A Semi-Active, High-Torque, Magnetorheological Fluid Limited Slip Differential Clutch

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkan Kavlicoglu ◽  
Faramarz Gordaninejad ◽  
Cahit Evrensel ◽  
Alan Fuchs ◽  
George Korol
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Bingham Plastic ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Torque Transmission ◽  
And Performance

The design, development, and performance characterization of a magnetorheological (MR) fluid clutch for automotive limited slip differential (LSD) applications is presented in this study. The controllability of MR fluids provides an adjustable torque transmission and slippage for the LSD application. Three-dimensional electromagnetic finite element analysis (FEA) is performed to optimize the magnetic circuit and clutch design. Based on the results obtained from the FEA, the theoretical torque transfer capacity of the clutch is predicted utilizing Bingham-Plastic constitutive model. The clutch is characterized at different velocities and electromagnet electric input currents. Both the torque transfer capacity and the response time of the clutch were examined. It was demonstrated that the proposed MR fluid LSD clutch is capable of transferring controllable high torques with a fast response time.

Design and Performance of a MR Torque Transfer Device

Aerospace ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Molyet ◽  
Constantin Ciocanel ◽  
Hideki Yamamoto ◽  
Nagi Naganathan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Active Portion ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Transfer Device

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids possess the unique ability to undergo dramatic and nearly completely reversible changes in their rheological properties under the application of a magnetic field. These controllable fluids can serve as quiet, rapid interfaces between electronic controls and mechanical systems. One area of application is to use these fluids in torque transfer devices, such as clutches and brakes. After determining MR fluid properties and behavior using a rheometer, a parallel disk type MR clutch was successfully developed, which utilized a stationary electromagnetic coil. Finite element analysis was used to design the coil and clutch assembly in order to maximize the magnetic field generated within the MR fluid. The resulting magnetic field was uniform over the active portion of the clutch, easily controllable by adjusting the current passing through the coil, and provided a large range of field strength values. The experimentally measured output torque was generally in good agreement with predicted values. This work will detail the design considerations and methodology used to develop this clutch, which can be extended to the design of other MR devices.

An Additively Manufactured Four Sensor Fast Response Aerodynamic Probe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Chasoglou ◽  
Panagiotis Tsirikoglou ◽  
Anestis Kalfas ◽  
Reza Abhari
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Free Jets ◽  
Axisymmetric Jet ◽  
First Results ◽  
Binder Jetting ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The current work describes the design, development and testing of a miniature fast response aerodynamic probe (FRAP) with 4 sensors (4S), able to perform measurements in unsteady three-dimensional flow field. Moreover, the calibration and first results with the newly developed probe is also provided. The miniature FRAP-4S demonstrates a 3 mm tip diameter, which represents a 25% reduction in diameter size, in comparison to a first generation FRAP-4S, without any loss in terms of measurement bandwidth. The 3 mm outer casing of the probe is additively manufactured with a high-precision binder jetting technique. In terms of aerodynamic performance, the probe demonstrates high angular sensitivity up to at least ± 18° incidence angle in both directions. To evaluate the measurement accuracy of the newly developed FRAP-4S, measurements are performed at the Laboratory for Energy Conversion (LEC) in both a round axisymmetric jet and an one-and-a-half stage, unshrouded and highly-loaded axial turbine configuration. Turbulence measurements performed with the miniature FRAP-4S are compared against hot-wire studies in round free-jets found in the literature. Good agreement in both trends but also absolute values is demonstrated. Moreover, the performance of the probe is compared against traditional instrumentation developed at LEC, namely miniature pneumatic and FRAP-2S probes. The results indicate that the FRAP-4S, despite its larger size in comparison to the other probes tested, can resolve the main flow patterns, while the highest deviations occur in the presence of highly skewed and sheared flows. Furthermore, the additively manufactured probe was proven to be robust after more than 50 hours of testing in representative turbine environment configuration. Finally, it should be highlighted that the newly developed FRAP reduces measurement time by a factor of three in comparison to FRAP-2S, which directly translates to reduced development time and thus cost, during turbomachinery development phase.

