Structure, Mechanics and Failure of Stochastic Fibrous Networks: Part II—Network Simulations and Application

C. W. Wang; A. M. Sastry

doi:10.1115/1.1288768

Structure, Mechanics and Failure of Stochastic Fibrous Networks: Part I—Microscale Considerations

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.1288769 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 122 (4) ◽

pp. 450-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

C. W. Wang ◽

L. Berhan ◽

A. M. Sastry

Keyword(s):

Load Transfer ◽

Nonlinear Behavior ◽

Polymeric Composite ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Failure Criteria ◽

Zone Model ◽

Fibrous Materials ◽

Linear Solution ◽

Model Complex ◽

Computationally Intensive

Applications for porous fibrous materials range from electrochemical substrates to web reinforcement in polymeric composite materials. The details of local load transfer are studied in a class of cost-effective, stochastic fibrous networks used in battery applications, which form the substrate for a composite electrode. The connectivity of these materials is quantitatively related to modulus and strength, and detailed results of different simulations approaches in approximating material construction are discussed. In Part I, we discuss microscale assumptions, including beam type, nodal connections and equivalence of models to more physically realistic models. Simulation of large networks is computationally intensive, and show low-strain, nonlinear behavior even when comprised of elastic elements when failure criteria (here, strength-of-materials) are applied to produce sequential rupture of beams and nodes. Strategies for effective simulation of these materials requires detailed analysis of the simplest assumptions which can be made at the microscale which produce acceptably realistic response. We show that simple Euler-Bernoulli beam elements can be used to effectively model such materials, even when segment lengths in a network are very small. Moreover, connections comprised of simple torsion springs produce realistic behavior, and can mimic more realistic junctures by adaptation of the linear solution to a compliant zone model. In Part II of this work, we demonstrate the effect of model selection on full network behavior, and also discuss issues of connectivity at the scale of the porous material rather than element-by-element. This work points toward use of simple constructions to model complex behavior, and may ultimately provide insight into modeling of a large class of porous materials. [S0094-4289(00)01704-7]

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Real-time modeling of retractable self-launching glider using spreadsheets

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology ◽

10.1108/aeat-05-2014-0076 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 791-796

Author(s):

Yasser A. Nogoud ◽

Attie Jonker ◽

Shuhaimi Mansor ◽

A.A.A. Abuelnuor

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

High Performance ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Content Type ◽

Spreadsheet Model ◽

Time Modeling ◽

Model Complex ◽

Effective Development ◽

And Control

Purpose This paper aims to propose a spreadsheet method for modeling and simulation of a retraction system mechanism for the retractable self-launching system for a high-performance glider. Design/methodology/approach More precisely, the method is based on parametric link design using Excel spreadsheets. Findings This method can be used for kinematic and dynamic analysis, graphical plotting and allows simulation of control kinematics with the ability to make quick and easy parametric changes to a design. It also has the ability to calculate the loads imposed on each component in the control system as a function of input loads and position. Practical implications This paper shows that it is possible to model complex control systems quickly and easily using spreadsheet programs already owned by most small companies. The spreadsheet model is a parametric model, and it gives a simple visual presentation of the control system with interactive movement and control by the user. Originality/value This spreadsheet model in conjunction with a simple CAD program enables the rapid and cost-effective development of control system components.

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Insight into Invasive Species (Mikania micrantha), Its Control Measures and Programmes in Nepal

The Initiation ◽

10.3126/init.v4i0.5544 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 115-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajan P Paudel

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Control Measures ◽

Mikania Micrantha ◽

Biodiversity Crisis ◽

Chitwan National Park ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Life On Earth ◽

Insight Into ◽

Methods Of Control

Invasive species adversely affects the ecology and habitat of the species existing in a particular region. They are one of the top threats to the biodiversity of life on Earth. Mikania micrantha is spreading like a wildfire in Nepal whose effect on Rhino habitat is being studied in Chitwan National Park. Various mechanical, chemical and biological methods of control for Mikania are available. It's likely to be more cost effective to prevent the spread of invasive species in the first place than to tackle the biodiversity crisis once they have become established.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v4i0.5544The Initiation Vol.4 2011 115-119

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Population Genomic- and Phylogenomic-Enabled Advances to Increase Insight Into Pathogen Biology and Epidemiology

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-11-20-0528-fi ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Remco Stam ◽

Pierre Gladieux ◽

Boris A. Vinatzer ◽

Erica M. Goss ◽

Neha Potnis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Genetics ◽

Population Genomics ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Genome Data ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Population Genomic ◽

High Throughput Dna Sequencing ◽

Opening Up ◽

Insight Into

Population genetics has been a key discipline in phytopathology for many years. The recent rise in cost-effective, high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies, allows sequencing of dozens, if not hundreds of specimens, turning population genetics into population genomics and opening up new, exciting opportunities as described in this Focus Issue . Without the limitations of genetic markers and the availability of whole or near whole-genome data, population genomics can give new insights into the biology, evolution and adaptation, and dissemination patterns of plant-associated microbes.

