scholarly journals Hollis Croft, Sheffield, South Yorkshire: Old site and new connections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Tuck ◽  
Milica Rajic ◽  
Sam Bromage ◽  
Emma Carter
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Industrial Archaeology ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
A Site

In 2017, a team from the Wessex Archaeology Sheffield office investigated a site, Hollis Croft (NGR 434990 387580), prior to the construction of a multi-million pound commercial and student housing development. Hollis Croft is one of many Sheffield’s sites where well-preserved industrial archaeology survives beneath the modern buildings. Historic building recording was followed by a watching brief, a scheme of archaeological evaluation trenching and then strip, map and sample excavations, which revealed substantial 18th-/19th-century remains of steel conversion furnaces (both cementation and crucible, constructed by Burgin and Wells and W. Fearnehough Ltd respectively). We also discovered metres of entwined brick-built flues (likely related to later steelmaking methods such as the Siemens-Martin open hearth process or Bessemer process), traces of two pubs (The Cock and The Orange Branch) and a wide range of finds – all indicative of the industrial processes and the everyday lives of the workers. Apart from the discovery of a crozzle layer covering the entire interior of the furnace (not just its base as previously thought), and the detailed impressions of the ferrous bars visible in the surface of the crozzle layer, the remains were very familiar for Sheffield and industrial archaeology. The post-excavation processes were carried out as usual following industry standards. All our findings have been brought together in a final report held in the digital archive and the physical archive (including the finds) was subsequently deposited with Museums Sheffield under SHEFM:2019.13 and Sheffield Archives. This publication is based on that final report, but edited and updated, so there are some minor differences between the documents. But, inspired by a great deal of public interest during the excavations (and Mili's love for comics), a comic book has also been created and is published here alongside what would otherwise be a more traditional offering.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Seligmann
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Push Forward ◽  
The Common

As this book has shown the common conception that ‘Churchill’s “radical phase” was cast to the winds’ when he was put in charge of the Navy in October 1911, although well established in the literature, is not, in fact, accurate.1 The radical President of the Board of Trade, eager to improve the lives of the poor, became the radical Home Secretary, no less enthusiastic for social reform, who then became the radical First Lord of the Admiralty, imbued with both a desire and, perhaps more importantly, a will to intervene in order to better conditions for those who served in the Royal Navy. Accordingly, he embarked upon a major programme of improvement across a wide range of different areas all of which affected the everyday life of sailors. Alcohol intake, sexual behaviour, religious practice, corporal punishment, as well as pay and equality of progression, all came under the spotlight while Churchill was First Lord. Of course, not all of the new measures were successful and not all were progressive in the modern understanding of the term, but all of them represented significant attempts to push forward a radical agenda for change....

Doing Fieldwork in the Andamans

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Zehmisch
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Anthropological Theory ◽  
Local Perception ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
A Site

Chapter 2 contextualizes the Andaman Islands as a fieldwork location. It has two major objectives: First, it serves to introduce the reader to the Andamans as a geographical, ecological, and political space and as a site of imagination. This representation of the islands concentrates on the interplay of discourses and policies which have shaped their global, national, and local perception as well as the everyday life of the Andaman population. Second, the chapter underlines the conflation of anthropological theory, fieldwork, and biographical transformations. It demonstrates how recent theoretical trends and paradigm shifts in global and academic discourse have become enmeshed with the author’s experiences in and perceptions of the field. Elaborating on these intricate personal and professional ‘spectacles’ of the fieldworker, the author thus contextualizes the subjective conditions inherent in the production of ethnography as a type of literature.

scholarly journals Interruptions: Affective futures and uncanny presences at Giemaš, Finnmark

Polar Record ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Elisabeth Lien
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Migratory Movement ◽  
A Site ◽  
Affective Relations ◽  
North Norway

Abstract This paper concerns affective relations and unexpected interruptions as the planned expansion of an extractive open-pit mining site gathers momentum. The site is a mountain in Varanger, North Norway, criss-crossed by a sand-coloured meshwork of roads that are part of the current infrastructure of a quartzite quarry. Recently purchased by Chinese investors, the mining company Elkem plans a massive expansion of the operations, which will interrupt a wide range of practices and projects, including the migratory movement of reindeer, as well as their grazing patterns. Known as Giemaš amongst Sámi speakers, the mountain is also alluded to as a site of other powers, manifesting as unexpected accidents. In this article, I explore how the planned expansion evokes this contested site as more than a singular mountain, and how divergent epistemic formations interrupt the making of extractive resources in multiple ways.

