scholarly journals Re-discovering Archaeological Discoveries. Experiments with reproducing archaeological survey analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Néhémie Strupler
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Digital Format ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Or Methodology

This article describes an attempt to reproduce the published analysis from three archaeological field-walking surveys by using datasets collected between 1990 and 2005 which are publicly available in digital format. The exact methodologies used to produce the analyses (diagrams, statistical analysis, maps, etc.) are often incomplete, leaving a gap between the dataset and the published report. By using the published descriptions to reconstruct how the outputs were manipulated, I expected to reproduce and corroborate the results. While these experiments highlight some successes, they also point to significant problems in reproducing an analysis at various stages, from reading the data to plotting the results. Consequently, this article proposes some guidance on how to increase the reproducibility of data in order to assist aspirations of refining results or methodology. Without a stronger emphasis on reproducibility, the published datasets may not be sufficient to confirm published results and the scientific process of self-correction is at risk.

Effects of Criminal Sanctions on Drunk Drivers: Beyond Incarceration

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald R. Wheeler ◽  
Rodney V. Hissong
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Drunk Driving ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Drunk Drivers ◽  
First Offenders ◽  
Alternative Sanctions

Proponents of mandatory jail laws contend that alternative sanctions such as probation and fines have failed to modify behavior of those convicted of drunk driving (DWI). In order to test this proposition, we evaluated the effects of probation, fines, and jail sentences on DWI recidivism of a randomly selected DWI population at risk for 36 months. Utilizing survival time statistical analysis, the findings showed no significant differences in outcome among sanctions. As predicted, persons with a DWI history recidivated significantly sooner than first offenders. We conclude by advocating a policy of alternative sanctions to incarceration for drunk drivers.

Novel Stimuli for Obtaining Nasalance Measures from Young Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Watterson ◽  
Julie Hinton ◽  
Stephen Mcfarlane
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

The use of novel stimuli for obtaining nasalance measures in young children was the focus of this study. The subjects were 20 children without a history of communication disorders and 20 children at risk for velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Each subject recited three passages; the standard Zoo Passage, and two novel stimuli that were named the Turtle Passage and the Mouse Passage. Like the Zoo Passage, the Turtle Passage contained no normally nasal consonants. The Mouse Passage was about 11% nasal consonants, which is similar to the Rainbow Passage. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the mean nasalance for the Zoo Passage and the Turtle Passage for either the subjects without risk of VPI (15.4% vs 15.7%) or for those at risk (30.4% vs 28.8%). Nasalance measures for the Mouse Passage were significantly higher than for either the Zoo Passage or the Turtle Passage. Listeners rated the stimuli on a 5-point equal-appearing intervals scale. The correlation coefficient between listener judgments of hypernasality and nasalance was significant for the Zoo Passage (r = 0.70) and for the Turtle Passage (r = 0.51) but not significant for the Mouse Passage (r = 0.32). Using cut-off scores of 22% for nasalance and 2.25 for hypernasality, the sensitivity for the Zoo Passage was 0.72, and for the Turtle Passage, 0.83.

SMRFIT: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM (SAS) PROGRAM FOR STANDARDIZED MORTALITY RATIO ANALYSES AND POISSON REGRESSION MODEL FITS IN COMMUNITY DISEASE CLUSTER INVESTIGATIONS

1990 ◽  
Vol 132 (supp1) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAWRENCE P. HANRAHAN ◽  
IRENE MIRKIN ◽  
JOSEPH OLSON ◽  
HENRY A. ANDERSON ◽  
BETH J. FIORE
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Disease Cluster ◽  
Statistical Analysis System ◽  
Analysis System

Abstract Increasingly, health departments are being pressed by the public to respond to disease risk with cluster investigations in communities and neighborhoods. This is a direct result of growing concern about the role that the environment may play in disease risk. While extensive analyses directly inputing exposures or numbers at risk are often necessary to thoroughly investigate clusters, it is quite useful to perform an exploratory analysis with existing morbidity and mortality data as a first level of response. To meet this need for timely evaluation, the authors describe a user-friendly Statistical Analysis System (SAS) program called SMRFIT to automate community disease cluster evaluations. The program creates frequency tables for number at risk and number of disease outcomes for the community, balance of parent county, and balance of state. SMRFIT then constructs standardized mortality ratios, with the community compared with balance of county and balance of state referents. Poisson regression is offered as an option for the modeling of community disease rates.

