Thermo-Economic Analysis of an Intercooled, Reheat and Recuperated Gas Turbine for Cogeneration Applications–Part I: Base Load Operation

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
G. Negri di Montenegro ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Cogeneration System

This paper presents a thermo-economic analysis of an intercooled, reheat (ICRH) gas turbine, with and without recuperation, for cogeneration applications. The optimization analyses of thermodynamic parameters have permitted to calculate variables, such as low-pressure compressor pressure ratio, high-pressure turbine pressure ratio and gas temperature at the waste heat recovery unit inlet while maximizing electric efficiency and “Energy Saving Index.” Subsequently, the economic analyses have allowed to evaluate return on the investment, and the minimum value of gross payout period, for the cycle configurations of highest thermodynamic performance. In the present study three sizes (100 MW, 20 MW, and 5 MW) of gas turbines have been examined. The performed investigation reveals that the maximum value of electric efficiency and “Energy Saving Index” is achieved for a large size (100 MW) recuperated ICRH gas turbine based cogeneration system. However, a nonrecuperated ICRH gas turbine (of 100 MW) based cogeneration system provides maximum value of return on the investment and the minimum value of gross payout period compared to the other gas turbine cycles, of the same size and with same power to heat ratio, investigated in the present study. A comprehensive thermo-economic analysis methodology, presented in this paper, should provide useful guidelines for preliminary sizing and selection of gas turbine cycle for cogeneration applications.

Thermo-Economic Analysis of an Intercooled, Reheat and Recuperated Gas Turbine for Cogeneration Applications: Part I — Base Load Operation

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bhargava ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
G. Negri di Montenegro ◽  
A. Peretto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Cogeneration System

This paper presents a thermo-economic analysis of an intercooled, reheat (ICRH) gas turbine, with and without recuperation, for cogeneration applications. The optimization analyses of thermodynamic parameters have permitted to calculate variables, such as low-pressure compressor pressure ratio, high-pressure turbine pressure ratio and gas temperature at the waste heat recovery unit inlet while maximizing electric efficiency and “Energy Saving Index”. Subsequently, the economic analyses have allowed to evaluate return on the investment, and the minimum value of gross payout period, for the cycle configurations of highest thermodynamic performance. In the present study three sizes (100 MW, 20 MW and 5 MW) of gas turbines have been examined. The performed investigation reveals that the maximum value of electric efficiency and “Energy Saving Index” is achieved for a large size (100 MW) recuperated ICRH gas turbine based cogeneration system. However, a non-recuperated ICRH gas turbine (of 100 MW) based cogeneration system provides maximum value of return on the investment and the minimum value of gross payout period compared to the other gas turbine cycles, of the same size and with same power to heat ratio, investigated in the present study. A comprehensive thermo-economic analysis methodology, presented in this paper, should provide useful guidelines for preliminary sizing and selection of gas turbine cycle for cogeneration applications.

scholarly journals A Prototype Replacement of a 100,000 Hours Operation, 25,000 KW Gas Turbine at Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Furukawazono ◽  
H. Ishino ◽  
T. Kamata ◽  
M. Kunihiro ◽  
M. Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Heavy Distillate ◽  
Final Shutdown ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Base Load

In September 1988, a Hitachi-GE model PG5341 gas turbine installed at the Tokuyama refinery of Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. (Japan) successfully recorded 100,325 hours of base load operation over a period of 13 years with 99.4% reliability. The generated power totalled 1,341,770 MWh at the time of final shutdown. The gas turbine, burning Bunker A oil, LPG, and heavy distillate oil, had been the main equipment in a cogeneration plant with a simple heat recovery steam generator using waste heat from the exhaust gas, plus a refired boiler. It was expected that several costly hot gas path components of this turbine would have to be replaced in the near future, and it was not as fuel efficient as more modern designs, so it was decided to replace the PG5341 with a Hitachi H-25 gas turbine. This new model H-25 is designed to have a rated output of 26,200kW and an efficiency of 32.3% (LHV) at the generator terminals under ISO conditions. By the use of a pressure ratio of 14.7 (up from 10.1) and a combustor outlet gas temperature of 1,260°C (up from 980°C), it is expected that efficiency of gas turbine will be improved relatively by 18.7% on a design basis, compared with the PG5341. A factory full-load test of the prototype H-25 gas turbine was completed in August 1988 with excellent results. This machine has been in place and in operation at the Tokuyama plant since the end of November 1988. This is the first commercial application of the Hitachi H-25 advanced gas turbine.