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A strategy for near-term success using knowledge-based systems

The Knowledge Engineering Review ◽

10.1017/s026988890000093x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 179-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. C. Laufmann

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Specific Data ◽

Knowledge Based System ◽

Data Intensive ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Effective Manner ◽

Near Term ◽

Characteristic Features ◽

Insight Into

AbstractKnowledge-based System (KBS) technologies have been applied to a variety of knowledge-related tasks with varying degrees of success. Differentiating among classes of knowledge-related tasks, based on the amounts of problem-solving knowledge and case-specific data involved, can provide valuable insight into why this occurs. Based on this comparison, four classes of problems are described. One class, of data-intensive tasks, includes problem types that are difficult or impossible for humans to perform, yet may be solved in a cost-effective manner using currently accessible KBS technology. The characteristic features of problems in this class are given, together with an example of a successfully fielded knowledge-based system that solves a problem from this class.

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Study of Real-Time Cardiac Monitoring System

Wearable Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-5484-4.ch010 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 188-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Uma Arun ◽

Natarajan Sriraam

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cardiac Monitoring ◽

Diagnostic Quality ◽

Ecg Signals ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Primary Advantage ◽

Insight Into

Today's healthcare technology provides promising solutions to cater to the needs of patients. The development of wearable physiological monitoring system has reached home-centric patients by ensuring faster healthcare services. The primary advantage of this system is activation of alarms to alert the specialist in a nearby hospital to attend to any sort of emergency. Specifically, cardiac-related problems need special attention when a 24-hour Holter monitors ECG signals and identifies the level of abnormalities under various circumstances. Although several brands of Holters exist in market, there is a huge demand for digitized Holter recorders. These recorders can simultaneously analyse cardiac signals in real time mode and store the data and reuse them for next 24 hours. As home-centric based wearable cardiac monitoring system gains much attention recently, there is a need to design and develop a cardiac monitoring system by establishing a trade-off between the required clinical diagnostic quality and cost. This research study highlights a comprehensive survey of various cardiac monitoring systems under wire, wireless and wearable modes. This provides an insight into the need of the hour in bringing a cost-effective wearable system. The study provides an insight of the technological aspects of the existing cardiac monitoring system and suggests a viable design suitable for developing countries.

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A Polymeric Composite Material (rGO/PANI) for Acid Blue 129 Adsorption

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12051051 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1051 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomasz Kukulski ◽

Stanisław Wacławek ◽

Daniele Silvestri ◽

Kamil Krawczyk ◽

Vinod V. T. Padil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Composite Material ◽

Polymeric Composite ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Polymeric Composite Material ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Reduced Graphene ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Industrial Compounds ◽

Acid Blue 129 ◽

Acid Blue

Over the years, polyaniline (PANI) has received enormous attention due to its unique properties. Herein, it was chosen to develop a new polymeric composite material: reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline (rGO/PANI). The composite was prepared by a simple and cost-effective fabrication method of formation by mixing and sonication in various conditions. The obtained materials were characterized and identified using various techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman and ATR–FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The objective of the paper was to confirm its applicability for the removal of contaminants from water. Water could be contaminated by various types of pollutants, e.g., inorganics, heavy metals, and many other industrial compounds, including dyes. We confirmed that the Acid Blue 129 dyes can be substantially removed through adsorption on prepared rGO/PANI. The adsorption kinetic data were modeled using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models and the adsorption isotherm model was identified.

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Socket preservation by beta-tri-calcium phosphate with collagen compared to platelet-rich fibrin: A clinico-radiographic study

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.178298 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (02) ◽

pp. 264-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Swati Das ◽

Rajesh Jhingran ◽

Vivek Kumar Bains ◽

Rohit Madan ◽

Ruchi Srivastava ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cortical Plate ◽