Thermal and tribological performance of graphite flake based magnetorheological fluid under shear mode clutch

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Thakur ◽  
Chiranjit Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluid ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Graphite Flake ◽  
Shear Mode ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Torque Transmission

Abstract In this research work, graphite flake has been used as an additive in magnetorheological (MR) fluid to improve its thermal and tribological performance. MR fluids with varying amounts of graphite flakes (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt%) are prepared to show effective thermal and tribological performance. A test rig is developed with a DC motor, torque sensor, and MR clutch operated in a shear mode to test the torque transmission. Results show the lubrication effects of graphite flakes in MR fluid. Torque transmission is improved in on-state and off-state using graphite flakes based MR fluid as compared to conventional MR fluid. Heating of MR clutch is also reduced with the graphite flakes based MR fluid. Wear marks and damages are decreased significantly with the increased amount of graphite flakes as found in surface roughness tests. SEM and EDS are used to characterize the worn surfaces. This research provides information about the effectiveness of graphite flakes in the MR clutch to improve the device's performance.

Geometric Analysis in an MR Fan Clutch

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1731-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zuo Ma ◽  
Guo Chao Wang ◽  
Dong Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Control Torque ◽  
Load Torque ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Torque Transmission ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Transmission Ability

A magnetorheological (MR) fan clutch is introduced. Based on Herschel-Bulkley model, the equation of transmission torque developed by MR fluids is derived to compute the torque transmission ability in the MR fan clutch. The necessary gap and the need of MR fluid volume between two parallel circular discs of the clutch are carried out. The results indicate that, the transmission torque of the MR fan clutch developed rapidly depend on the yield strength of MR fluid. The necessary gap and the volume for the MR fan clutch can be obtained based on MR fluid properties, the desired control torque ratio, the angular velocity and load torque of the clutch.

scholarly journals A Fast-Response Automated Gas Equilibrator (FaRAGE) for continuous in situ measurement of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> dissolved in water

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 3871-3880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangbin Xiao ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Andreas Lorke ◽  
Jason Woodhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. Biogenic greenhouse gas emissions, e.g., of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from inland waters, contribute substantially to global warming. In aquatic systems, dissolved greenhouse gases are highly heterogeneous in both space and time. To better understand the biological and physical processes that affect sources and sinks of both CH4 and CO2, their dissolved concentrations need to be measured with high spatial and temporal resolution. To achieve this goal, we developed the Fast-Response Automated Gas Equilibrator (FaRAGE) for real-time in situ measurement of dissolved CH4 and CO2 concentrations at the water surface and in the water column. FaRAGE can achieve an exceptionally short response time (t95 %=12 s when including the response time of the gas analyzer) while retaining an equilibration ratio of 62.6 % and a measurement accuracy of 0.5 % for CH4. A similar performance was observed for dissolved CO2 (t95 %=10 s, equilibration ratio 67.1 %). An equilibration ratio as high as 91.8 % can be reached at the cost of a slightly increased response time (16 s). The FaRAGE is capable of continuously measuring dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations in the nM-to-sub mM (10−9–10−3 mol L−1) range with a detection limit of sub-nM (10−10 mol L−1), when coupling with a cavity ring-down greenhouse gas analyzer (Picarro GasScouter). FaRAGE allows for the possibility of mapping dissolved concentration in a “quasi” three-dimensional manner in lakes and provides an inexpensive alternative to other commercial gas equilibrators. It is simple to operate and suitable for continuous monitoring with a strong tolerance for suspended particles. While the FaRAGE is developed for inland waters, it can be also applied to ocean waters by tuning the gas–water mixing ratio. The FaRAGE is easily adapted to suit other gas analyzers expanding the range of potential applications, including nitrous oxide and isotopic composition of the gases.

