scholarly journals Age-related changes in skeletal muscle reactive oxygen species generation and adaptive responses to reactive oxygen species

2011 ◽  
Vol 589 (9) ◽  
pp. 2139-2145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm J. Jackson ◽  
Anne McArdle
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Effects of Aging on Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Transcriptional Changes in Pathways of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Clearance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Rizvi ◽  
Claudia C. Preston ◽  
Larisa Emelyanova ◽  
Mohammed Yousufuddin ◽  
Maria Viqar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ros Homeostasis

Background Age‐related heart diseases are significant contributors to increased morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondria within cardiomyocytes contribute to age‐related increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that plays an essential role in aging‐associated cardiac diseases. Methods and Results The present study investigated differences between ROS production in cardiomyocytes isolated from adult (6 months) and aged (24 months) Fischer 344 rats, and in cardiac tissue of adult (18–65 years) and elderly (>65 years) patients with preserved cardiac function. Superoxide dismutase inhibitable ferricytochrome c reduction assay (1.32±0.63 versus 0.76±0.31 nMol/mg per minute; P =0.001) superoxide and H 2 O 2 production, measured as dichlorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence (1646±428 versus 699±329, P =0.04), were significantly higher in the aged versus adult cardiomyocytes. Similarity in age‐related alteration between rats and humans was identified in mitochondrial‐electron transport chain‐complex‐I‐associated increased oxidative‐stress by MitoSOX fluorescence (53.66±18.58 versus 22.81±12.60; P =0.03) and in 4‐HNE adduct levels (187.54±54.8 versus 47.83±16.7 ng/mg protein, P =0.0063), indicative of increased peroxidation in the elderly. These differences correlated with changes in functional enrichment of genes regulating ROS homeostasis pathways in aged human and rat hearts. Functional merged collective network and pathway enrichment analysis revealed common genes prioritized in human and rat aging‐associated networks that underlay enriched functional terms of mitochondrial complex I and common pathways in the aging human and rat heart. Conclusions Aging sensitizes mitochondrial and extramitochondrial mechanisms of ROS buildup within the heart. Network analysis of the transcriptome highlights the critical elements involved with aging‐related ROS homeostasis pathways common in rat and human hearts as targets.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in Kv4/Shal and Kv1/Shaker expression in Drosophila and a role for reactive oxygen species

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261087
Author(s):  
Maximiliano J. Vallejos ◽  
Abdunaser Eadaim ◽  
Eu-Teum Hahm ◽  
Susan Tsunoda
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Channel Expression ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age-related changes in ion channel expression are likely to affect neuronal signaling. Here, we examine how age affects Kv4/Shal and Kv1/Shaker K+ channel protein levels in Drosophila. We show that Kv4/Shal protein levels decline sharply from 3 days to 10 days, then more gradually from 10 to 40 days after eclosion. In contrast, Kv1/Shaker protein exhibits a transient increase at 10 days that then stabilizes and eventually declines at 40 days. We present data that begin to show a relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS), Kv4/Shal, and locomotor performance. We show that Kv4/Shal levels are negatively affected by ROS, and that over-expression of Catalase or RNAi knock-down of the ROS-generating enzyme, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) Oxidase (NOX), can attenuate the loss of Kv4/Shal protein. Finally, we compare levels of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 in the hippocampus, olfactory bulb, cerebellum, and motor cortex of mice aged 6 weeks and 1 year. While there was no global decline in Kv4.2/4.3 that parallels what we report in Drosophila, we did find that Kv4.2/4.3 are differentially affected in various brain regions; this survey of changes may help inform mammalian studies that examine neuronal function with age.

scholarly journals Multiple Roles of Mitochondria in Aging Processes

2016 ◽  
pp. S519-S531 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CEDIKOVA ◽  
P. PITULE ◽  
M. KRIPNEROVA ◽  
M. MARKOVA ◽  
J. KUNCOVA
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
Dna Mutations ◽  
Age Related

Aging is a multifactorial process influenced by genetic factors, nutrition, and lifestyle. According to mitochondrial theory of aging, mitochondrial dysfunction is widely considered a major contributor to age-related processes. Mitochondria are both the main source and targets of detrimental reactions initiated in association with age-dependent deterioration of the cellular functions. Reactions leading to increased reactive oxygen species generation, mtDNA mutations, and oxidation of mitochondrial proteins result in subsequent induction of apoptotic events, impaired oxidative phosphorylation capacity, mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis and autophagy. This review summarizes the major changes of mitochondria related to aging, with emphasis on mitochondrial DNA mutations, the role of the reactive oxygen species, and structural and functional changes of mitochondria.

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