Haemorheological Effects on Thrombocyte Adhesion and Aggregation Found Under Controlled Flow Conditions

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Continuous Observation ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stream Migration ◽  
Local Shear ◽  
Videotape Recording ◽  
Controlled Flow ◽  
A Site

Thrombocyte adhesion and aggregation in a vessel or on a chamber wall can be measured most readily if the flow is controlled and steady, and continuous observation is used. Videotape recording is very helpful for subsequent quantification of the dynamics. The adhesion of each thrombocyte can occur for a finite time interval:this interval has been observed to have a wide range. Platelets which escape often leave open a site which attracts other platelets preferentially. The rate of change of adhesion density (platelets/mm2) is affected by the local shear rate and the shear history upstream. Aggregation is affected similarly, and also proceeds with some platelet turnover. The role of erythrocytes in facilitating cross-stream migration of thrombocytes (which can enhance the growth rate of large thrombi) appears due in part to convective flow fields induced by the motion of erythrocytes in a shear flow, which can be demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. Observations of the phenomenlogy of adhesion and aggregation under controlled flow conditions and comparison with fLu id-dynamically based theory allows representation in terras of a small number of parameters with prospects of prediction of behaviour over a wide range of haemodynamic conditions; biochemical changes lead to changes in values of the parameters, so that activating agents and inhibiting agents modify values in different directions.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance of Artificial Intelligence in the Public Interest

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Peter Cihon ◽  
Jonas Schuett ◽  
Seth D. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

Corporations play a major role in artificial intelligence (AI) research, development, and deployment, with profound consequences for society. This paper surveys opportunities to improve how corporations govern their AI activities so as to better advance the public interest. The paper focuses on the roles of and opportunities for a wide range of actors inside the corporation—managers, workers, and investors—and outside the corporation—corporate partners and competitors, industry consortia, nonprofit organizations, the public, the media, and governments. Whereas prior work on multistakeholder AI governance has proposed dedicated institutions to bring together diverse actors and stakeholders, this paper explores the opportunities they have even in the absence of dedicated multistakeholder institutions. The paper illustrates these opportunities with many cases, including the participation of Google in the U.S. Department of Defense Project Maven; the publication of potentially harmful AI research by OpenAI, with input from the Partnership on AI; and the sale of facial recognition technology to law enforcement by corporations including Amazon, IBM, and Microsoft. These and other cases demonstrate the wide range of mechanisms to advance AI corporate governance in the public interest, especially when diverse actors work together.

scholarly journals RiboA: a web application to identify ribosome A-site locations in ribosome profiling data

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danying Shao ◽  
Nabeel Ahmed ◽  
Nishant Soni ◽  
Edward P. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Integer Programming ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Stop Codon ◽  
Ribosome Profiling ◽  
Programming Method ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Site

Abstract Background Translation is a fundamental process in gene expression. Ribosome profiling is a method that enables the study of transcriptome-wide translation. A fundamental, technical challenge in analyzing Ribo-Seq data is identifying the A-site location on ribosome-protected mRNA fragments. Identification of the A-site is essential as it is at this location on the ribosome where a codon is translated into an amino acid. Incorrect assignment of a read to the A-site can lead to lower signal-to-noise ratio and loss of correlations necessary to understand the molecular factors influencing translation. Therefore, an easy-to-use and accurate analysis tool is needed to accurately identify the A-site locations. Results We present RiboA, a web application that identifies the most accurate A-site location on a ribosome-protected mRNA fragment and generates the A-site read density profiles. It uses an Integer Programming method that reflects the biological fact that the A-site of actively translating ribosomes is generally located between the second codon and stop codon of a transcript, and utilizes a wide range of mRNA fragment sizes in and around the coding sequence (CDS). The web application is containerized with Docker, and it can be easily ported across platforms. Conclusions The Integer Programming method that RiboA utilizes is the most accurate in identifying the A-site on Ribo-Seq mRNA fragments compared to other methods. RiboA makes it easier for the community to use this method via a user-friendly and portable web application. In addition, RiboA supports reproducible analyses by tracking all the input datasets and parameters, and it provides enhanced visualization to facilitate scientific exploration. RiboA is available as a web service at https://a-site.vmhost.psu.edu/. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/obrien-lab/aip_web_docker under the MIT license.