scholarly journals A Fast-response automated gas equilibrator (FaRAGE) for continuous in situ measurement of methane dissolved in water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangbin Xiao ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Andreas Lorke ◽  
Jason Woodhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
In Situ Measurement ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Biogenic Methane ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs ◽  
Ch4 Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Ch4 Concentration

Abstract. Biogenic methane (CH4) emissions from inland waters contribute substantially to global warming. In aquatic systems, CH4 dissolved in freshwater lakes and reservoirs is highly heterogeneous both in space and time. To better understand the biological and physical processes that affect sources and sinks of CH4 in lakes and reservoirs, dissolved CH4 needs to be measured with a highest temporal resolution. To achieve this goal, we developed the Fast-Response Automated Gas Equilibrator (FaRAGE) for real-time in situ measurement of dissolved CH4 concentration at the water surface and in the water column. FaRAGE can achieve an exceptionally short response time (t95 % = 12 s when including the response time of the gas analyzer) while retaining an equilibration ratio of 63 % and a measurement accuracy of 0.5 %. An equilibration ratio as high as 91.8 % can be reached at the cost of a slightly increased response time (16 s). The FaRAGE is capable of continuously measuring dissolved CH4 concentrations in the nM-to-mM (10−9–10−3 mol L−1) range with a detection limit of sub-nM (10−10 mol L−1), when coupled with a cavity ring-down greenhouse gas analyzer (Picarro GasScouter). It enables the possibility of mapping dissolved CH4 concentration in a quasi three-dimensional manner in lakes. The FaRAGE is simple to operate, inexpensive, and suitable for continuous monitoring with a strong tolerance to suspended particles. The easy adaptability to other gas analyzers such as Ultra-portable Los Gatos and stable isotopic gas analyzer (Picarro G2132-i) also provides the potential for many further applications, e.g. measuring dissolved 13δC-CH4 and CO2.

Concept Development, Detailed Design and Construction of the Three Forty Three – North America's Most Powerful Fireboat

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Allan ◽  
K. D. Harford ◽  
D. Noon ◽  
J. Bjerkeset ◽  
J. Dalton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Design Development ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Supervisory Staff

This paper reviews the process of the complete design development, from concept to completion of the largest and most capable fireboats in North America, and among the largest in the world, for the Fire Department of New York (FDNY). The Three Forty-Three is the first of two new fireboats to this design built at Eastern Shipbuilding Inc. of Panama City, Florida and delivered in May 2010. The second vessel is due for completion later in the year. As the result of an international design competition, Robert Allan Ltd. was selected to provide complete engineering and design services for the new boats, from initial concept through detailed engineering design and a comprehensive value engineering process. The scope of services also included the support of FDNY through every stage of major component procurement and the shipbuilding contract award. Robert Allan Ltd.’s shipyard supervisory staff also acted in the capacity of Owner’s Representatives on-site in the shipyard throughout the entire construction process. These major, fast response fireboats were designed to specifically address the fire-fighting and rescue needs of the greater New York harbour, including the New Jersey shore. This includes the capability within the vessel to respond to any CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear) incident. The fireboats are designed for a response speed of 17.4 knots, with a low-wake, 12 knot cruising/patrol speed. The powering, seakeeping, and wake generation characteristics of the semi-displacement hull form were all verified in an extensive model-testing program. The resulting propulsion system is a unique quadruple screw, CPP configuration. The paper focuses on the various initial studies performed to establish the basic design configuration, the model testing and performance verification process, the value engineering studies performed, the many unique design features of the fire-fighting and emergency response capability of these vessels and the performance trials results. Finally, the challenges of managing a major shipbuilding project for a major civic Government Client such as FDNY concludes the paper.

