Thermodynamic Analysis of Air-Cooled Gas Turbine Plants

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Khodak ◽  
G. A. Romakhova
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Open Steam ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant

At present high temperature, internally cooled gas turbines form the basis for the development of highly efficient plants for utility and industrial markets. Minimizing irreversibility of processes in all components of a gas turbine plant leads to greater plant efficiency. Turbine cooling, like all real processes, is an irreversible process and results in lost opportunity for producing work. Traditional tools based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics enable performance parameters of a plant to be evaluated, but they give no way of separating the losses due to cooling from the overall losses. This limitation arises from the fact that the two processes, expansion and cooling, go on simultaneously in the turbine. Part of the cooling losses are conventionally attributed to the turbine losses. This study was intended for the direct determination of lost work due to cooling. To this end, a cooled gas turbine plant has been treated as a work-producing thermodynamic system consisting of two systems that exchange heat with one another. The concepts of availability and exergy have been used in the analysis of such a system. The proposed approach is applicable to gas turbines with various types of cooling: open-air, closed-steam, and open-steam cooling. The open-air cooling technology has found the most wide application in current gas turbines. Using this type of cooling as an example, the potential of the developed method is shown. Losses and destructions of exergy in the conversion of the fuel exergy into work are illustrated by the exergy flow diagram.

scholarly journals Two-Stage Evaporative Inlet Air Gas Turbine Cooling

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1382
Author(s):  
Obida Zeitoun
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Vapor Compression ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Riyadh City ◽  
Vapor Compression Refrigeration ◽  
Gas Turbine Cooling

Gas turbine inlet air-cooling (TIAC) is an established technology for augmenting gas turbine output and efficiency, especially in hot regions. TIAC using evaporative cooling is suitable for hot, dry regions; however, the cooling is limited by the ambient wet-bulb temperature. This study investigates two-stage evaporative TIAC under the harsh weather of Riyadh city. The two-stage evaporative TIAC system consists of indirect and direct evaporative stages. In the indirect stage, air is precooled using water cooled in a cooling tower. In the direct stage, adiabatic saturation cools the air. This investigation was conducted for the GE 7001EA gas turbine model. Thermoflex software was used to simulate the GE 7001EA gas turbine using different TIAC systems including evaporative, two-stage evaporative, hybrid absorption refrigeration evaporative and hybrid vapor-compression refrigeration evaporative cooling systems. Comparisons of different performance parameters of gas turbines were conducted. The added annual profit and payback period were estimated for different TIAC systems.

Thermodynamic Study of Humid Air Gas Turbine Cycle Power Plants

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Yadav ◽  
P. Sreedhar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Thermodynamic Study ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The major challenges before the design engineers of a gas turbine plant and its variants are the enhancement of power output, substantial reduction in NOx emission and improvement in plant thermal efficiency. There are various possibilities to achieve these objectives and humid air gas turbine cycle power plant is one of them. The present study deals with the thermodynamic study of humid air gas turbine cycle power plants based on first law. Using the modeling and governing equations, the parametric study has been carried out. The results obtained will be helpful in designing the humid air gas turbines, which are used as peaking units. The comparison of performance of humid air gas turbine cycle shows that it is superior to basic gas turbine cycle but inferior and more complex to steam injected cycle.

scholarly journals Technical and economic assessment of the parameters of thermal schemes of thermal power plants with a hydrogen generator

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
G. E. Marin ◽  
B. M. Osipov ◽  
A. R. Akhmetshin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Unit ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Gas Turbine Unit ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant

THE PURPOSE. The study is aimed at studying the effect of fuel gases of various component composition on the environmental performance of the GE 6FA gas turbine unit. Consider using hydrogen as primary sweat to minimize emissions and improve performance of the GE 6FA gas turbine. METHODS. To achieve this goal, the ASGRET (Automated system for gas-dynamic calculations of power turbomachines) software package was used. RESULTS. The article discusses promising directions for the utilization of CO2 using highly efficient technologies with further use or disposal. A mathematical model of a GE 6FA gas turbine unit, diagrams of changes in the main characteristics and the composition of emissions when operating on various types of fuel, including hydrogen, are presented. CONCLUSION. The studies carried out show that a change in the component composition of the gas affects the energy characteristics of the engine. The method for determining the quantitative composition of COx, NOx, SOx in the exhaust gases of a gas turbine plant is presented. The transition to the reserve fuel kerosene leads to an increase in the amount of emissions, which must be taken into account when designing systems for capturing harmful emissions with a dual-fuel fuel gas supply system. The use of hydrogen as a fuel for gas turbines allows to reduce not only the cost of fuel preparation, but also to minimize emissions and improve the performance of the gas turbine plant.

The Basic Thermodynamics of Turbine Cooling

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Horlock
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Cooling Flows ◽  
Turbine Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant

Analyses of gas turbine plant performance, including the effects of turbine cooling, are presented. The thermal efficiencies are determined theoretically, assuming air standard (a/s) cycles, and the reductions in efficiency due to cooling are established; it is shown that these are small, unless large cooling flows are required. The theoretical estimates of efficiency reduction are compared with calculations, assuming that real gases form the working fluid in the gas turbine cycles. It is shown from a/s analysis that there are diminishing returns on efficiency as combustion temperature is increased; for real gases there appears to be a limit on this maximum temperature for maximum thermal efficiency.

A Thermo-Environmental Evaluation of a Modified Combustion Gas Turbine Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
M. A. Habib ◽  
Keshavendra Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

This paper reports the comprehensive thermodynamic modeling of a modified combustion gas turbine plant where Brayton refrigeration cycle was employed for inlet air cooling along with evaporative after cooling. Exergetic evaluation was combined with the emission computation to ascertain the effects of operating variables like extraction pressure ratio, extracted mass rate, turbine inlet temperature (TIT), ambient relative humidity, and mass of injected water on the thermo-environmental performance of the gas turbine cycle. Investigation of the proposed gas turbine cycle revealed an exergetic output of 33%, compared to 29% for base case. Proposed modification in basic gas turbine shows a drastic reduction in cycle's exergy loss from 24% to 3% with a considerable decrease in the percentage of local irreversibility of the compressor from 5% to 3% along with a rise in combustion irreversibility from 19% to 21%. The environmental advantage of adding evaporative after cooling to gas turbine cycle along with inlet air cooling can be seen from the significant reduction of NOx from 40 g/kg of fuel to 1 × 10−9 g/kg of fuel with the moderate increase of CO concentration from 36 g/kg of fuel to 99 g/kg of fuel when the fuel–air equivalence ratio reduces from 1.0 to 0.3. Emission assessment further reveals that the increase in ambient relative humidity from 20% to 80% causes a considerable reduction in NOx concentration from 9.5 to 5.8 g/kg of fuel while showing a negligible raise in CO concentration from 4.4 to 5.0 g/kg of fuel.

Design of a Multivariable Neural Controller and Its Application to Gas Turbines

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-567
Author(s):  
Q. Song ◽  
M. J. Grimble
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Neural Controller ◽  
Turbine Plant ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Gas Turbine Plant ◽  
Multivariable Controller ◽  
Compensation Signal

The algorithm for a multivariable controller using neural network is based on a discrete-time fixed controller and the neural network provides a compensation signal to suppress the nonlinearity. The multivariable neural controller is easy to train and applied to an aircraft gas turbine plant.

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