Influence of the Exhaust System Design on Scavenging Characteristic and Emissions of a Four-Cylinder Supercharged Engine

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-561
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Trenc ◽  
Francˇisˇek Bizjan ◽  
Brane Sˇirok ◽  
Alesˇ Hribernik
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Good Utilization ◽  
System A ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Valve Overlap ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions ◽  
Fresh Charge

A four-stroke four-cylinder turbocharged engine can be fitted with two different types exhaust system: a simple common manifold fed by all cylinders, or a twin-branch manifold, where two selected cylinders, directed by the firing order, feed two separate turbine entries. In this case good utilization of the exhaust pressure pulse energy can be achieved at higher loads and lower engine speeds, leading to good overall turbocharger efficiency and favorable pressure distribution during the gas-exchange period. Improved engine scavenging capability affects quality and quantity of the fresh charge and consequently influences the exhaust gas emissions. If, in addition, valve overlap period is increased the benefit of this system is still more evident. Common manifold exhaust system shows its advantage through lower pumping losses at higher engine speeds and lower loads. Both systems were optimized and the results of numerical and experimental work are presented in the paper. [S0742-4795(00)00404-X]

Influence of the Exhaust System on Performance of a 4-Cylinder Supercharged Engine

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Trenc ◽  
F. Bizjan ◽  
A. Hribernik
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Good Utilization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Radial Turbines ◽  
Manifold System ◽  
Four Cylinders

Twin entry radial turbines are mostly used to drive compressors of small and medium size 6-cylinder diesel engines where the available energy of the undisturbed exhaust pulses can be efficiently used to drive the turbine of a turbocharger. Three selected cylinders feed two separated manifold branches and two turbine inlets and prevent negative interaction of pressure waves and its influence on the scavenging process of the individual cylinders. In the case of a four-stroke, 4-cylinder engine, two selected cylinders, directed by the firing order, can be connected to one (of the two) separated manifold branches that feeds one turbine entry. Good utilization of the pressure pulse energy, together with typically longer periods of reduced exhaust flow can lead to good overall efficiency of the “two-pulse” system. Sometimes this system can be superior to the single manifold system with four cylinders connected to one singleentry turbine. The paper describes advantages and disadvantages of the above described exhaust systems applied to a turbocharged and aftercooled 4-cylinder Diesel engine. Comparisons supported by the analyses of the numerical and experimental results are also given in the presented paper.

Calculation of Exhaust Gas Heat Produce for Ron 95, Ron97 and Vpower Racing Base Fuels use in Internal Combustion Engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.B. Lias ◽  
H.B. Sharudin ◽  
M.H.B. Ismail ◽  
A.M.I.B. Mamat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Exhaust Temperature ◽  
Different Types

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the calculation of exhaust gas heat produce (EGHP) in internal combustion engine (ICE) based on three types of fuel used specifically Petrol Ron 95, Petrol Ron 97 and Vpower racing base. The experimental test rig has used 1.6 CamPro Proton engine with 1561cc capacity and dynamometer. The calculation has used the basic formula of heat transfer equation and heat loss through the exhaust that included the mass flow rate of exhaust gas, specific heat of exhaust gas and temperature gradient. The exhaust temperature of ICE is generally in range from 400C to 600C and exhaust gas heat transfer affects the emissions burn-up in the exhaust system. This contributes significantly to the engine requirement. The experimental data was statistically analysed to identify the unknown parameter. High correlation of data variables can be determined based on the heat loss produced or EGHP. This also has significance by using different types of fuel in ICE.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on the Performance and NOx Emission Characteristics of an 800cc MPI Turbocharged SI Engine

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7419
Author(s):  
Seungmin Kim ◽  
Jaesam Shim ◽  
Youngsoo Cho ◽  
Back-Sub Sung ◽  
Jungsoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Valve Overlap ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

The main purpose of this study is to optimize engine performance and emission characteristics of off-road engines with retarded spark timing compared to MBT by repurposing the existing passenger engine. This study uses a one-dimensional (1D)-simulation to develop a non-road gasoline MPI turbo engine. The SI turbulent flame model of the GT-suite, an operational performance predictable program, presents turbocharger matching and optimal operation design points. To optimize the engine performance, the SI turbulent model uses three operation parameters: spark timing, intake valve overlap, and boost pressure. Spark timing determines the initial state of combustion and thermal efficiency, and is the main variable of the engine. The maximum brake torque (MBT) point can be identified for spark timing, and abnormal combustion phenomena, such as knocking, can be identified. Spark timing is related to engine performance, and emissions of exhaust pollutants are predictable. If the spark timing is set to variables, the engine performance and emissions can be confirmed and predicted. The intake valve overlap can predict the performance and exhaust gas by controlling the airflow and combustion chamber flow, and can control the performance of the engine by controlling the flow in the cylinder. In addition, a criterion can be set to consider the optimum operating point of the non-road vehicle while investigating the performance and exhaust gas emissions accompanying changes in boost pressure With these parameters, the design of experiment (DoE) of the 1D-simulation is performed, and the driving performance and knocking phenomenon for each RPM are predicted during the wide open throttle (WOT) of the gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The multi-objective Pareto technique is also used to optimize engine performance and exhaust gas emissions, and to present optimized design points for the target engine, the downsized gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The results of the Pareto optimal solution showed a maximum torque increase of 12.78% and a NOx decrease of 54.31%.

