Nucleus Implant Parameters Significantly Change the Compressive Stiffness of the Human Lumbar Intervertebral Disc

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Joshi ◽  
Samir Mehta ◽  
Edward Vresilovic ◽  
Andrew Karduna ◽  
Michele Marcolongo
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Compressive Stiffness ◽  
Lower Back

Nucleus replacement by a synthetic material is a recent trend for treatment of lower back pain. Hydrogel nucleus implants were prepared with variations in implant modulus, height, and diameter. Human lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) were tested in compression for intact, denucleated, and implanted condition. Implantation of nucleus implants with different material and geometric parameters into a denucleated IVD significantly altered the IVD compressive stiffness. Variations in the nucleus implant parameters significantly change the compressive stiffness of the human lumbar IVD. Implant geometrical variations were more effective than those of implant modulus variations in the range examined.

scholarly journals Herniated Lumbar Disc Generation and Classification Using Cycle Generative Adversarial Networks on Axial View MRI

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 982
Author(s):  
Wafa Mbarki ◽  
Moez Bouchouicha ◽  
Frederick Tshibasu Tshienda ◽  
Eric Moreau ◽  
Mounir Sayadi
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Generative Adversarial Networks ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Herniated Lumbar Disc ◽  
Axial View

A frequent cause of lower back pain presenting with leg pain is a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. A herniation or a herniated lumbar disc is a change of position of disc material (nucleus pulpous or annulus fibrosis). Usually, the lower back pain goes away within days or weeks. Regular treatment techniques for lower back pain include medication, exercises, relaxation methods and surgery. Back pain and back problems regularly occur in the lumbar region. The spinal canal is made up of vertebrae; each one protects the spinal nerves. Intervertebral discs and facet joints connect the vertebrae above and below. Groups of muscles and ligaments hold the vertebrae and the discs together. Muscles support the spine and the body weight, and they allow us to move. Pressure can result in excessive wear and tear of the other structures. For example, a common problem in the lower back is disc herniation. In this case, pressure on an intervertebral disc makes its center, the nucleus pulposus, protrude backwards and push against the spinal nerves, leading to lower back pain. Detection and classification are the two most important tasks in computer aided diagnosing systems. Detection of a herniated lumbar disc from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very difficult task for radiologist. The extraction of herniated discs has been achieved by different approaches such as active contours, region growing, watershed techniques, thresholding and deep learning. In this study, to detect intervertebral disc from axial MRIs we develop a method using generative adversarial networks (GANs), especially the CycleGAN model, to automatically generate and detect intervertebral disc and to classify the type of the herniated lumbar disc such as foraminal or median. We propose to explore the importance of axial view MRI to determine the herniation type. Accurately, GANs and other generative networks have created several ways to tackle different problems well known and challenging of medical image analysis, such as segmentation, reconstruction, data simulation, medical image de-noising, and classification. Moreover, their efficiency to synthesize images and data at unprecedented levels of realism also gives hope that the chronic scarcity of labeled data in the medical field can be resolved with the help of these generative models. In our case, having a database that contains several images is a very difficult task. In this paper, we put forward a new approach based on GANs, in order to solve the problem of lumbar intervertebral disc images reduction. This method is based especially on CycleGAN. Consequently, the essential objective of our work is to generate and automatically classify the herniation type as foraminal or median using GANs. Our computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system achieved a 97.2% accuracy on our dataset. This result represents a very high-performance results by providing the state of the art and our work utilizing the GANs technique. Our CAD is very effective and efficient for classifying herniations of lumbar intervertebral discs. Therefore, the contribution of this study appears in: firstly, the use of the CycleGAN model based on convolutional layers to detect and classify the herniation type (median or foraminal) in lumbar intervertebral discs, secondly, the use of axial view MRI in order to classify the type of the herniated intervertebral disc. The main objective of this paper is to help radiologists automatically recognize and classify herniated lumbar discs.