scholarly journals Food Market Hygiene in the Consumer Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-261
Author(s):  
Diana Merchan ◽  
Mercy Agila ◽  
Mónica Criollo ◽  
Marina Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Contingency Table ◽  
Consumer Experience ◽  
Cultural Symbol ◽  
Infrastructure Design ◽  
Survey Technique ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Subject

The market "Las Manuelas" located in the canton Duran, Guayas province is the subject of this research, this market is new in its location, has a modern infrastructure design, but there is a paradigm about the municipal markets maintain poor hygiene, lower than supermarkets and this condition affects the experience of customers and consumers. This research aims to determine the association between the cleanliness of the "Las Manuelas" market and the experience of its consumers. Survey technique was applied for data collection and the Somers coefficient was used for statistical analysis through the SPSS 22.00 program. The results indicated that there is an association between the two study variables. Through the analysis of the contingency table, 37.5 % of the consumers motivated their purchase by the observed cleanliness; they qualified the experience of their purchase as regular. The market "Las Manuelas" could take awareness measures to promote an optimal hygiene culture to improve the experience of its consumers, 48.1% of them choose to buy in the market for the convenience in prices and 19.4% for the variety of products. In view of the growth of supermarkets in the country, isolating the cleaning factor as a purchasing decision could put this supply centre identified as a cultural symbol at risk.

scholarly journals Personality Profiles that Put Users at Risk of Perceiving Technostress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Pflügner ◽  
Christian Maier ◽  
Jens Mattke ◽  
Tim Weitzel
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Systems Research

AbstractSome information systems research has considered that individual personality traits influence whether users feel stressed by information and communication technologies. Personality research suggests, however, that personality traits do not act individually, but interact interdependently to constitute a personality profile that guides individual perceptions and behavior. The study relies on the differential exposure-reactivity model to investigate which personality profiles of the Big Five personality traits predispose users to perceive techno-stressors. Using a questionnaire, data was collected from 221 users working in different organizations. That data was analyzed using fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Based on the results, six different personality profiles that predispose to perceive high techno-stressors are identified. By investigating personality traits in terms of profiles, it is shown that a high and a low level of a personality trait can influence the perception of techno-stressors. The results will allow users and practitioners to identify individuals who are at risk of perceiving techno-stressors based on their personality profile. The post-survey analysis offers starting points for the prevention of perceived techno-stressors and the related negative consequences for specific personality profiles.

A New Insight of Effect of Ampicillin-Gentamicin Through Chlorinative Stress Mechanism in Saliva of Newborn at Risk of Sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari Yunanto ◽  
Pudji Andayani ◽  
Astarini Hidayah ◽  
Devi A. Kusumawardani ◽  
Iskandar Thalib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽  
Gentamicin Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Objective Indicators ◽  
Stress Parameters

Clinical diagnosis of sepsis in neonate is difficult, because many signs of sepsis are nonspecific. There are several salivary biomarkers of stress as objective indicators of stress reactions.This study was designed to investigate the effect of ampicillin-gentamicin treatment to chlorinative stress parameters insaliva of newborn at risk of sepsis. Four chlorinative stress parameters were used, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels, and chlorinative index (CI). This study was performed in May until September 2016. Saliva samples were taken from 26 newborns at risk of sepsis treated in Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. All newborns were given ampicillin-gentamicin three until ten days. The H2O2 levels, MPO activity, AOPPs levels, and CI were measured from the saliva taken from both pre and post treatment. Statistical analysis of the parameters were obtained from before and after the ampicillin-gentamicin treatment, using Mann-Whitney test. The used ofampicillin-gentamicin for treatment of newborns at risk of sepsis showed significant decrease in the H2O2 levels, MPO acitivity, AOPPs levels, and significant increases in the CI. From this results, it can be concluded that Ampicillin-gentamicin could reduce the chlorinative stress in newborn at risk of sepsis

scholarly journals Application of Spectral Density/Periodogram Analysis to Serial Neutrophil Counts to Diagnose Cyclic Neutropenia

