A Study of Humidified Gas Turbines for Short-Term Realization in Midsized Power Generation—Part I: Nonintercooled Cycle Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bartlett ◽  
Mats O. Westermark
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Short Term ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Working Media

Humidified Gas Turbine (HGT) cycles are a group of advanced gas turbine cycles that use water-air mixtures as the working media. In this article, three known HGT configurations are examined in the context of short-term realization for small to midsized power generation: the Steam Injected Gas Turbine, the Full-flow Evaporative Gas Turbine, and the Part-flow Evaporative Gas Turbine. The heat recovery characteristics and performance potential of these three cycles are assessed, with and without intercooling, and a preliminary economic analysis is carried out for the most promising cycles.

A Study of Humidified Gas Turbines for Short-Term Realization in Midsized Power Generation—Part II: Intercooled Cycle Analysis and Final Economic Evaluation

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bartlett ◽  
Mats O. Westermark
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Short Term ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Working Media

Humidified gas turbine (HGT) cycles are a group of advanced gas turbine cycles that use water–air mixtures as the working media. In this article, three known HGT configurations are examined in the context of short-term realization for small to mid-sized power generation: the steam injected gas turbine, the full-flow evaporative gas turbine, and the part-flow evaporative gas turbine. The heat recovery characteristics and performance potential of these three cycles are assessed, with and without intercooling, and a preliminary economic analysis is carried out for the most promising cycles.

scholarly journals Thermoeconomic Optimization of Steam Pressure of Heat Recovery Steam Generator in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine under Different Operation Strategies

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4991
Author(s):  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Liqiang Duan
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Steam Pressure ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
System Power

The optimization of the steam parameters of the heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) of Combined Cycle Gas Turbines (CCGT) has become one of the important means to reduce the power generation cost of combined cycle units. Based on the structural theory of thermoeconomics, a thermoeconomic optimization model for a triple pressure reheat HRSG is established. Taking the minimization of the power generation cost of the combined cycle system as the optimization objective, an optimization algorithm based on three factors and six levels of orthogonal experimental samples to determine the optimal solution for the high, intermediate and low pressure steam pressures under different gas turbine (GT) operation strategies. The variation law and influencing factors of the system power generation cost with the steam pressure level under all operation strategies are analyzed. The research results show that the system power generation cost decreases as the GT load rate increases, T4 plays a dominant role in the selection of the optimal pressure level for high pressure (HP) steam and, in order to obtain the optimum power generation cost, the IGV T3-650-F mode should be adopted to keep the T4 at a high level under different GT load rates.

Power Augmentation Technologies: Part II — Thermo-Economic Analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ancona ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Analytical Evaluation ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Widespread Interest ◽  
Selection Of

There exists a widespread interest in the application of gas turbine Power Augmentation Technologies (PATs) in both electric power generation and mechanical drive markets. This interest is attributable to liberalization in the power generation sector, increased electric rates during peak demand period and need for a proper selection of the gas turbine in a given application. In the Part II of this study, an analytical evaluation of the ambient temperature effect on gas turbines performance is presented. Further, the achievable power boost due to the installation of the most adopted PAT strategies is deeply investigated. Considering a whole year of operation for a large number of worldwide locations, also the behavior change — due to the use of the PATs — on both the energy production and the economic aspect will be analyzed and discussed.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Thermodynamic Analysis of the Humphrey Cycle for Gas Turbines with Pressure Gain Combustion

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Conventional gas turbines are approaching their efficiency limits and performance gains are becoming increasingly difficult to achieve. Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC) has emerged as a very promising technology in this respect, due to the higher thermal efficiency of the respective ideal gas turbine thermodynamic cycles. Up to date, only very simplified models of open cycle gas turbines with pressure gain combustion have been considered. However, the integration of a fundamentally different combustion technology will be inherently connected with additional losses. Entropy generation in the combustion process, combustor inlet pressure loss (a central issue for pressure gain combustors), and the impact of PGC on the secondary air system (especially blade cooling) are all very important parameters that have been neglected. The current work uses the Humphrey cycle in an attempt to address all these issues in order to provide gas turbine component designers with benchmark efficiency values for individual components of gas turbines with PGC. The analysis concludes with some recommendations for the best strategy to integrate turbine expanders with PGC combustors. This is done from a purely thermodynamic point of view, again with the goal to deliver design benchmark values for a more realistic interpretation of the cycle.

Predicting Flameholding for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Flames at Gas Turbine Premixer Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Sullivan-Lewis ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Transient Events ◽  
Significant Effort

Lean-premixed gas turbines are now common devices for low emissions stationary power generation. By creating a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air upstream of the combustion chamber, temperature variations are reduced within the combustor, which reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides. However, by premixing fuel and air, a potentially flammable mixture is established in a part of the engine not designed to contain a flame. If the flame propagates upstream from the combustor (flashback), significant engine damage can result. While significant effort has been put into developing flashback resistant combustors, these combustors are only capable of preventing flashback during steady operation of the engine. Transient events (e.g., auto-ignition within the premixer and pressure spikes during ignition) can trigger flashback that cannot be prevented with even the best combustor design. In these cases, preventing engine damage requires designing premixers that will not allow a flame to be sustained. Experimental studies were conducted to determine under what conditions premixed flames of hydrogen and natural gas can be anchored in a simulated gas turbine premixer. Tests have been conducted at pressures up to 9 atm, temperatures up to 750 K, and freestream velocities between 20 and 100 m/s. Flames were anchored in the wakes of features typical of premixer passageways, including cylinders, steps, and airfoils. The results of this study have been used to develop an engineering tool that predicts under what conditions a flame will anchor, and can be used for development of flame anchoring resistant gas turbine premixers.