An Additively Manufactured Four-Sensor Fast Response Aerodynamic Probe

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros C. Chasoglou ◽  
Panagiotis Tsirikoglou ◽  
Anestis I. Kalfas ◽  
Reza S. Abhari
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Free Jets ◽  
Axisymmetric Jet ◽  
First Results ◽  
Binder Jetting ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract This study describes the design, development, and testing of a miniature fast response aerodynamic probe (FRAP) with four sensors (4S), which are able to perform measurements in the unsteady three-dimensional flow field. Moreover, the calibration and first results with the newly developed probe are provided. The miniature FRAP-4S demonstrates a 3 mm tip diameter, offering a 25% reduction in diameter size, in comparison to a first-generation FRAP-4S, without any loss in terms of measurement bandwidth. The 3 mm outer casing of the probe is additively manufactured with a high-precision binder jetting technique. In terms of aerodynamic performance, the probe demonstrates high angular sensitivity up to ± 18 deg incidence angle in both directions. To evaluate the measurement accuracy of the newly developed FRAP-4S, measurements are performed at the Laboratory for Energy Conversion (LEC) in both a round axisymmetric jet and an one-and-a-half stage, unshrouded and highly loaded axial turbine configuration. Turbulence measurements performed with the miniature FRAP-4S are compared against hot-wire studies in round free-jets found in the literature. Good agreement in both trends but also absolute values is demonstrated. Moreover, the performance of the probe is compared against traditional instrumentation developed at LEC, namely, miniature pneumatic and FRAP-2S probes. The results indicate that the FRAP-4S, despite its larger size in comparison to the other probes tested, can resolve the main flow patterns, with the highest deviations occuring in the presence of highly skewed and sheared flow. Furthermore, the additively manufactured probe was proven to be robust after more than 50 hours of testing in the representative turbine environment configuration. Finally, it should be highlighted that the newly developed FRAP reduces measurement time by a factor of three in comparison to FRAP-2S, which directly translates to reduced development time and thus cost during the turbomachinery development phase.

Optimization of the Frame and Performance Analysis of Solar Modules Based on Ansys Workbench and Solidworks

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
Wei Hua Wei ◽  
Ya Nan Zhu ◽  
Tong Ming Xue ◽  
Si Yuan Xie ◽  
Cheng Rong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Factory Laboratory ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Taking advantage of three-dimensional software Solidworks to model for solar modules and also using finite element analysis software Ansysworkbench to conduct the stress analysis and strength check of modules, to analyze the deformation of modules under certain loading conditions, to conduct load tests and defect detection (EL experiments) and to optimize encapsulation with aluminum frame combined with the factory laboratory. The results show that: the modules have no crack and other defects and their power attenuation does not exceed the specified value after the 2.0mm thickness aluminum frame was reduced to 1.7mm.

Design and Performance Analysis on MR-Shock Absorber

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 648-655
Author(s):  
M.L. Brabin Nivas ◽  
T. Prabaharan ◽  
J. Libin ◽  
T. Bibin Jose
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Clear Fluid ◽  
Carrier Fluid ◽  
Fluid Turbulence ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Magneto Rheological

Abst r a c t -Magneto rheological aqueous is an old advancing to the bazaar at top speed. Excellent appearance like fast response, simple interface amid electrical ability ascribe and automated ability output, and absolute controllability accomplish MRF technology adorable for abounding applications.The aim of this project is preparation of MR-fluids by using the different types of carrier fluid mixed with iron powder and stability and magnetic properties are analysed. Thesedimentation of iron particles can be reduced by using additives. The sedimentation can be analysed by boundary variation of the clear fluid to the fluid turbulence. The viscosity of smart fluid can be increased by varying the applied magnetic field.The performance of the MR-damper depends on the applied maximum magnetic field and the hydraulic circuit design. The MR-damper force by increasing the magnetic field can be analysed by sing the FEMM V4 Software.Damping force depends on the excitation of current and magnetic field.Key words: Rheological, magnetic field, damping force, FEMM, flux density

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