scholarly journals The effect of graded exercise on IL‐6 release and glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle

2003 ◽  
Vol 546 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn W. Helge ◽  
Bente Stallknecht ◽  
Bente Klarlund Pedersen ◽  
Henrik Galbo ◽  
Bente Kiens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Graded Exercise

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Resveratrol Supplementation on Glycogen Replenishment and Mitochondria Biogenesis in Exercised Human Skeletal Muscle

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3721
Author(s):  
Chun-Ching Huang ◽  
Chia-Chen Liu ◽  
Jung-Piao Tsao ◽  
Chin-Lin Hsu ◽  
I-Shiung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Resynthesis ◽  
Mitochondria Biogenesis

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of oral resveratrol supplementation on the key molecular gene expressions involved in mitochondria biogenesis and glycogen resynthesis in human skeletal muscle. Nine young male athletes participated in the single-blind and crossover designed study. All subjects completed a 4-day resveratrol and placebo supplement in a randomized order while performing a single bout of cycling exercise. Immediately after the exercise challenge, the subjects consumed a carbohydrate (CHO) meal (2 g CHO/Kg body mass) with either resveratrol or placebo capsules. Biopsied muscle samples, blood samples and expired gas samples were obtained at 0 h and 3 h after exercise. The muscle samples were measured for gene transcription factor expression by real-time PCR for glucose uptake and mitochondria biogenesis. Plasma glucose, insulin, glycerol, non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and respiratory exchange ratio were analyzed during post-exercise recovery periods. The results showed that the muscle glycogen concentrations were higher at 3 h than at 0 h; however, there were no difference between resveratrol trial and placebo trial. There were no significantly different concentrations in plasma parameters between the two trials. Similarly, no measured gene expressions were significant between the two trials. The evidence concluded that the 4-day oral resveratrol supplementation did not improve post-exercise muscle glycogen resynthesis and related glucose uptake and mitochondrial biosynthesis gene expression in men.

Does impaired mitochondrial function affect insulin signaling and action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells?

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. E97-E102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey E. Brown ◽  
Matthias Elstner ◽  
Stephen J. Yeaman ◽  
Douglass M. Turnbull ◽  
Mark Walker
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Basal Glucose Uptake

Insulin-resistant type 2 diabetic patients have been reported to have impaired skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory function. A key question is whether decreased mitochondrial respiration contributes directly to the decreased insulin action. To address this, a model of impaired cellular respiratory function was established by incubating human skeletal muscle cell cultures with the mitochondrial inhibitor sodium azide and examining the effects on insulin action. Incubation of human skeletal muscle cells with 50 and 75 μM azide resulted in 48 ± 3% and 56 ± 1% decreases, respectively, in respiration compared with untreated cells mimicking the level of impairment seen in type 2 diabetes. Under conditions of decreased respiratory chain function, insulin-independent (basal) glucose uptake was significantly increased. Basal glucose uptake was 325 ± 39 pmol/min/mg (mean ± SE) in untreated cells. This increased to 669 ± 69 and 823 ± 83 pmol/min/mg in cells treated with 50 and 75 μM azide, respectively (vs. untreated, both P < 0.0001). Azide treatment was also accompanied by an increase in basal glycogen synthesis and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase. However, there was no decrease in glucose uptake following insulin exposure, and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt was normal under these conditions. GLUT1 mRNA expression remained unchanged, whereas GLUT4 mRNA expression increased following azide treatment. In conclusion, under conditions of impaired mitochondrial respiration there was no evidence of impaired insulin signaling or glucose uptake following insulin exposure in this model system.

Effect of exercise on insulin action in human skeletal muscle

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Richter ◽  
K. J. Mikines ◽  
H. Galbo ◽  
B. Kiens
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Local Contraction

The effect of 1 h of dynamic one-legged exercise on insulin action in human muscle was studied in 6 healthy young men. Four hours after one-legged knee extensions, a three-step sequential euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp combined with arterial and bilateral femoral vein catheterization was performed. Increased insulin action on glucose uptake was found in the exercised compared with the rested thigh at mean plasma insulin concentrations of 23, 40, and 410 microU/ml. Furthermore, prior contractions directed glucose uptake toward glycogen synthesis and increased insulin effects on thigh O2 consumption and at some insulin concentrations on potassium exchange. In contrast, no change in insulin effects on limb exchange of free fatty acids, glycerol, alanine or tyrosine were found after exercise. Glycogen concentration in rested vastus lateralis muscle did not increase measurably during the clamp even though indirect estimates indicated net glycogen synthesis. In contrast, in exercised muscle estimated and biopsy-verified increases in muscle glycogen concentration agreed. Local contraction-induced increases in insulin sensitivity and responsiveness play an important role in postexercise recovery of human skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Interaction between insulin sensitivity and muscle perfusion on glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle: evidence for capillary recruitment

