scholarly journals Is resting state HCO3- secretion in frog gastric fundus mucosa mediated by apical Cl(-)-HCO3- exchange?

1997 ◽  
Vol 499 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Caroppo ◽  
L Debellis ◽  
G Valenti ◽  
S Alper ◽  
E Frömter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Gastric Fundus ◽  
Gastric Fundus Mucosa

Contribution of surface epithelial cells to total conductance of Necturus gastric fundus mucosa

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (6) ◽  
pp. G902-G908 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kottra ◽  
C. Iacovelli ◽  
R. Caroppo ◽  
S. Curci ◽  
P. Bakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Voltage Divider ◽  
Gastric Fundus ◽  
Total Conductance ◽  
In Vitro Activation ◽  
Transepithelial Voltage ◽  
Gastric Fundus Mucosa ◽  
Voltage Divider Ratio ◽  
Microelectrode Techniques

Microelectrode techniques were used to quantify the contribution of surface epithelial cells (SEC) to transepithelial conductance (gt) of Necturus gastric fundus mucosa. Transepithelial voltage (Vt) and resistance (Rt) as well as the basolateral cell membrane potential (Vb) and voltage divider ratio of SEC were measured. Freshly mounted preparations did not respond to luminal amiloride (10 microM), but within 2-3 h a significant response developed (delta Vt = 3.8 +/- 1.2 mV, delta Rt = 63 +/- 23 omega cm2, and delta Vb = -6.9 +/- 1.3 mV), indicating activation of an apical Na+ conductance in SEC. Using circuit analysis equations, we calculate that SEC contribute 10.4% to gt under control conditions and 13.0% after Na+ conductance activation. Histamine (0.1 mM), which stimulates the oxyntopeptic cells (OC), increased Vt and decreased Rt but did not significantly alter the membrane resistances of SEC. As a result, the contribution of SEC to gt fell to 7.4 or 9.3%, respectively. The data confirm that SEC are poorly permeable and that the major conductance path across gastric mucosa leads through OC in the glands. The reason for the protracted in vitro activation of the apical Na+ conductance in SEC is not known.

Electron Probe Analysis of Muscle

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 398-401
Author(s):  
A. V. Somlyo ◽  
H. Shuman ◽  
A. P. Somlyo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Frog Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Probe Analysis

Electron probe analysis of frozen dried cryosections of frog skeletal muscle, rabbit vascular smooth muscle and of isolated, hyperpermeab1 e rabbit cardiac myocytes has been used to determine the composition of the cytoplasm and organelles in the resting state as well as during contraction. The concentration of elements within the organelles reflects the permeabilities of the organelle membranes to the cytoplasmic ions as well as binding sites. The measurements of [Ca] in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria at rest and during contraction, have direct bearing on their role as release and/or storage sites for Ca in situ.

Inter-Method Reliability of Pulse Volume Related Measures Derived Using Finger-Photoplethysmography

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Matsumura ◽  
Koichi Shimizu ◽  
Peter Rolfe ◽  
Masanori Kakimoto ◽  
Takehiro Yamakoshi
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Current Component ◽  
Psychophysiological Measures ◽  
Pulse Volume ◽  
Optical Paths ◽  
Sensor Positions

Abstract. Pulse volume (PV) and its related measures, such as modified normalized pulse volume (mNPV), direct-current component (DC), and pulse rate (PR), derived from the finger-photoplethysmogram (FPPG), are useful psychophysiological measures. Although considerable uncertainties exist in finger-photoplethysmography, little is known about the extent of the adverse effects on the measures. In this study, we therefore examined the inter-method reliability of each index across sensor positions and light intensities, which are major disturbance factors of FPPG. From the tips of the index fingers of 12 participants in a resting state, three simultaneous FPPGs having overlapping optical paths were recorded, with their light intensity being changed in three steps. The analysis revealed that the minimum values of three coefficients of Cronbach’s α for ln PV, ln mNPV, ln DC, and PR across positions were .948, .850, .922, and 1.000, respectively, and that those across intensities were .774, .985, .485, and .998, respectively. These findings suggest that ln mNPV and PR can be used for psychophysiological studies irrespective of minor differences in sensor attachment positions and light source intensity, whereas and ln DC can also be used for such studies but under the condition of light intensity being fixed.

Physical Fitness and Resting EEG in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Relationship

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a deviant pattern of brain oscillations during resting state, particularly elevated theta power and increased theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios that are related to cognitive functioning. Physical fitness has been found beneficial to cognitive performance in a wide age population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in children with ADHD. EEG was recorded during eyes-open resting for 28 children (23 boys and 5 girls, 8.66 ± 1.10 years) with ADHD, and a battery of physical fitness assessments including flexibility, muscular endurance, power, and agility tests were administered. The results indicated that ADHD children with higher power fitness exhibited a smaller theta/alpha ratio than those with lower power fitness. These findings suggest that power fitness may be associated with improved attentional self-control in children with ADHD.

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