scholarly journals Influence of Innovative Woodchipper Speed Control Systems on Exhaust Gas Emissions and Fuel Consumption in Urban Areas

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Warguła ◽  
Mateusz Kukla ◽  
Piotr Lijewski ◽  
Michał Dobrzyński ◽  
Filip Markiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
System A ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

This paper discusses the determination of fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions when shredding branches in urban areas. It aimed to determine the hourly emission of exhaust gases to the atmosphere during such work and to identify the designs that can reduce it. The research was carried out with a cylinder woodchipper driven by a low-power (9.5 kW) combustion engine. There were three configurations of the tested drive unit: The factory setting (A) with a carburettor fuel supply system, modernized by us to include an electronic injection system (B). This system (B) was expanded with an adaptation system patented by the authors (P. 423369), thus creating the third configuration (C). The research was carried out when shredding cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh. Beitr. Naturk. 4:17. 1789 (Gartenkalender 4:189-204. 1784)) branches with a diameter of 80 mm, which presented a large load for the machine. The machine was operated by one experienced operator. The average operating conditions during the tests were as follows: Branch delivery frequency of about 4 min−1 and mass flow rate of about 0.72 t h−1. During the tests with the use of PEMS (portable emissions measurement system, here Axion RS from Global MRV), we analyzed the emissions of compounds, such as CO, CO2, HC, and NOx, and determined the fuel consumption based on the carbon balance. The research showed that the use of an injection system (B) reduced fuel consumption from 1.38 to 1.29 l h−1 (by 6.7%) when compared to the carburettor system (A). Modernization of the injection system (B) with an adaptive system (C) reduced fuel consumption from 1.38 to 0.91 l h−1 (by 34%) when compared to the carburettor system (A). An hour of shredding with a cylinder chopper emits the following amounts of flue gases: design A (HC 0.013 kg h−1; CO 0.24 kg h−1; CO2 2.91 kg h−1; NOx 0.0036 kg h−1), design B (HC 0.0061 kg h−1; CO 0.20 kg h−1; CO2 2.77 kg h−1; NOx 0.0038 kg h−1), and design C (HC 0.017 kg h−1; CO 0.22 kg h−1; CO2 1.79 kg h−1; NOx 0.0030 kg h−1). The adaptive system entails significant reductions in non-HC emissions, which indicates that the system needs to be improved with respect to fuel-air mixture control for its enrichment of the low-to-high-speed change. The admissible emission limits for harmful compounds in exhaust gas for the tested group of propulsion units are in accordance with the provisions in force in the European Union from 2019 for the tested propulsion units during operation, with a full CO load about 6100 g h−1 and HC + NOx about 80 g h−1. The tested propulsion units emitted significantly less pollution under real operating conditions (because they did not work under full load throughout the entire test sample).

REMANIT 4509

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Purification ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Scale Resistance ◽  
High Degree

Abstract REMANIT 4509 was developed specially for silencers and exhaust gas purification plants. Due to its composition, this steel exhibits scale resistance up to 950 C and a high degree of corrosion resistance to the gases occurring in the exhaust system. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-613. Producer or source: Thyssen Stahl AG.

THE CHANCES FOR REDUCTION OF VIBRATIONS IN MECHANICAL SYSTEM WITH LOW-EMISSION SHIPS COMBUSTION ENGINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 157 (A4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Grega ◽  
J Homišin ◽  
M Puškár ◽  
J Kul’ka ◽  
J Petróci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical System ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions ◽  
Engine Power

Development of diesel engines is focused on reduction of exhaust gas emissions, increase of efficiency of the fuel mixture combustion and decrease of fuel consumption. Such engines are referred to as low-emission engines. Low- engines trends bring higher engine power outputs, torques and also increase of vibrations and noisiness level. In order to reduce these vibrations of diesel engines, it is necessary to apply different dynamical elements, which are able to increase an adverse impact of exciting amplitudes. One of the results is application of a pneumatic dual-mass flywheel. The pneumatic dual-mass flywheel is a dynamical element that consists of two masses (the primary and the secondary mass), which are jointed together by means of a flexible interconnection. This kind of the flywheel solution enables to change resonance areas of the mechanical system which consequently leads to reduction of vibrations.

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