A Study of Cycle Performance of Ceramic Gas Turbines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sugishita ◽  
H. Mori ◽  
R. Chikami ◽  
Y. Tsukuda ◽  
S. Yoshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Combined Cycles ◽  
Cooling Air

A study has been carried out to assess the performance improvement of a combined cycle used for an industrial power plant when ceramic turbine components are employed. This paper presents the details of this study. Performance improvement is obtained as a result of reduced blade cooling air. In this study four different kinds of combined cycles were investigated and these are listed below: A. Combined cycle with a simple gas turbine. B. Combined cycle with an inter-cooled gas turbine. C. Combined cycle with a reheat gas turbine. D. Combined cycle with an inter-cooled reheat gas turbine. Results of this study indicate that the combined cycle with a simple gas turbine is the most practical of the four cycles studied with an efficiency of higher than 60%. The combined cycle with reheat gas turbine has the highest efficiency if a higher compressor exit air temperature and a high gas temperature (over 1000°C) to reheat the combustion system are used. A higher pressure ratio is required to optimize the cycle performance of the combined cycle with the ceramic turbine components than that with the metal turbine components because of reduced blade cooling air. To minimize leakage air for these higher pressure ratios, advanced seal technology should be applied to the gas turbines.

Optimal Operation of Cogeneration Plants With Steam-Injected Gas Turbines

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ito ◽  
R. Yokoyama ◽  
Y. Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Waste Heat Boiler ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Mathematical Programming Approach

The effect of introducing steam-injected gas turbines into cogeneration plants is investigated from economical and energy-saving aspects on the basis of a mathematical programming approach. An optimal planning method is first presented by which the operational strategy is assessed so as to minimize the hourly running cost. Then, a case study is carried out on a plant used for district heating and cooling. Through the study, it is ascertained that the proposed method is a useful tool for the operational planning of steam-injected gas turbine plants, and that these plants can be attractive from economical and energy-saving viewpoints as compared with both simple-cycle gas turbine plus waste heat boiler plants and conventional energy supply ones.

Modern opportunities for preparation of ultra-pure water for feeding high-performance boiler plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
A.A. Filimonova ◽  
◽  
N.D. Chichirova ◽  
A.A. Chichirov ◽  
A.A. Batalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Equipment

The article provides an overview of modern high-performance combined-cycle plants and gas turbine plants with waste heat boilers. The forecast for the introduction of gas turbine equipment at TPPs in the world and in Russia is presented. The classification of gas turbines according to the degree of energy efficiency and operational characteristics is given. Waste heat boilers are characterized in terms of design and associated performance and efficiency. To achieve high operating parameters of gas turbine and boiler equipment, it is necessary to use, among other things, modern water treatment equipment. The article discusses modern effective technologies, the leading place among which is occupied by membrane, and especially baromembrane methods of preparing feed water-waste heat boilers. At the same time, the ion exchange technology remains one of the most demanded at TPPs in the Russian Federation.

Numerical investigation of non-uniform flow in twin-silo combustors and impact on axial turbine stage performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 095765092199394
Author(s):  
Hafiz M Hassan ◽  
Adeel Javed ◽  
Asif H Khoja ◽  
Majid Ali ◽  
Muhammad B Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Turbine Stage ◽  
Flow Angle ◽  
Axial Turbine ◽  
Stage Performance

A clear understanding of the flow characteristics in the older generation of industrial gas turbines operating with silo combustors is important for potential upgrades. Non-uniformities in the form of circumferential and radial variations in internal flow properties can have a significant impact on the gas turbine stage performance and durability. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the underlying internal flow features involved in the advent of non-uniformities from twin-silo combustors and their propagation through a single axial turbine stage of the Siemens v94.2 industrial gas turbine. Results indicate the formation of strong vortical structures alongside large temperature, pressure, velocity, and flow angle deviations that are mostly located in the top and bottom sections of the turbine stage caused by the excessive flow turning in the upstream tandem silo combustors. A favorable validation of the simulated exhaust gas temperature (EGT) profile is also achieved via comparison with the measured data. A drop in isentropic efficiency and power output equivalent to 2.28% points and 2.1 MW, respectively is observed at baseload compared to an ideal straight hot gas path reference case. Furthermore, the analysis of internal flow topography identifies the underperforming turbine blading due to the upstream non-uniformities. The findings not only have implications for the turbine aerothermodynamic design, but also the combustor layout from a repowering perspective.