Socket Preservation ◽

Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽

Tissue Replacement ◽

Group I ◽

The Mean ◽

Group Ii ◽

Insight Into

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study was primarily designed to determine the clinico-radiographic efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and beta-tri-calcium phosphate with collagen (β-TCP-Cl) in preserving extraction sockets. Materials and Methods: For Group I (PRF), residual sockets (n = 15) were filled with autologous PRF obtained from patients’ blood; and for Group II (β-TCP-Cl), residual sockets (n = 15) were filled with β-TCP-Cl. For the sockets randomly selected for Group II (β-TCP-Cl), the reshaped Resorbable Tissue Replacement cone was inserted into the socket. Results: Clinically, there was a significantly greater decrease in relative socket depth, but apposition in midcrestal height in Group II (β-TCP-Cl) as compared to Group I (PRF), whereas more decrease in buccolingual width of Group I (PRF) than Group II (β-TCP-Cl) after 6 months. Radiographically, the mean difference in socket height, residual ridge, and width (coronal, middle, and apical third of socket) after 6 months was higher in Group I (PRF) as compared to Group II (β-TCP-Cl). The mean density (in Hounsfield Units) at coronal, middle, and apical third of socket was higher in Group I (PRF) as compared to Group II (β-TCP-Cl). There were statistically significant apposition and resorption for Group I (PRF) whereas nonsignificant resorption and significant apposition for Group II (β-TCP-Cl) in buccal and lingual/palatal cortical plate, respectively, at 6 months on computerized tomography scan. Conclusion: The use of either autologous PRF or β-TCP-Cl was effective in socket preservation. Results obtained from PRF were almost similar to β-TCP-Cl; therefore being autologous, nonimmune, cost-effective, easily procurable regenerative biomaterial, PRF proves to be an insight into the future biofuel for regeneration.

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Evaluating the Authenticity of Virtual Environments: Comparison of Three Devices

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction ◽

10.1155/2016/2937632 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Aila Kronqvist ◽

Jussi Jokinen ◽

Rebekah Rousi

Keyword(s):

Virtual Environments ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Simulator Sickness ◽

Quality Of Results ◽

Immersive Virtual Environments ◽

Head Mounted Display ◽

Immersive Virtual Environment ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Insight Into

Immersive virtual environments (VEs) have the potential to provide novel cost effective ways for evaluating not only new environments and usability scenarios, but also potential user experiences. To achieve this, VEs must be adequately realistic. The level of perceived authenticity can be ascertained by measuring the levels of immersion people experience in their VE interactions. In this paper the degree of authenticity is measured via anauthenticity indexin relation to three different immersive virtual environment devices. These devices include (1) a headband, (2) 3D glasses, and (3) a head-mounted display (HMD). A quick scale for measuring immersion, feeling of control, and simulator sickness was developed and tested. The HMD proved to be the most immersive device, although the headband was demonstrated as being a more stable environment causing the least simulator sickness. The results have design implication as they provide insight into specific factors which make experience in a VE seem more authentic to users. The paper emphasizes that, in addition to the quality of the VE, focus needs to be placed on ergonomic factors such as the weight of the devices, as these may compromise the quality of results obtained when examining studying human-technology interaction in a VE.

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Temporal derivative computation in the dorsal raphe network revealed by an experimentally-driven augmented integrate-and-fire modeling framework

10.1101/2021.06.25.449907 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Emerson F Harkin ◽

Alexandre Payeur ◽

Michael B Lynn ◽

Jean-François Boucher ◽

Léa Caya-Bissonnette ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dorsal Raphe ◽

Modeling Framework ◽

Computational Framework ◽

Integrate And Fire ◽

Adaptation Mechanisms ◽

Temporal Derivative ◽

Network Simulations ◽

Insight Into ◽

Excitatory Drive ◽

Dorsal Raphé

By means of an expansive innervation, the relatively few phylogenetically-old serotonin (5-HT) neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) are positioned to enact coordinated modulation of circuits distributed across the entire brain in order to adaptively regulate behavior. In turn, the activity of the DRN is driven by a broad set of excitatory inputs, yet the resulting network computations that naturally emerge from the excitability and connectivity features of the various cellular elements of the DRN are still unknown. To gain insight into these computations, we developed a flexible experimental and computational framework based on a combination of automatic characterization and network simulations of augmented generalized integrate-and-fire (aGIF) single-cell models. This approach enabled the examination of causal relationships between specific excitability features and identified population computations. We found that feedforward inhibition of 5-HT neurons by heterogeneous DRN somatostatin (SOM) neurons implemented divisive inhibition, while endocannabinoid-mediated modulation of excitatory drive to the DRN increased the gain of 5-HT output. The most striking computation that arose from this work was the ability of 5-HT output to linearly encode the derivative of the excitatory inputs to the DRN. This network computation primarily emerged from the prominent adaptation mechanisms found in 5-HT neurons, including a previously undescribed dynamic threshold. This novel computation in the DRN provides a potential mechanism underlying some of the functions recently ascribed to 5-HT in the context of reinforcement learning.

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