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4608-4608
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Dobbins ◽  
Audrey Anna Bolyard ◽  
Robert T. Chang ◽  
Julian Self ◽  
Gabriel Provencher Langlois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Severe Congenital Neutropenia ◽  
Congenital Neutropenia ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Cyclic Neutropenia ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
Periodogram Analysis

Abstract Background: Cyclic neutropenia is characterized by oscillatory fluctuations in blood neutrophil counts, usually with nadirs <0.2 x 109/L at approximately 3 week intervals. Visual inspection of graphs of serial counts is usually the basis for diagnosis. Detection of mutations in ELANE is helpful but not diagnostic because of the overlap of the specific mutation patterns with those associated with severe congenital neutropenia. Making the correct diagnosis of cyclic neutropenia is important because these patients are not thought to be at risk of developing myelodysplasia or acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML). In contrast, patients with severe congenital neutropenia, whose counts are usually lower, are at risk of developing MDS/AML. Methods: We have implemented a website application for easy and direct data entry of serial blood counts to detect statistically significant periodicities using the Lomb periodogram. Physicians, nurses, other healthcare providers or patients can directly enter the blood count data for analysis on a website to allow immediate visualization of the serial counts and calculation of the probability of statistically significant cycling and the period, i.e., length of the cycle. Results: We have analyzed the counts from 42 patients (21 ELANE positive, 8 ELANE negative, 13 ELANE unknown) enrolled in the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry with a clinical diagnosis of cyclic neutropenia to determine the accuracy of clinical diagnoses based on this form of statistical analysis. Our preliminary results showed that it is easy to learn how to use this program. We estimate that at least 20 counts obtained at 2-3 day intervals for 6 weeks are the minimum needed to detect cyclic neutropenia on a statistically sound basis, while 20-40 counts obtained at 2-3 day intervals over an 8-10 week period was more likely to yield statistical and clinical certainty about the diagnosis. The figure below shows readouts for the periodogram analysis for one patient. It shows the influence of 17 counts versus 31 counts for a patient with the clinical diagnosis of cyclic neutropenia and a mutation in ELANE. The confidence intervals (95%) and (99%) are exceeded for the series of 31 counts but not for the shorter series. The peak, approximate cycle length is 22 days for this series of counts. As of yet, we do not have the sufficient daily count data to determine if more frequent testing (e.g. daily testing) is better than testing every 2-3 days. We are currently testing the patterns of neutrophil fluctuations in patients on G-CSF to see if cyclic neutropenia can be diagnosed in patients that are on (or during) treatment. We have learned that many patients with the clinical diagnosis of CyN do not have sufficient serial blood cell count data to confirm this diagnosis on a statistical basis. Conclusion: We have developed a simple method for making periodogram analysis much more widely available to clinicians and patients on a world-wide basis. Statistical analysis of carefully collected serial data will help to secure the diagnosis of cyclic neutropenia and provide patients with important prognostic information. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures Dale: Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.

The Academic Reading Format International Study (ARFIS): final results of a comparative survey analysis of 21,265 students in 33 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Mizrachi ◽  
Alicia M. Salaz ◽  
Serap Kurbanoglu ◽  
Joumana Boustany
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
International Study ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Reading ◽  
Academic Texts ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
First Time

PurposeThis paper presents the complete findings from the Academic Reading Format International Study (ARFIS), the world's largest study of tertiary students' format preferences and behaviors. The analysis of ARFIS proceeded in two stages. This paper reveals results from the second stage for the first time and compares them with the earlier results. The authors then present and discuss the results from the combined datasets of 21,266 students in 33 countries.Design/methodology/approachA total of 44 members in the ARFIS research team distributed an online survey composed of 22 Likert-style, multiple choice and open-ended questions to tertiary students on their format preferences and behaviors. Inferential statistical analysis was used on participant responses, and descriptive statistics analysis was used on the combined amalgamated dataset.FindingsMajorities of students in all countries consistently show preference for reading their academic texts in print. However, variations of preferences do occur between countries. Overall, the language of a reading does not affect reading format preferences, but national scores on this question are greatly diverse.Originality/valueARFIS is the largest study of its kind created through a collaboration of researchers in countries on six continents, collecting data in more than 20 languages. The sample size, rigorous statistical analysis and consistency of results strengthen the reliability of the findings. Analysis of the first dataset has received widespread recognition, but this paper is the first to publish the second dataset and the complete amalgamated results.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document