scholarly journals Digital Dutch Archaeology: Future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hella Hollander ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Formal Quality ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Set Up

Digital archaeology in the Netherlands is connected with investments in a new large-scale and innovative Dutch research infrastructure for the next 10 years. Priorities are set to combine forces at a national level in order to contribute to the international position of the Netherlands as a 'knowledge country'. Researchers need to coordinate and collaborate even more to set up a FAIR enabling data infrastructure with limited resources. Regarding the archaeological discipline, the use of formal quality standards and legislation that certifies archaeological organisations to carry out archaeological work improves national collaboration and stimulates the digital workflow. DANS is the dedicated national repository for archaeology in the Netherlands and is launching the Data Station Archaeology, a repository meeting the latest technological standards. Finding and sharing data of high quality facilitates knowledge of archaeological discoveries; a flourishing open access trend in Dutch archaeology stimulates a strong growth in the use of data. To keep up with innovative developments, a growing community of archaeologists and other specialists are working together in international projects to secure the future of European Archaeology.

scholarly journals THE CIPA DATABASE FOR SAVING THE HERITAGE OF SYRIA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Silver ◽  
Fulvio Rinaudo ◽  
Emanuele Morezzi ◽  
Francesca Quenda ◽  
Maria Laura Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Open Access Database ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
Set Up

CIPA is contributing with its technical knowledge in saving the heritage of Syria by constructing an open access database based on the data that the CIPA members have collected during various projects in Syria over the years before the civil war in the country broke out in 2011. In this way we wish to support the protection and preservation of the environment, sites, monuments, and artefacts and the memory of the cultural region that has been crucial for the human past and the emergence of civilizations. Apart from the countless human atrocities and loss, damage, destruction and looting of the cultural heritage have taken place in a large scale. The CIPA’s initiative is one of the various international projects that have been set up after the conflict started. The Directorate-General of the Antiquities and Museums (DGAM) of Syria as well as UNESCO with its various sub-organizations have been central in facing the challenges during the war. Digital data capture, storage, use and dissemination are in the heart of CIPA’s strategies in recording and documenting cultural heritage, also in Syria. It goes without saying that for the conservation and restoration work the high quality data providing metric information is of utmost importance.

Competitive consensus: bargaining on employment and competitiveness in the Netherlands

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rien Huiskamp ◽  
Maarten van Riemsdijk
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
National Level ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Set Up ◽  
National Framework ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Empirical Insight

This article shows how bargaining on the conflicting issues of fighting unemployment and increasing competitiveness has evolved. It offers an empirical insight into the degree to which the national framework agreements that form part of the now famous Dutch polder model are implemented. At the national level framework agreements are set up and recommendations are made on a wide range of issues. It is shown that these are then interpreted and partly adopted by negotiators at lower collective bargaining levels. At company level, three cases illustrate differences in the degree to which companies implement the outcomes of collective agreements: from ‘dedicated follower’ to ‘rebels with a cause'. Looking at the evidence, it seems the Dutch have experienced a form of organised decentralisation.

scholarly journals A Unique Research Data Infrastructure for Educational Research and Beyond: The National Educational Panel Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 236 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fuß ◽  
Jutta von Maurice ◽  
Hans-Günther Roßbach
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThe article provides an insight into the conceptual and methodological framework as well as the research data infrastructure of the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). The NEPS study has been set up to build a profound empirical basis for the description and analysis of educational processes and competence development across the life span. Its large-scale database consists of longitudinal information from more than 60,000 target respondents – distributed over six different starting cohorts ranging from newborns to adults – and from relevant context persons such as parents or teachers. The complex multicohort sequence design schedules annual or even semiannual survey waves including a broad spectrum of competence assessments. All data are thoroughly prepared, documented, and disseminated free of charge in the form of regularly expanded Scientific Use Files. In addition to some background information about NEPS in general, this paper primarily focuses on issues of data collection, data structure, data availability, and the requirements for different types of data access. The number of more than 1,000 data users involved in over 700 research projects so far serves to highlight the potential of NEPS as a unique research data infrastructure for educational research and beyond.