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Helium Closed-Cycle Gas Turbine for UAV Propulsion

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Osigwe ◽  
Arnold Gad-Briggs ◽  
Theoklis Nikolaidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Readiness Level ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Turbine Design

When selecting a design for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the choice of the propulsion system is vital in terms of mission requirements, sustainability, usability, noise, controllability, reliability and technology readiness level (TRL). This study analyses the various propulsion systems used in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), paying particular focus on the closed-cycle propulsion systems. The study also investigates the feasibility of using helium closed-cycle gas turbines for UAV propulsion, highlighting the merits and demerits of helium closed-cycle gas turbines. Some of the advantages mentioned include high payload, low noise and high altitude mission ability; while the major drawbacks include a heat sink, nuclear hazard radiation and the shield weight. A preliminary assessment of the cycle showed that a pressure ratio of 4, turbine entry temperature (TET) of 800 °C and mass flow of 50 kg/s could be used to achieve a lightweight helium closed-cycle gas turbine design for UAV mission considering component design constraints.

scholarly journals Methanol Dissociative Intercooling in Gas Turbines

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Bardon ◽  
J. A. C. Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Cycle Model ◽  
Optimum Pressure ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Compressor Work

This paper examines the possibility of injecting methanol into the compressor of a gas turbine, then dissociating it to carbon monoxide and hydrogen so as to cool the air and reduce the work of compression, while simultaneously increasing the fuel’s heating value. A theoretical analysis shows that there is a net reduction in compressor work resulting from this dissociative intercooling effect. Furthermore, by means of a computer cycle model, the effects of dissociation on efficiency and work per unit mass of airflow are predicted for both regenerated and unregenerated gas turbines. The effect on optimum pressure ratio is examined and practical difficulties likely to be encountered with such a system are discussed.

scholarly journals Thermo-economic analysis of an efficient lignite-fired power system integrated with flue gas fan mill pre-drying

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Yan ◽  
Xiaoqu Han ◽  
Jiahuan Wang ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Sotirios Karellas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Power System ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Energy Saving Potential

Lignite is a domestic strategic reserve of low rank coals in many countries for its abundant resource and competitive price. Combustion for power generation is still an important approach to its utilization. However, the high moisture content always results in low efficiencies of lignite-direct-fired power plants. Lignite pre-drying is thus proposed as an effective method to improve the energy efficiency. The present work focuses on the flue gas pre-dried lignite-fired power system (FPLPS), which is integrated with fan mill pulverizing system and waste heat recovery. The thermo-economic analysis model was developed to predict its energy saving potential at design conditions. The pre-drying upgrade factor was defined to express the coupling of pre-drying system with boiler system and the efficiency improvement effect. The energy saving potential of the FPLPS, when applied in a 600 MW supercritical power unit, was determined to be 1.48 %-pts. It was concluded that the improvement of boiler efficiency mainly resulted from the lowered boiler exhaust temperature after firing pre-dried low moisture content lignite and the lowered dryer exhaust gas temperature after pre-heating the boiler air supply. Keywords: lignite; pre-drying; thermodynamic analysis; thermo-economics

scholarly journals Performance of the Integrated Gas and Steam Cycle (IGSC) for Reheat Gas Turbines

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Takeya ◽  
Hajime Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Advanced Technologies

In 1978, the Japanese government started a national project for energy conservation called the Moonlight Project. The Engineering Research Association for Advanced Gas Turbines was selected to research and develop an advanced gas turbine for this project. The development stages were planned as follows: First, the development of a reheat gas turbine for a pilot plant (AGTJ-100A), and second, a prototype plant (AGTJ-100B). The AGTJ-100A has been undergoing performance tests since 1984 at the Sodegaura Power Station of the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (TEPCO). The inlet gas temperature of the high pressure turbine (HPT) of the AGTJ-100A is 1573K, while that of the AGTJ-100B is 100K higher. Therefore, various advanced technologies have to be applied to the AGTJ-100B HPT. Ceramic coating on the HPT blades is the most desirable of these technologies. In this paper, the present situation of development, as well as future R & D plans for ceramic coating, is taken into consideration. Steam blade cooling is applied for the IGSC.

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