scholarly journals An analysis of the regulation of sodium excretion during induced changes in plasma sodium concentration in anaesthetized dogs.

1981 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 531-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Gordon ◽  
F S Nashat ◽  
C S Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Induced Changes

Dietary Sodium Intake: A Determinant of Postprandial Plasma Sodium Concentration in the Dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Schneider ◽  
Sarah D. Gleason ◽  
A. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration

1. The effect of dietary sodium intake on pre-and post-prandial plasma sodium concentrations and on the pattern of sodium and potassium excretion was determined in conscious female dogs, who were allowed free access to water and were fed on commercial low sodium diets supplemented with 0, 50, 100 or 250 mmol of sodium chloride/day for 6 days. 2. The preprandial plasma sodium concentration was not altered by the dietary sodium intake. However, the 4 h postprandial plasma sodium concentration was linearly related to the magnitude of dietary sodium intake, whereas the 8 h postprandial plasma sodium concentration was elevated only in dogs receiving 250 mmol of sodium/day. 3. The (0–8 h/0–24 h) ratio for urinary sodium excretion was significantly correlated with both the dietary sodium intake and the postprandial increase in plasma sodium concentration. 4. The 24 h excretion of potassium was not markedly affected by the dietary sodium intake; however, the (0–8 h/0–24 h) ratio for potassium excretion was significantly correlated with both the dietary sodium intake and the (0–8 h/0–24 h) ratio for sodium excretion. 5. These data indicate that: (a) postprandial increases in plasma sodium concentration need to be considered when evaluating the mechanisms involved in the daily regulation of sodium balance; (b) the daily pattern of potassium excretion is closely linked to the dietary sodium intake.

Aldosterone and the enhanced natriuresis of hypertonic infusions in the dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. F30-F37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Childers ◽  
E. G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Load

The purpose of this study was to determine whether small elevations in plasma sodium concentration (PNa) were effective in decreasing aldosterone secretion and, hence, in increasing sodium excretion in dogs fed normal sodium diets. Ten dogs fed a normal sodium diet, six DOCA-treated dogs, and four adrenalectomized dogs were given the same sodium load (2.5 mmol/kg) either as a hypertonic (1 M NaCl) or hypotonic (0.1 M NaCl) infusion. In all three groups of dogs, PNa was greater after the hypertonic than after the hypotonic infusion during most of the 22-h experiment. The dogs fed a normal sodium diet responded to the elevation in PNa (hypertonic infusion) with decreased aldosterone excretion and an exaggerated natriuresis. When aldosterone levels were maintained constant by either DOCA treatment or adrenalectomy, the exaggerated natriuresis that accompanied the hypertonic infusion was prevented. Therefore, elevation of PNa appears to be an important determinant of aldosterone secretion and, hence, of sodium excretion in conscious dogs fed normal sodium diets.

Effect of Hypertonic and Hypotonic Infusions on Aldosterone in Conscious Sodium-Depleted Dogs

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer W. Childers ◽  
E. G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Load

1. The role of the plasma sodium concentration in the regulation of aldosterone secretion and sodium excretion was investigated by comparing in 13 conscious sodium-depleted dogs the effects of the same sodium load (2.5 mmol/kg) given as either a hypertonic or hypotonic infusion. 2. The plasma sodium concentration was significantly higher and the plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary aldosterone excretion were significantly lower after the hypertonic infusion as compared with the hypotonic infusion. 3. The cumulative urinary sodium excretion during the 22 h after beginning the infusion was significantly greater after the hypertonic infusion, but this difference was not observed in five sodium-depleted dogs who were treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate before the infusions were given. 4. These data suggest that elevations in plasma sodium concentration are effective in decreasing aldosterone secretion and, hence, in increasing sodium excretion in conscious sodium-depleted dogs.

SURVEY IN SERUM ADH CONCENTRATION IN TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY PATIENTS

2014 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Dung Ngo ◽  
Thi Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Khanh Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Closed Head Injury ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Closed Head

Objective: Study on 106 patients with closed head injury, assessment of serum ADH concentration, correlation with Glasgow score, sodium and plasma osmotic pressure. Patients and methods: Patients with closed head injuries were diagnosed determined by computerized tomography, admitted to the Hue Central Hospital 72 hours ago. Results: (i) Serum concentration of ADH 42.21 ± 47.80 pg/ml. (ii) There is a negative correlation between serum levels of ADH with: (1) Glasgow point r = -0.323, p <0.01; (2) Plasma sodium concentration r = - 0.211, p > 0.05; (3) Plasma osmotic pressure r = - 0.218, p> 0.05. Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between serum levels of ADH with Glasgow scale, plasma sodium concentration and osmotic pressure in plasma. Key words: ADH traumatic brain injury.