scholarly journals COVID-19: One-month impact of the French lockdown on the epidemic burden

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Roux ◽  
Clément Massonnaud ◽  
Pascal Crépey
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Hospital Deaths ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
French Hospital ◽  
Set Up

1AbstractOn March 16 2020, French authorities ordered a large scale lockdown to counter the COVID-19 epidemic wave rising in the country, stopping non-essential economic, educational, and entertainment activities, maintaining mainly food retailers and healthcare institutions. One month later, the number of new hospitalizations and ICU admissions had reached a plateau and were beginning a slow descent.We developed a spatialized, deterministic, age-structured, and compartmental SARS-CoV-2 transmission model able to reproduce the pre-lockdown dynamic of the epidemic in each of the 13 French metropolitan regions. Thanks to this model, we estimate, at regional and national levels, the total number of hospitalizations, ICU admissions, hospital beds requirements (hospitalization and ICU), and hospital deaths which may have been prevented by this massive and unprecedented intervention in France.If no control measures had been set up, between March 19 and April 19 2020, our analysis shows that almost 23% of the French population would have been affected by COVID-19 (14.8 million individuals). Hence, the French lockdown prevented 587,730 hospitalizations and 140,320 ICU admissions at the national level. The total number of ICU beds required to treat patients in critical conditions would have been 104,550, far higher than the maximum French ICU capacity. This first month of lockdown also permitted to avoid 61,739 hospital deaths, corresponding to a 83.5% reduction of the total number of predicted deaths.Our analysis shows that in absence of any control measures, the COVID-19 epidemic would have had a critical morbidity and mortality burden in France, overwhelming in a matter of weeks French hospital capacities.

scholarly journals Open access at the national level: A comprehensive analysis of publications by Finnish researchers

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1396-1428
Author(s):  
Janne Pölönen ◽  
Mikael Laakso ◽  
Raf Guns ◽  
Emanuel Kulczycki ◽  
Gunnar Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Publication Data ◽  
Assessment And Monitoring

Open access (OA) has mostly been studied by relying on publication data from selective international databases, notably Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. The aim of our study is to show that it is possible to achieve a national estimate of the number and share of OA based on institutional publication data providing a comprehensive coverage of the peer-reviewed outputs across fields, publication types, and languages. Our data consists of 48,177 journal, conference, and book publications from 14 Finnish universities in 2016–2017, including information about OA status, as self-reported by researchers and validated by data-collection personnel through their Current Research Information System (CRIS). We investigate the WoS, Scopus, and DOI coverage, as well as the share of OA outputs between different fields, publication types, languages, OA mechanisms (gold, hybrid, and green), and OA information sources (DOAJ, Bielefeld list, and Sherpa/Romeo). We also estimate the role of the largest international commercial publishers compared to the not-for-profit Finnish national publishers of journals and books. We conclude that institutional data, integrated at national and international level, provides one of the building blocks of a large-scale data infrastructure needed for comprehensive assessment and monitoring of OA across countries, for example at the European level.

scholarly journals THE CIPA DATABASE FOR SAVING THE HERITAGE OF SYRIA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 953-960
Author(s):  
Minna Silver ◽  
Fulvio Rinaudo ◽  
Emanuele Morezzi ◽  
Francesca Quenda ◽  
Maria Laura Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Open Access Database ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Restoration Work ◽  
Set Up

CIPA is contributing with its technical knowledge in saving the heritage of Syria by constructing an open access database based on the data that the CIPA members have collected during various projects in Syria over the years before the civil war in the country broke out in 2011. In this way we wish to support the protection and preservation of the environment, sites, monuments, and artefacts and the memory of the cultural region that has been crucial for the human past and the emergence of civilizations. Apart from the countless human atrocities and loss, damage, destruction and looting of the cultural heritage have taken place in a large scale. The CIPA’s initiative is one of the various international projects that have been set up after the conflict started. The Directorate-General of the Antiquities and Museums (DGAM) of Syria as well as UNESCO with its various sub-organizations have been central in facing the challenges during the war. Digital data capture, storage, use and dissemination are in the heart of CIPA’s strategies in recording and documenting cultural heritage, also in Syria. It goes without saying that for the conservation and restoration work the high quality data providing metric information is of utmost importance.

