scholarly journals Public Benefit: the challenge for development-led archaeology in the UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadie Watson
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Development Control ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Briefing Document ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research

The challenge of providing public benefit from development control archaeology has been a concern across Europe after both the Valletta and Faro conventions encouraged the view that the public must be the key beneficiaries of archaeological work, and since then the theoretical concept of public benefit has become well recognised across our profession. However, it seems to me that the archaeological sector does not yet provide this in a meaningful way or know how to maximise the public benefit potential of our work; indeed, this is acknowledged at the highest levels (e.g. British Academy 2017, 33). The EAC established their Working Group on 'Making the Case' to investigate examples of best practice and provide a practical toolkit for the better articulation of public benefit arising from development-led archaeology (EAC 2019). In the UK the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists has published a briefing document that outlines the potential for public benefit offered by archaeology (CIfA 2020). This dovetails well with a new research project, funded by United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI) and hosted at Museum of London Archaeology (MOLA), intended to ensure that public benefit is at the heart of decision-making throughout the development control sector in the UK (MOLA 2019). This article provides an introduction to the rationale behind this project and outlines how the project ambitions could be achieved through a careful navigation through the complex structures of development programmes' procurement and management.

scholarly journals Should free-text data in electronic medical records be shared for research? A citizens’ jury study in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ford ◽  
Malcolm Oswald ◽  
Lamiece Hassan ◽  
Kyle Bozentko ◽  
Goran Nenadic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Information ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Structured Data ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Text Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Privacy Risks

BackgroundUse of routinely collected patient data for research and service planning is an explicit policy of the UK National Health Service and UK government. Much clinical information is recorded in free-text letters, reports and notes. These text data are generally lost to research, due to the increased privacy risk compared with structured data. We conducted a citizens’ jury which asked members of the public whether their medical free-text data should be shared for research for public benefit, to inform an ethical policy.MethodsEighteen citizens took part over 3 days. Jurors heard a range of expert presentations as well as arguments for and against sharing free text, and then questioned presenters and deliberated together. They answered a questionnaire on whether and how free text should be shared for research, gave reasons for and against sharing and suggestions for alleviating their concerns.ResultsJurors were in favour of sharing medical data and agreed this would benefit health research, but were more cautious about sharing free-text than structured data. They preferred processing of free text where a computer extracted information at scale. Their concerns were lack of transparency in uses of data, and privacy risks. They suggested keeping patients informed about uses of their data, and giving clear pathways to opt out of data sharing.ConclusionsInformed citizens suggested a transparent culture of research for the public benefit, and continuous improvement of technology to protect patient privacy, to mitigate their concerns regarding privacy risks of using patient text data.

Best practice skin antisepsis for insertion of peripheral catheters

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Simon Clare ◽  
Stephen Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Skin Disinfection ◽  
Skin Antisepsis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
Time Frames

This article discusses the importance of effective skin antisepsis prior to the insertion of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) and how best clinical practice is promoted by application of an appropriate method of skin disinfection integrated effectively with a proprietary aseptic non touch technique, or other standard aseptic technique. Historically under-reported, incidence of infection and risk to patients from PIVCs is now increasingly being recognised, with new research and evidence raising concern and helping to drive new clinical guidance and improvement. The risks posed by PIVCs are particularly significant given increasing PIVC dwell times, due to cannula removal now being determined by new guidance for clinical indication, rather than predefined time frames. Clinical ‘best practice’ is considered in context of the evidence base, importantly including availability and access to appropriate skin antisepsis products. In the UK, and other countries, ChloraPrep is the only skin antisepsis applicator licensed as a drug to disinfect skin and help prevent infections before invasive medical procedures, such as injections, blood sampling, insertion of PIVCs and minor or major surgery.

scholarly journals A new research landscape

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-96
Author(s):  
Lucy Annette
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
True Value ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
Research Stage

Research is a critical element of progress and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some of the true value and importance of scientific research and innovation. It has also demonstrated how innovation and research can impact society on an individual level as well as a global basis. The UK is one of the countries that consistently features on the global Top 10 lists highlighting quality research output as determined by publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Despite its small geographic size, the UK is highly respected on the global scientific research stage, with such illustrious scientific feats as uncovering the structure of DNA and developing the steam engine attributable to British innovation.

A new research landscape

Impact ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Lucy Annette
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
True Value ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
Research Stage

Research is a critical element of progress and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted some of the true value and importance of scientific research and innovation. It has also demonstrated how innovation and research can impact society on an individual level as well as a global basis. The UK is one of the countries that consistently features on the global Top 10 lists highlighting quality research output as determined by publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Despite its small geographic size, the UK is highly respected on the global scientific research stage, with such illustrious scientific feats as uncovering the structure of DNA and developing the steam engine attributable to British innovation.

Hospitals: N.Y. Appellate Court Denies Move to Privatize Public Hospital

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Robert Chatham
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Municipal Hospital ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Benefit Corporation ◽  
The City

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.

Editorial: Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Klaff
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Labour Party ◽  
Research Note ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Exciting Development

I am pleased to publish an open-access online preprint of two articles and a research note that will appear in the forthcoming issue of the Journal of Contemporary Antisemitism 3, no. 2 (Fall 2020). This preprint is a new and exciting development for the Journal. It has been made possible by the generous donations from sponsors, including BICOM's co-chairman, David Cohen, whose support for the work of the Journal allows for timely scholarly analysis to be put into the public sphere.

An Expert Ranked List of Pro-nature Conservation Behaviours for Public Use

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Barbett ◽  
Edward Stupple ◽  
Michael Sweet ◽  
Miles Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Ranked List

The planet is facing an anthropogenic mass extinction of wildlife, which will have a grave impact on the environment and humans. Widespread human action is needed to minimize the negative impact of humans on biodiversity and support the restoration of wildlife. In order to find effective ways to promote pro-nature conservation behaviours to the general population, there is a need to provide a list of behaviours which will have worthwhile ecological impact and are worth encouraging. In a novel collaboration between psychologists and ecologists, 70 experts from practical and academic conservation backgrounds were asked to review and rate 48 conservation related behaviours. According to their judgement, this short paper presents a ranked list of pro-nature conservation behaviours for the public in the UK and similar landscapes. This includes behaviours people can engage in in their homes, their gardens, on their land, and in their roles as citizens.

التأثيرات السياسية في استدامة الدين العام في موازنة العراق 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (66) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
م.م أحمد حامد جمعة ◽  
◽  
د. كمال فيلد البصري
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
The Political ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Public Budget ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Political Impact

This study clarifies the analysis of the reality of the financial policy in the budget of Iraq 2019, and that analysis is evaluated by tracking the elements of the public budget from public expenditures and public revenues, and the study focuses on the size of the political impact on the path of public spending, as well as the analysis of public spending and revenues in various sectors and sections of the public budget. This study also shows the size of the risks resulting from the continuation of the financial deficit, as well as the risks of public debt according to the indicators of its sustainability analysis within the financial and economic indicators that express the risks of public debt. The study emphasized that public spending is still based on the political decision and does not achieve the principles and objectives of the economic budget that achieve the public benefit. The necessity requires efficient spending and fair distribution in order to avoid future public debt risks and their impact on future generations

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