Diabetes ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Baron ◽  
M. Tarshoby ◽  
G. Hook ◽  
E. N. Lazaridis ◽  
J. Cronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Perfusion ◽  
Capillary Recruitment

Effects of adenosine, exercise, and moderate acute hypoxia on energy substrate utilization of human skeletal muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. R385-R390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka Heinonen ◽  
Jukka Kemppainen ◽  
Kimmo Kaskinoro ◽  
Juha E. Peltonen ◽  
Hannu T. Sipilä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake ◽  
Knee Extension Exercise

Glucose metabolism increases in hypoxia and can be influenced by endogenous adenosine, but the role of adenosine for regulating glucose metabolism at rest or during exercise in hypoxia has not been elucidated in humans. We studied the effects of exogenous adenosine on human skeletal muscle glucose uptake and other blood energy substrates [free fatty acid (FFA) and lactate] by infusing adenosine into the femoral artery in nine healthy young men. The role of endogenous adenosine was studied by intra-arterial adenosine receptor inhibition (aminophylline) during dynamic one-leg knee extension exercise in normoxia and acute hypoxia corresponding to ∼3,400 m of altitude. Extraction and release of energy substrates were studied by arterial-to-venous (A-V) blood samples, and total uptake or release was determined by the product of A-V differences and muscle nutritive perfusion measured by positron emission tomography. The results showed that glucose uptake increased from a baseline value of 0.2 ± 0.2 to 2.0 ± 2.2 μmol·100 g−1·min−1 during adenosine infusion ( P < 0.05) at rest. Although acute hypoxia enhanced arterial FFA levels, it did not affect muscle substrate utilization at rest. During exercise, glucose uptake was higher (195%) during acute hypoxia compared with normoxia ( P = 0.058), and aminophylline had no effect on energy substrate utilization during exercise, despite that arterial FFA levels were increased. In conclusion, exogenous adenosine at rest and acute moderate hypoxia during low-intensity knee-extension exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake, but the increase in hypoxia appears not to be mediated by adenosine.

Metabolism of Exercising and Resting Human Skeletal Muscle, in the Post-Prandial and Fasting States

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia G. B. Baker ◽  
R. F. Mottram
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Contraction Force ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Output

1. Methods are described for study of metabolism of human skeletal muscle in situ, at rest and during mild sustained contraction in the fed and fasted states. 2. At rest the average oxygen uptake was 0.29 ml min−1 100 ml of muscle−1 and the carbon dioxide output was 0.22 ml. Glucose uptake was 0.49 mg min−1 100 ml of muscle−1. The respiratory quotient was 0.75, indicating that most of the glucose was being stored. 3. When subjects made hand-grips of 5% of their maximal voluntary contraction force (5% MVC) the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanges both increased by six times while the glucose uptake increased by 70% of the resting value. 4. A 7 h fast before the observations were made severely decreased both resting and exercising glucose uptake but produced no other alteration in the metabolism of the muscle.

Prior exercise increases basal and insulin-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2337-2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah S. L. Thong ◽  
Wim Derave ◽  
Birgitte Ursø ◽  
Bente Kiens ◽  
Erik A. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Mapk Phosphorylation ◽  
Prior Exercise ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

We have examined the effects of insulin on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle and the effects of prior exercise hereon. Seven men performed 1-h one-legged knee extensor exercise 3 h before the initiation of a 100-min euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic (600 pmol/l) clamp. Glucose uptake across the legs was measured with the leg balance technique, and muscle biopsies were obtained from the rested and exercised vastus lateralis before and during insulin infusion. Net glucose uptake during the clamp was ∼50% higher ( P< 0.05) in the exercised leg than in the rested leg. Insulin induced a modest sustained 1.2- and 1.3-fold increase ( P < 0.05) in p38 MAPK phosphorylation in the rested and exercised legs, respectively. However, p38 phosphorylation was ∼50% higher ( P < 0.05) in the exercised compared with the rested leg before and during insulin infusion. We conclude that a physiological concentration of insulin causes modest but sustained activation of the p38 MAPK pathway in human skeletal muscle. Furthermore, the stimulatory effect of exercise on p38 phosphorylation is persistent for at least 3 h after exercise and remains evident during subsequent insulin stimulation. Because p38 MAPK has been suggested to play a necessary role in activation of GLUT-4 at the cell surface, the present data may suggest a putative role of p38 MAPK in the increased insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle after exercise.

Effect of postexercise carbohydrate supplementation on glucose uptake-associated gene expression in the human skeletal muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Shiung Cheng ◽  
Ning-Yuean Lee ◽  
Kai-Li Liu ◽  
Su-Fen Liao ◽  
Chiung-Hsueh Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation
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