scholarly journals Effects of Tissue Sodium Storage on Plasma Sodium Concentration in Response to Hypo- and Hypertonic Stimuli

Nephron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rosa D. Wouda ◽  
Rik H.G. Olde Engberink ◽  
Eliane F.E. Wenstedt ◽  
Jetta J. Oppelaar ◽  
Liffert Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Storage ◽  
Tissue Sodium

Effects of homologous atrial natriuretic peptide on drinking and plasma ANG II level in eels

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. R1605-R1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamasa Tsuchida ◽  
Yoshio Takei
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Drinking Rate ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The effects of eel atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on drinking were investigated in eels adapted to freshwater (FW) or seawater (SW) or in FW eels whose drinking was stimulated by a 2-ml hemorrhage. An intra-arterial infusion of ANP (0.3–3.0 pmol ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1), which increased plasma ANP level 1.5- to 20-fold, inhibited drinking dose dependently in all groups of eels. The drinking rate recovered to the level before ANP infusion within 2 h after infusate was replaced by saline. The inhibition at 3.0 pmol ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1was profound in FW eels and hemorrhaged FW eels, whereas significant drinking still remained after inhibition in SW eels. Plasma ANG II concentration also decreased dose dependently during ANP infusion and recovered to the initial level after saline infusion in all groups of eels. The decrease at 3.0 pmol ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1was large in FW eels and hemorrhaged FW eels compared with that of SW eels. Thus the changes in drinking rate and plasma ANG II level were parallel during ANP infusion. Plasma sodium concentration and osmolality decreased during ANP infusion in SW and FW eels, and they were restored after saline infusion. In hemorrhaged FW eels, however, ANP infusion did not alter plasma sodium concentration and osmolality. Hematocrit did not change during ANP infusion in any group of eels. Collectively, ANP infusion at physiological doses decreased drinking rate and plasma ANG II concentration in parallel in both FW and SW eels. It remains undetermined whether the inhibition of drinking is caused by direct action of ANP or through inhibition of ANG II, which is known as a potent dipsogen in all vertebrate species, including eels.

scholarly journals Plasma and Electrolyte Changes in Exercising Humans After Ingestion of Multiple Boluses of Pickle Juice

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. McKenney ◽  
Kevin C. Miller ◽  
James E. Deal ◽  
Julie A. Garden-Robinson ◽  
Yeong S. Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Plasma Sodium Concentration

Context: Twenty-five percent of athletic trainers administer pickle juice (PJ) to treat cramping. Anecdotally, some clinicians provide multiple boluses of PJ during exercise but warn that repeated ingestion of PJ may cause hyperkalemia. To our knowledge, no researchers have examined the effect of ingesting multiple boluses of PJ on the same day or the effect of ingestion during exercise. Objective: To determine the short-term effects of ingesting a single bolus or multiple boluses of PJ on plasma variables and to characterize changes in plasma variables when individuals ingest PJ and resume exercise. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Nine euhydrated men (age = 23 ± 4 years, height = 180.9 ± 5.8 cm, mass = 80.7 ± 13.8 kg, urine specific gravity = 1.009 ± 0.005). Intervention(s): On 3 days, participants rested for 30 minutes, and then a blood sample was collected. Participants ingested 0 or 1 bolus (1 mL·kg−1 body weight) of PJ, donned sweat suits, biked vigorously for 30 minutes (approximate temperature = 37°C, relative humidity = 18%), and had a blood sample collected. They either rested for 60 seconds (0- and 1-bolus conditions) or ingested a second 1 mL·kg−1 body weight bolus of PJ (2-bolus condition). They resumed exercise for another 35 minutes. A third blood sample was collected, and they exited the environmental chamber and rested for 60 minutes (approximate temperature = 21°C, relative humidity = 18%). Blood samples were collected at 30 and 60 minutes postexercise. Main Outcome Measure(s): Plasma sodium concentration, plasma potassium concentration, plasma osmolality, and changes in plasma volume. Results: The number of PJ boluses ingested did not affect plasma sodium concentration, plasma potassium concentration, plasma osmolality, or changes in plasma volume over time. The plasma sodium concentration, plasma potassium concentration, and plasma osmolality did not exceed 144.6 mEq·L−1 (144.6 mmol·L−1), 4.98 mEq·L−1 (4.98 mmol·L−1), and 289.5 mOsm·kg−1H2O, respectively, in any condition at any time. Conclusions: Ingesting up to 2 boluses of PJ and resuming exercise caused negligible changes in blood variables. Ingesting up to 2 boluses of PJ did not increase plasma sodium concentration or cause hyperkalemia.

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