Decoding the Sino-North Korean Borderlands

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Significant Volume ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Site ◽  
Multiple Languages ◽  
Gradual Transformation

Since the 1990s, the Chinese-North Korean border region has undergone a gradual transformation into a site of intensified cooperation, competition, and intrigue. These changes have prompted a significant volume of critical scholarship and media commentary across multiple languages and disciplines. Drawing on existing studies and new data, Decoding the Sino-North Korean Borderlands brings much of this literature into concert by pulling together a wide range of insight on the region's economics, security, social cohesion, and information flows. Drawing from multilingual sources and transnational scholarship, this volume is enhanced by the extensive fieldwork undertaken by the editors and contributors in their quests to decode the borderland. In doing so, the volume emphasizes the link between theory, methodology, and practice in the field of Area Studies and social science more broadly.

scholarly journals Controlling Condensation of Water Using Hybrid Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kripa K. Varanasi ◽  
Tao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Nucleation Rate ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Superhydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Spatial Control ◽  
Hydrophilic Surfaces ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
Control Water

Heterogeneous nucleation of water plays an important role in wide range of natural and industrial processes. Though heterogeneous nucleation of water is ubiquitous and everyday experience, spatial control of this important phenomenon is extremely difficult. Here we show, for the first time, that spatial control in the heterogeneous nucleation of water can be achieved by manipulating the local nucleation energy barrier and nucleation rate via the modification of the local intrinsic wettability of a surface by patterning hybrid hydrophobic-hydrophilic regions on a surface. Such ability to control water nucleation could address the condensation-related limitations of superhydrophobic surfaces, and has implications for efficiency enhancements in energy and desalination systems.

scholarly journals Structural and functional studies of pyruvate carboxylase regulation by cyclic di-AMP in lactic acid bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (35) ◽  
pp. E7226-E7235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip H. Choi ◽  
Thu Minh Ngoc Vu ◽  
Huong Thi Pham ◽  
Joshua J. Woodward ◽  
Mark S. Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Site ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Pyruvate Carboxylase ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Binding Mode ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Site ◽  
Amp Inhibition

Cyclic di-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a broadly conserved bacterial second messenger that has been implicated in a wide range of cellular processes. Our earlier studies showed that c-di-AMP regulates central metabolism inListeria monocytogenesby inhibiting its pyruvate carboxylase (LmPC), a biotin-dependent enzyme with biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT) activities. We report here structural, biochemical, and functional studies on the inhibition ofLactococcus lactisPC (LlPC) by c-di-AMP. The compound is bound at the dimer interface of the CT domain, at a site equivalent to that in LmPC, although it has a distinct binding mode in the LlPC complex. This binding site is not well conserved among PCs, and only a subset of these bacterial enzymes are sensitive to c-di-AMP. Conformational changes in the CT dimer induced by c-di-AMP binding may be the molecular mechanism for its inhibitory activity. Mutations of residues in the binding site can abolish c-di-AMP inhibition. InL. lactis, LlPC is required for efficient milk acidification through its essential role in aspartate biosynthesis. The aspartate pool inL. lactisis negatively regulated by c-di-AMP, and high aspartate levels can be restored by expression of a c-di-AMP–insensitive LlPC. LlPC has high intrinsic catalytic activity and is not sensitive to acetyl-CoA activation, in contrast to other PC enzymes.

scholarly journals Feminist everyday political economy: Space, time, and violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanita Elias ◽  
Shirin M. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Power And Agency ◽  
A Site

AbstractIt goes without saying that feminist International Political Economy (IPE) is concerned in one way or another with the everyday – conceptualised as both a site of political struggle and a site within which social relations are (re)produced and governed. Given the longstanding grounding of feminist research in everyday gendered experiences, many would ask: Why do we need an explicit feminist theorisation of the everyday? After all, notions of everyday life and everyday political struggle infuse feminist analysis. This article seeks to interrogate the concept of the everyday – questioning prevalent understandings of the everyday and asking whether there is analytical and conceptual utility to be gained in articulating a specifically feminist understanding of it. We argue that a feminist political economy of the everyday can be developed in ways that push theorisations of social reproduction in new directions. We suggest that one way to do this is through the recognition that social reproductionisthe everyday alongside a three-part theorisation of space, time, and violence (STV). It is an approach that we feel can play an important role in keeping IPE honest – that is, one that recognises how important gendered structures of everyday power and agency are to the conduct of everyday life within global capitalism.

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