Application of European Environmental Law by National Courts

elni Review ◽  
2008 ◽  
pp. 78-80
Author(s):  
Luc Lavrysen
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
National Level ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Member States ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Set Up

In this article, the author describes the situation of National Courts applying European Environmental Law. The article shows that not in all Member States the issue is being addressed as it should be. Therefore, the author strongly supports the initiative taken by the European Commission to set up, in the light of Communication COM(2007)502 of September 2007, a large-scale training programme for members of the judiciary on the national level.

Maintaining Difference and Managing Change: Female Agrarian Clientelist Relations in a Gambian Community

Africa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Kea
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Social Difference ◽  
Managing Change ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

AbstractThe introduction of dry-season vegetable cultivation on a large scale in Brikama, The Gambia in the early 1970s has led to the development of a new labour system amongst female farmers whereby strangers or clients are given access to land primarily in the dry season for vegetable cultivation in exchange for providing unremunerated labour for hosts for the cultivation of rice in the rainy season. Hosts, who either claim descent from the founding families or have married into founding families, have access to land and control its distribution for women's crops. This article examines the way in which social difference is played out in the acquisition of land and labour through the establishment of agrarian clientelist relations. Agrarian clientelist relations are about the maintenance of host–stranger distinctions and the management of social difference within a rapidly changing Gambian political economy. The nature of these clientelist relations is changing because of the changing relations of agrarian production, related in turn to the introduction of cooperative gardens in the region, the increasing scarcity of farming land and the increasing political power of strangers on a local and national level. The youth, particularly those who are educated, are moving out of farming altogether. Consequently, female hosts are increasingly reliant on their clients' labour. I argue that female hosts attempt to manage these processes of change out of a need to maintain the particular power relations that form the basis for host–stranger distinctions and their existing claims to land and labour. The article examines the tensions and the intra-gender struggles that emerge between female hosts and their client-strangers. In refusing to take the initiative to set up cooperative gardens, female hosts have maintained what they see as their rightful claims to their land and their clients' labour. Hegemonic notions of ‘the correctness of practices’, associated with host–stranger identities, have informed hosts' behaviour and that of their clients, and ultimately influenced the nature of resource allocation.

scholarly journals Decision-Making at National Level for the Support of Research Infrastructures

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Ridder-Numan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
Special Request ◽  
Support Of Research ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scientific Collections

The presentation will elaborate on the Dutch decision-making process concerning large-scale research infrastructures at national and European levels. The process involves several stakeholders, from scientists, to funders to Ministries. The Permanent Committee for Scientific Infrastructures (http://www.onderzoeksfaciliteiten.nl/permanente-commissie) plays a high-level decision-making and vision role in this effort. The committee is independent and part of NWO, the Netherland's Research Organisation for Scientific Research, on special request of the Minister of Education, Culture and Science. This level of decision making is necessary to participate at the next level within the vision of the European Roadmap for Research Infrastructures. This Roadmap is set up by the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastrcutures (ESFRI, https://www.esfri.eu) and is a portfolio of Research Infrastructures regarded as crucial to shape the European Landscape of scientific Research Infrastrcutures. DiSCCo (Distributed System of Scientific Collections), led by Naturalis (Leiden) is a recent and good example of such an infrastructure that gained a place in the European research infrastructure environment connecting 115 Museums, Botanical Gardens and collection-holding Universities in 21 European countries.

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