A novel radiofrequency thermocoagulation method for treatment of lower back pain: thermal conduction after instillation of saline solution into the nucleus pulposus—preliminary results

2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 934-939
Author(s):  
N. Azulay ◽  
M. Forgerit ◽  
E. G. Alava ◽  
A. Deplas ◽  
R. Vialle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Nucleus Pulposus ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Clinical Benefit ◽  
New Method ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Lumbar Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Radiofrequency Heating

Background: Radiofrequency heating of the intervertebral disc has been proposed for the treatment of chronic low back pain using two methods: a flexible needle inserted into the annulus fibrosus achieving a full 360° penetration, or a rigid needle inserted into the nucleus pulposus. The first technique is effective on pain, but the clinical benefit of the second is uncertain. Purpose: To evaluate a technique for radiofrequency heating of the lumbar intervertebral disc by a needle placed into the nucleus pulposus. Material and Methods: The method was tested in 17 patients according to the criteria used in previous intradiscal radiofrequency studies. Before and after treatment, disability was assessed by the Oswestry disability score. A pain reduction of at least 50% was considered a success. Results: Fifteen patients were responders at 1 month (88%), nine at 3 months (53%), and 12 at 6 months (70.6%). No complications were observed. Conclusion: A new method of providing discal radiofrequency treatment for lower back pain had a substantial clinical benefit in 71% of the observed patients. A prospective study comparing this new method with placebo should be conducted to confirm these initial results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of injectable nucleus augmentation materials for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Philip Culbert ◽  
James P Warren ◽  
Andrew R Dixon ◽  
Hazel Louise Fermor ◽  
Paul A. Beales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Lower Back

Lower back pain affects a person’s health and mobility as well as creating a large economic cost. This is often caused by degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Current operative and...

Lower‐back pain, intervertebral‐disc calcification and scleral pigmentation

2006 ◽  
Vol 184 (12) ◽  
pp. 643-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Sharma ◽  
Shefali K Sharma ◽  
Ajay Wanchu ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Surjit Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Calcification ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Scleral Pigmentation

scholarly journals Tissue physiology revolving around the clock: circadian rhythms as exemplified by the intervertebral disc

2021 ◽  
pp. annrheumdis-2020-219515
Author(s):  
Honor Morris ◽  
Cátia F Gonçalves ◽  
Michal Dudek ◽  
Judith Hoyland ◽  
Qing-Jun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Ivd Degeneration ◽  
Rest Activity

Circadian clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues temporally coordinate local physiology to align with the 24 hours rhythmic environment through light/darkness, rest/activity and feeding/fasting cycles. Circadian disruptions (during ageing, shift work and jet-lag) have been proposed as a risk factor for degeneration and disease of tissues, including the musculoskeletal system. The intervertebral disc (IVD) in the spine separates the bony vertebrae and permits movement of the spinal column. IVD degeneration is highly prevalent among the ageing population and is a leading cause of lower back pain. The IVD is known to experience diurnal changes in loading patterns driven by the circadian rhythm in rest/activity cycles. In recent years, emerging evidence indicates the existence of molecular circadian clocks within the IVD, disruption to which accelerates tissue ageing and predispose animals to IVD degeneration. The cell-intrinsic circadian clocks in the IVD control key aspects of physiology and pathophysiology by rhythmically regulating the expression of ~3.5% of the IVD transcriptome, allowing cells to cope with the drastic biomechanical and chemical changes that occur throughout the day. Indeed, epidemiological studies on long-term shift workers have shown an increased incidence of lower back pain. In this review, we summarise recent findings of circadian rhythms in health and disease, with the IVD as an exemplar tissue system. We focus on rhythmic IVD functions and discuss implications of utilising biological timing mechanisms to improve tissue health and mitigate degeneration. These findings may have broader implications in chronic rheumatic conditions, given the recent findings of musculoskeletal circadian clocks.

Anti-degenerative effect of melatonin on intervertebral disc: protective contribution against inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Hemati ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh ◽  
Iman Fatemi ◽  
Azam Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Saeed Mehrzadi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Lower Back Pain ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Collagen Ii ◽  
Ivd Degeneration

Abstract: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a leading cause of lower back pain. Although the etiology of IVD degeneration (IVDD) is unclear, excessive oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and disruption of autophagy play important role in the pathogenesis of IVDD. Therefore, finding a solution to mitigate these processes could stop or reduce the development of IVDD. Melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, plays an important role in regulating cartilage tissue hemostasis. Melatonin inhibits destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) of disc. Melatonin preserves ECM contents including sox-9, aggrecan, and collagen II through inhibiting matrix degeneration enzymes such as MMP-13. These protective effects may be mediated by the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and regulation of autophagy in IVD cells.

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