Head and Neck Injury Risk Criteria-Based Robust Design for Vehicular Crashworthiness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Balu Nellippallil ◽  
Parker R. Berthelson ◽  
Luke Peterson ◽  
Raj Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Risk Criteria ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Head and Neck Injury Risk Criteria-Based Robust Design for Vehicular Crashworthiness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Balu Nellippallil ◽  
Parker R. Berthelson ◽  
Luke Peterson ◽  
Raj K. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Head And Neck Injury ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Government agencies, globally, often strive to minimize the risk of human death and serious injury on road transport systems. Multi-national projects like Vision Zero have been developed with this objective in mind. Therefore, from an engineering design standpoint, the minimization of these road impact effects on occupants becomes a major design goal. This necessitates a need to quantify and manage injury risks on the human body in terms of different vehicular impact variables and their associated uncertainties for different crash scenarios. In this paper, we present a decision-based robust design framework to quantify and manage the impact-based injury risks on occupants for different computational model-based car crash scenarios. The key functionality offered is the designer’s capability to carry out robust design studies with a focus on managing the selected impact variables and associated uncertainties, such that injury risks are controlled within acceptable levels. The efficacy of the framework is tested for near side impact scenarios with impact velocity and angle of impact as the critical variables of interest. Two injury criteria, namely, Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Lateral Neck Injury Criteria (Lateral Nij) are selected to quantitatively measure the head and neck injury risks in crash simulations. Using the framework, a robust design problem is formulated to explore the combination of impact variables that best satisfice the injury goals defined. The framework and associated design constructs are generic and support the formulation and decision-based robust design of vehicle impact scenarios for managing injury risks.

HEAD AND NECK INJURY RISK IN HOCKEY PLAYERS WEARING FULL VERSUS HALF SHIELDS: PRELIMINARY DATA

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Benson ◽  
W. H. Meeuwisse ◽  
N. G.H. Mohtadi ◽  
S. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Effect of wheelchair headrest use on pediatric head and neck injury risk outcomes during rear impact

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595-1603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan I. Fuhrman ◽  
Patricia E. Karg ◽  
Gina E. Bertocci
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Boxing and mixed martial arts: preliminary traumatic neuromechanical injury risk analyses from laboratory impact dosage data

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Bartsch ◽  
Edward C. Benzel ◽  
Vincent J. Miele ◽  
Douglas R. Morr ◽  
Vikas Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Linear Acceleration ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Risk Parameters ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Object In spite of ample literature pointing to rotational and combined impact dosage being key contributors to head and neck injury, boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA) padding is still designed to primarily reduce cranium linear acceleration. The objects of this study were to quantify preliminary linear and rotational head impact dosage for selected boxing and MMA padding in response to hook punches; compute theoretical skull, brain, and neck injury risk metrics; and statistically compare the protective effect of various glove and head padding conditions. Methods An instrumented Hybrid III 50th percentile anthropomorphic test device (ATD) was struck in 54 pendulum impacts replicating hook punches at low (27–29 J) and high (54–58 J) energy. Five padding combinations were examined: unpadded (control), MMA glove–unpadded head, boxing glove–unpadded head, unpadded pendulum–boxing headgear, and boxing glove–boxing headgear. A total of 17 injury risk parameters were measured or calculated. Results All padding conditions reduced linear impact dosage. Other parameters significantly decreased, significantly increased, or were unaffected depending on padding condition. Of real-world conditions (MMA glove–bare head, boxing glove–bare head, and boxing glove–headgear), the boxing glove–headgear condition showed the most meaningful reduction in most of the parameters. In equivalent impacts, the MMA glove–bare head condition induced higher rotational dosage than the boxing glove–bare head condition. Finite element analysis indicated a risk of brain strain injury in spite of significant reduction of linear impact dosage. Conclusions In the replicated hook punch impacts, all padding conditions reduced linear but not rotational impact dosage. Head and neck dosage theoretically accumulates fastest in MMA and boxing bouts without use of protective headgear. The boxing glove–headgear condition provided the best overall reduction in impact dosage. More work is needed to develop improved protective padding to minimize linear and rotational impact dosage and develop next-generation standards for head and neck injury risk.

Comparison of High and Low Speed Rear-Impact Head and Neck Injury Risk Measures Related to Occupant Size and Vehicle Seat Strength Characteristics

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Saczalski ◽  
Mark C. Pozzi ◽  
Joseph Lawson Burton
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Child Injury ◽  
Small Female ◽  
Factorial Method ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

This study demonstrates the use of efficient inferred statistical “factorial methods” for scientifically evaluating, with a relatively few tests, the rear-impact occupant “head and neck injury risk” performance of 2 different types of vehicle front seats, with adjustable headrests, when various size occupants are subjected to high and low impact severities. The 2 seat types studied included the stronger “belt-integrated seat” (BIS) designs, with restraints attached and having strength levels beyond 14 kN, and the more common but weaker single recliner (SR) seats, without attached restraints and having only about 3.2 kN strength. Sled-body-buck systems and full vehicle to barrier tests were run with “matched pairs” of surrogates in the 2 seat types at speed changes of 12.5 to 50 kph. Three sizes of Hybrid-III adult surrogates (i.e. 52 kg small female, 80 kg average male, and an average male surrogate ballasted to about 110 kg) were used in the evaluations. Also, some tests were run with 6 year-old Hybrid-III child surrogates located behind the front seats due to interest in potential child injury from collapsing front seats. The 2-level factorial method, combined with a biomechanical ratio comparison and a “student-t” test evaluation, were used to compare safety performance of the 2 seat designs. The resulting data analysis indicates that, in the mid to high range of rear impact severity (i.e. 20 to 50 kph), the stronger BIS seat systems tend to provide greatly improved “head-neck” protection over the weaker SR type seats for both the front seated adult occupants and rear seated children. At the low range of impact severity (i.e. 12.5 to 19 kph) there was no significant statistical difference between either seat types, except that the headrests of both could be improved.

Neonatal Nasal Tip Necrosis Secondary to Suspected In Utero Pressure/Positioning

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110342
Author(s):  
Megan J. Natali ◽  
Madeleine K. Bruce ◽  
Miles J. Pfaff ◽  
Jesse A. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Birth Trauma ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Head and neck injury as a consequence of in utero pressure and birth trauma is a rare event. We report a case of a patient who was born full-term via vaginal delivery and presented soon after birth with skin changes over the nasal tip consistent with a pressure-related injury that progressed to a stable eschar. Conservative management with close clinical monitoring resulted in a well-healed wound over the nasal tip. A detailed discussion regarding the diagnosis and management of head and neck lesions after birth is provided.

scholarly journals Head and neck injury risks in heavy metal: head bangers stuck between rock and a hard bass

BMJ ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 337 (dec17 2) ◽  
pp. a2825-a2825 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Patton ◽  
A. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Metal Head ◽  
Head And Neck Injury
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