scholarly journals Exercise intensity-dependent regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α mRNA abundance is associated with differential activation of upstream signalling kinases in human skeletal muscle

2010 ◽  
Vol 588 (10) ◽  
pp. 1779-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan Egan ◽  
Brian P. Carson ◽  
Pablo M. Garcia-Roves ◽  
Alexander V. Chibalin ◽  
Fiona M. Sarsfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Differential Activation

scholarly journals Effect of resistance exercise intensity on the expression of PGC-1α isoforms and the anabolic and catabolic signaling mediators, IGF-1 and myostatin, in human skeletal muscle

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 856-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Schwarz ◽  
Sarah K. McKinley-Barnard ◽  
Mike B. Spillane ◽  
Thomas L. Andre ◽  
Joshua J. Gann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Body Resistance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute messenger (mRNA) expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) isoforms, insulin-like growth factor-1Ea (IGF-1Ea), and myostatin in response to 2 resistance exercise intensities. In a uniform-balanced, crossover design, 10 participants performed 2 separate testing sessions involving a lower body resistance exercise component consisting of a lower intensity (50% of 1-repetition maximum; 1RM) protocol and a higher intensity (80% of 1RM) protocol of equal volumes. Muscle samples were obtained at before exercise, 45 min, 3 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise. Resistance exercise did not alter total PGC-1α mRNA expression; however, distinct responses of each PGC-1α isoform were observed. The response of each isoform was consistent between sessions, suggesting no effect of resistance exercise intensity on the complex transcriptional expression of the PGC-1α gene. IGF-1Ea mRNA expression significantly increased following the higher intensity session compared with pre-exercise and the lower intensity session. Myostatin mRNA expression was significantly reduced compared with pre-exercise values at all time points with no difference between exercise intensity. Further research is needed to determine the effects of the various isoforms of PGC-1α in human skeletal muscle on the translational level as well as their relation to the expression of IGF-1 and myostatin.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase activation and kinase expression in human skeletal muscle during fasting

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2082-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence L. Spriet ◽  
Rebecca J. Tunstall ◽  
Matthew J. Watt ◽  
Kate A. Mehan ◽  
Mark Hargreaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Transcriptional Activators ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Fasting forces adaptive changes in whole body and skeletal muscle metabolism that increase fat oxidation and decrease the oxidation of carbohydrate. We tested the hypothesis that 40 h of fasting would decrease pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and increase PDH kinase (PDK) isoform mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle. The putative transcriptional activators of PDK isozymes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) protein, and forkhead homolog in rhabdomyosarcoma (FKHR) mRNA were also measured. Eleven healthy adults fasted after a standard meal (25% fat, 60% carbohydrate, 15% protein) with blood and skeletal muscle samples taken at 3, 15, and 40 h postprandial. Fasting increased plasma free fatty acid, glycerol, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and decreased glucose and insulin concentrations. PDH activity decreased from 0.88 ± 0.11 mmol acetyl-CoA · min-1 · kg wet muscle wt-1 at 3 h to 0.62 ± 0.10 ( P = not significant) and 0.39 ± 0.06 ( P < 0.05) mmol · min-1 · kg wet mass-1 after 15 and 40 h of fasting. Although all four PDK isoforms were expressed in human skeletal muscle, PDK-2 and -4 mRNA were the most abundant. PDK-1 and -3 mRNA abundance was ∼1 and 15% of the PDK-2 and -4 levels, respectively. The 40-h fast had no effect on PDK-1, -2, and -3 mRNA expression. PDK-4 mRNA was significantly increased ∼3-fold after 15 h and ∼14-fold after 40 h of fasting. Skeletal muscle PPAR-α protein and FKHR mRNA abundance were unaffected by the fast. The results suggest that decreased PDH activation after 40 h of fasting may have been a function of the large increase in PDK-4 mRNA expression and possible subsequent increase in PDK protein and activity. The changes in PDK-4 expression and PDH activity did not coincide with increases in the transcriptional activators PPAR-α and FKHR.

Fasting and exercise differentially regulate BDNF mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy J. Walsh ◽  
Brittany A. Edgett ◽  
Michael E. Tschakovsky ◽  
Brendon J. Gurd
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Bdnf Gene ◽  
Bdnf Mrna ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Energetic Stress ◽  
Future Work

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression was measured in human skeletal muscle following 3 intensities of exercise and a 48-h fast. No change in BDNF mRNA was observed following exercise, while fasting upregulated BDNF by ∼3.5-fold. These changes were dissociated from changes in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) following exercise (+2- to 15-fold) and fasting (∼–25%). These results challenge our understanding of the response of BDNF to energetic stress and highlight the importance of future work in this area.

167-OR: Exercise Training Alters Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha (PGC-1 Alpha) DNA Methylation in Human Skeletal Muscle

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 167-OR
Author(s):  
SUNG LEE ◽  
LUIS GARCIA ◽  
ALMA D. LEON ◽  
ROCIO ZAPATA BUSTOS ◽  
BALTAZAR CAMPOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor
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