Analysis of the Effects of Water Injection on the Performance of a Gas Turbine

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Mathioudakis
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Main Parameter ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Account Variation

The effect of water injection in the combustion chamber of an industrial gas turbine is studied by means of analytic relations. Equations for the estimation of changes in the main performance parameters are provided. The relations are derived on the basis of an order of magnitude analysis and taking into account variation of gas properties due to water injection as well as changes in the interrelation of component performance parameters. It is shown that water/fuel ratio is the main parameter on which performance deviations depend. Data from the performance testing of an industrial gas turbine are used to check the validity of the proposed relations. The comparison of the predictions to the test data shows that the mechanisms of performance deviations are well modeled by the analysis presented.

Design and Development of a 12:1 Pressure Ratio Compressor for the Ruston 6-MW Gas Turbine

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Carchedi ◽  
G. R. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Aerodynamic Design ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Surge Line ◽  
Flow Compressor ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Spanwise Flow

This paper describes the design and development of a 15-stage axial flow compressor for a −6MW industrial gas turbine. Detailed aspects of the aerodynamic design are presented together with rig test data for the complete characteristic including stage data. Predictions of spanwise flow distributions are compared with measured values for the front stages of the compressor. Variable stagger stator blading is used to control the position of the low speed surge line and the effects of the stagger changes are discussed.

Coal-Water Slurry Testing of an Industrial Gas Turbine

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Wenglarz ◽  
C. Wilkes ◽  
R. C. Bourke ◽  
H. C. Mongia
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Water Slurry ◽  
Coal Water Slurry ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

This paper describes the first test of an industrial gas turbine and low emissions combustion system on coal-water-slurry fuel. The engine and combustion system have been developed over the past five years as part of the Heat Engines program sponsored by the Morgantown Energy Technology Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The engine is a modified Allison 501-K industrial gas turbine designed to produce 3.5 MW of electrical power when burning natural gas or distillate fuel. Full load power output increases to approximately 4.9 MW when burning coal-water slurry as a result of additional turbine mass flow rate. The engine has been modified to accept an external staged combustion system developed specifically for burning coal and low quality ash-bearing fuels. Combustion staging permits the control of NOx from fuel-bound nitrogen while simultaneously controlling CO emissions. Water injection freezes molten ash in the quench zone located between the rich and lean zones. The dry ash is removed from the hot gas stream by two parallel cyclone separators. This paper describes the engine and combustor system modifications required for running on coal and presents the emissions and turbine performance data from the coal-water slurry testing. Included is a discussion of hot gas path ash deposition and planned future work that will support the commercialization of coal-fired gas turbines.

Acoustic Resonances of an Industrial Gas Turbine Combustion System

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hubbard ◽  
A. P. Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Bulk Mode ◽  
Acoustic Resonances ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

A theory is developed to describe low frequency acoustic waves in the complicated diffuser/combustor geometry of a typical industrial gas turbine. This is applied to the RB211-DLE geometry to give predictions for the frequencies of the acoustic resonances at a range of operating conditions. The main resonant frequencies are to be found around 605 Hz (associated with the plenum) and around 461 Hz and 823 Hz (associated with the combustion chamber), as well as one at around 22 Hz (a bulk mode associated with the system as a whole).

Combustion Chamber Steam Injection for Gas Turbine Performance Improvement During High Ambient Temperature Operations

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Bouam ◽  
Slimane Aissani ◽  
Rabah Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The gas turbines are generally used for large scale power generation. The basic gas turbine cycle has low thermal efficiency, which decreases in the hard climatic conditions of operation, so the cycles with thermodynamic improvement is found to be necessary. Among several methods shown their success in increasing the performances, the steam injected gas turbine cycle (STIG) consists of introducing a high amount of steam at various points in the cycle. The main purpose of the present work is to improve the principal characteristics of gas turbine used under hard condition of temperature in Algerian Sahara by injecting steam in the combustion chamber. The suggested method has been studied and compared to a simple cycle. Efficiency, however, is held constant when the ambient temperature increases from ISO conditions to 50°C. Computer program has been developed for various gas turbine processes including the effects of ambient temperature, pressure ratio, injection parameters, standard temperature, and combustion chamber temperature with and without steam injection. Data from the performance testing of an industrial gas turbine, computer model, and theoretical study are used to check the validity of the proposed model. The comparison of the predicted results to the test data is in good agreement. Starting from the advantages, we recommend the use of this method in the industry of hydrocarbons. This study can be contributed for experimental tests.

Application of a Computational Code to Simulate Interstage Injection Effects on GE Frame 7EA Gas Turbine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bagnoli ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
A. Peretto ◽  
P. R. Spina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Computational Code ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Fortran 90 ◽  
Injection Location

This paper investigates effects of interstage water injection on the performance of a GE Frame 7EA gas turbine using aero-thermodynamic modeling. To accomplish this objective a computational code, written in Fortran 90 language and developed by DIEM – University of Bologna, has been used. The calculation procedure considers effects of evaporation of injected water within the compressor including droplets dynamics which are necessary in order to fully evaluate effects of wet compression on the gas turbine performance. The robustness of the computational code is demonstrated by evaluating stage-by-stage compressor performance and the overall gas turbine performance in presence of inlet evaporative fogging, overspray fogging and interstage water injection. The presented results show that water injection location influences compressor stage loading redistribution differently. The plausible explanations to the observed trends of various performance parameters are presented in the paper.

FT8-3 Advanced Low Emissions Combustor Design

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urmila C. Reddy ◽  
Christine E. Blanchard ◽  
Barry C. Schlein
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Prototype Test ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Co Reduction ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Combustor Liner

Pratt & Whitney has developed a novel water-injected Industrial Gas Turbine (IGT) combustor liner design that has demonstrated significant reduction in CO emissions when compared to typical film cooled combustor designs. The CO reduction demonstrated in a prototype test shows that the CO quenching due to cooler film temperatures near the liner wall is a significant source of CO emissions in a conventional water-injected combustor operating on natural gas fuel. This finding paved the way for a combustor design that reduces CO emissions while still maintaining low levels of NOx emissions. This design also has potential for lower NOx since the low CO emissions characteristic enables increased water-injection. This paper presents the emissions characteristics measured on prototype hardware and the design of the engine hardware for future validation. Significant reduction in gaseous emissions was demonstrated with the testing of a prototype at the United Technologies Research Center in East Hartford, CT. This reduction in emissions compared to the baseline film-cooled design for a given operating condition has many benefits to the customer, including reduced need for exhaust catalyst cleanup and extended operating times while still meeting site permits specified in CO tons per year. Other benefits may include the ability to guarantee lower NOx emissions through increased water injection for the current CO emissions output.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Vibration Limits: A Fundamental View

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Ludwig ◽  
O. D. Erdmann
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Response Characteristic ◽  
Vibration Response ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Test data are presented which describe the vibration response characteristic of a typical industrial gas turbine. Vibration limits are discussed and a set of “standard” limits used for a large family of industrial gas turbines is shown.

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