Three Spool High Efficiency Small Scale Gas Turbine Concept

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matti Malkamäki ◽  
Ahti Jaatinen-Värri ◽  
Antti Uusitalo ◽  
Aki Grönman ◽  
Juha Honkatukia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Reciprocating Engines

Decentralized electricity and heat production is a rising trend in small-scale industry. There is a tendency towards more distributed power generation. The decentralized power generation is also pushed forward by the policymakers. Reciprocating engines and gas turbines have an essential role in the global decentralized energy markets and improvements in their electrical efficiency have a substantial impact from the environmental and economic viewpoints. This paper introduces an intercooled and recuperated three stage, three-shaft gas turbine concept in 850 kW electric output range. The gas turbine is optimized for a realistic combination of the turbomachinery efficiencies, the turbine inlet temperature, the compressor specific speeds, the recuperation rate and the pressure ratio. The new gas turbine design is a natural development of the earlier two-spool gas turbine construction and it competes with the efficiencies achieved both with similar size reciprocating engines and large industrial gas turbines used in heat and power generation all over the world and manufactured in large production series. This paper presents a small-scale gas turbine process, which has a simulated electrical efficiency of 48% as well as thermal efficiency of 51% and can compete with reciprocating engines in terms of electrical efficiency at nominal and partial load conditions.

scholarly journals Biomass Gasification for Gas Turbine Based Power Generation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Paisley ◽  
Donald Anson
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Process Economics ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
The Us ◽  
Power Generation Systems

The Biomass Power Program of the US Department of Energy (DOE) has as a major goal the development of cost-competitive technologies for the production of power from renewable biomass crops. The gasification of biomass provides the potential to meet his goal by efficiently and economically producing a renewable source of a clean gaseous fuel suitable for use in high efficiency gas turbines. This paper discusses the development and first commercial demonstration of the Battelle high-throughput gasification process for power generation systems. Projected process economics are presented along with a description of current experimental operations coupling a gas turbine power generation system to the research scale gasifier and the process scaleup activities in Burlington, Vermont.

Alstom Gas Turbine Technology Overview: Status 2014

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kappis ◽  
Stefan Florjancic ◽  
Uwe Ruedel
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Base Load ◽  
Very High

Market requirements for the heavy duty gas turbine power generation business have significantly changed over the last few years. With high gas prices in former times, all users have been mainly focusing on efficiency in addition to overall life cycle costs. Today individual countries see different requirements, which is easily explainable picking three typical trends. In the United States, with the exploitation of shale gas, gas prices are at a very low level. Hence, many gas turbines are used as base load engines, i.e. nearly constant loads for extended times. For these engines reliability is of main importance and efficiency somewhat less. In Japan gas prices are extremely high, and therefore the need for efficiency is significantly higher. Due to the challenge to partly replace nuclear plants, these engines as well are mainly intended for base load operation. In Europe, with the mid and long term carbon reduction strategy, heavy duty gas turbines is mainly used to compensate for intermittent renewable power generation. As a consequence, very high cyclic operation including fast and reliable start-up, very high loading gradients, including frequency response, and extended minimum and maximum operating ranges are required. Additionally, there are other features that are frequently requested. Fuel flexibility is a major demand, reaching from fuels of lower purity, i.e. with higher carbon (C2+), content up to possible combustion of gases generated by electrolysis (H2). Lifecycle optimization, as another important request, relies on new technologies for reconditioning, lifetime monitoring, and improved lifetime prediction methods. Out of Alstom’s recent research and development activities the following items are specifically addressed in this paper. Thermodynamic engine modelling and associated tasks are discussed, as well as the improvement and introduction of new operating concepts. Furthermore extended applications of design methodologies are shown. An additional focus is set ono improve emission behaviour understanding and increased fuel flexibility. Finally, some applications of the new technologies in Alstom products are given, indicating the focus on market requirements and customer care.

scholarly journals Development of a Low-NOx LBG Combustor for Coal Gasification Combined Cycle Power Generation Systems

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
T. Abe ◽  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
T. Nakata ◽  
T. Yoshine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Power Generation Systems

From the view point of future coal utilization technology for the thermal power generation systems, the coal gasification combined cycle system has drawn special interest recently. In the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system, it is necessary to develop a high temperature gas turbine combustor using a low-BTU gas (LBG) which has high thermal efficiency and low emissions. In Japan a development program of the coal gasification combined cycle power generation system has started in 1985 by the national government and Japanese electric companies. In this program, 1300°C class gas turbines will be developed. If the fuel gas cleaning system is a hot type, the coal gaseous fuel to be supplied to gas turbines will contain ammonia. Ammonia will be converted to nitric oxides in the combustion process in gas turbines. Therefore, low fuel-NOx combustion technology will be one of the most important research subjects. This paper describes low fuel-NOx combustion technology for 1300°C class gas turbine combustors using coal gaseous low-BTU fuel as well as combustion characteristics and carbon monoxide emission characteristics. Combustion tests were conducted using a full-scale combustor used for the 150 MW gas turbine at the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, high pressure combustion tests were conducted using a half-scale combustor used for the 1 50 MW gas turbine.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines for the Chemical Industry

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stanley Stys
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Construction

Application of the gas turbine in nitric-acid plants appears attractive. Several of these units have been installed recently in this country and performance and operating experience already have been gained. Design, construction, and layout of “package” units for this particular process are described.

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