scholarly journals Effects of dynamic and static neck suction on muscle nerve sympathetic activity, heart rate and blood pressure in man.

1981 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 551-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Båth ◽  
L E Lindblad ◽  
B G Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Muscle Nerve

Autonomic control of vasovagal syncope

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. H2110-H2115 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jardine ◽  
Hamid Ikram ◽  
Christopher M. Frampton ◽  
Rachell Frethey ◽  
Sinclair I. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Vasovagal Syncope ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Muscle Nerve

In the pathophysiological study of vasovagal syncope, the nature of the interaction between baroreceptor sensitivity (BS), sympathetic withdrawal, and parasympathetic activity has yet to be ascertained. Altered BS may predispose toward abnormal sympathetic and parasympathetic responses to orthostasis, causing hypotension that may progress to syncope if there is sympathetic withdrawal. To examine this hypothesis, we monitored blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), BS, forearm blood flow, and muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MNSA) continuously in 18 vasovagal patients during 60° head-up tilt, syncope, and recovery. Results were compared with those of 17 patients who were able to tolerate tilt for 45 min. During early tilt, BP was maintained in both groups by an increase in HR and MNSA from baseline ( P < 0.01), but BS decreased more in the syncopal group ( P < 0.05). At the start of presyncope (mean 2.7 ± 0.2 min before syncope and 15.2 ± 12 min after tilt), when BP fell, HR and sympathetic activity remained increased from baseline ( P< 0.01). Thereafter, BP and HR correlated directly with sympathetic activity and regressed in linear fashion until syncope ( P < 0.001), whereas BS increased to baseline. At syncope, BP, HR, and sympathetic activity fell below baseline ( P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively), but BS did not increase. During recovery, sympathetic activity increased to baseline and BS increased ( P < 0.05), whereas HR and BP remained low ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The mechanism for the initiation of hypotension during presyncope remains unknown, but BS may contribute. Vasodilatation and bradycardia during presyncope appear to be more closely related to withdrawal of sympathetic activity than to increased parasympathetic cardiac activity.

Hypolipidemic drugs, blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability and sympathetic activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 1262 ◽  
pp. 458-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ceska ◽  
Vojtech Melenovsky ◽  
Jan Malik ◽  
Eva Kralikova ◽  
Tomas Stulc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Hypolipidemic Drugs

Low Frequency Music Slows Heart Rate and Decreases Sympathetic Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Halbert ◽  
Debra R. Van Tuyll ◽  
Carl Purdy ◽  
Guang Hao ◽  
Steven Cauthron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Objectives: Increasing blood pressure (BP) increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lower frequency music may lower BP and heart rate (HR), therefore, decreases the CVD risk. Methods: Participants were 16 high BP individuals aged 20 to 50 years. The protocol consisted of 2 visits (experimental & control). Music was tuned between 440 Hz and 432 Hz, and the frequencies changed every 10 minutes. HR variability, diastolic function, oxytocin, and amylase were recorded at each phase. An (ANOVA) was used to examine the effects of music. Results: Mental arithmetic significantly increased BP and HR (all ps<0.01). There were significant differences between the stress condition and all other conditions, all p’s < .02. There was a significant main effect for Music Order, F (1, 6) = 6.23, p = .047, ƞp2= .51, β = .55. Participants had lower HR listening to 432 Hz music (M = -7.20, se = 2.47) than 440 Hz music (M = -5.33, se = 2.71), t(7) = 2.53, p = .04, d ‘ = .41. Conclusion: Listening to low frequency music has cardiovascular benefits including slowing heart rate and promoting relaxation. Further study is needed to determine the underlying mechanisms of music induced beneficial effects.

scholarly journals Reno-Renal and Reno-Adrenal Reflexes in the Rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 323s-325s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Recordati ◽  
S. Genovesi ◽  
D. Cerati ◽  
R. Di Cintio
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Natural Stimuli ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
Excitatory Responses

1. Experiments were carried out to investigate whether the activation of renal chemoceptive receptors by natural stimuli might induce reflex alterations of efferent postganglionic activity to the ipsilateral kidney and preganglionic activity to the ipsilateral adrenal. 2. In anaesthetized rats with intact nervous system back-flow of urine and occlusion of the renal artery were accompanied by increments in efferent sympathetic activity both to the kidney and adrenal without concomitant changes in heart rate and blood pressure. 3. Greater excitatory responses in nerve activity to the same test stimuli were observed in rats with the spinal cord cut at C1. 4. These results indicate that the natural activation of renal chemoceptive receptors might induce reno-renal and reno-adrenal excitatory reflexes which are likely to be integrated at spinal and supraspinal levels.

Cardiovascular and Catecholamine Changes After Administration of Pancuronium in Distressed Neonates

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
Luis A. Cabal ◽  
Bijan Siassi ◽  
Raul Artal ◽  
Felipe Gonzalez ◽  
Joan Hodgman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Intraventricular Hemorrhage ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Blood Pressures

Heart rate, blood pressure, transcutaneous gases, and catecholamine changes following intravenous injection of pancuronium were evaluated in seven ill newborn infants (birth weight: 1,280 to 4,500 g; gestational age, 29 to 42 weeks). Each infant was monitored continuously for 30 minutes before and 50 minutes after infusion of the paralyzing agent. There were no significant changes in transcutaneous gases, whereas significant increases in heart rate; systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures; and blood norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were found. The increase in heart rate lasted for 30 minutes, and the increase in blood pressure persisted for 50 minutes after administration of the drug. Because of the potential relationship between increased blood pressure and intraventricular hemorrhage and myocardial dysfunction, heart rate and blood pressure must be monitored during infusion of pancuronium in distressed newborns. These data suggest that pancuronium stimulates sympathetic activity in distressed newborns.

Muscle–Nerve Sympathetic Activity in Man. Relationship to Blood Pressure in Resting Normo- and Hyper-Tensive Subjects

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 387s-389s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sundlöf ◽  
B. G. Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Muscle Nerve ◽  
Pressure Changes

1. Simultaneous recordings of multi-unit muscle nerve sympathetic activity and arterial blood pressure were made in 29 subjects, 17 healthy and 12 hypertensive. The neural activity, quantified by counting the number of pulse-synchronous sympathetic bursts in the mean voltage neurogram (burst incidence), was plotted against blood pressure. The effect of spontaneous temporary blood pressure fluctuations was studied by correlating different pressure parameters of individual heart beats to the occurrence of a sympathetic burst. 2. Between subjects there were marked differences in burst incidence but no correlation was found to interindividual differences in blood pressure level. 3. When for each heart beat the occurrence of a burst was correlated to different pressure parameters there was a close negative correlation to diastolic, a low correlation to systolic, and an intermediate negative correlation to mean blood pressure. 4. In a given subject, when comparing heart beats with the same diastolic pressure, the occurrence and the amplitudes of the sympathetic bursts were higher during falling than during rising pressure. This directional dependence of the muscle—nerve sympathetic activity was slightly more pronounced in the hypertensive group, but this was considered secondary to the hypertension. 5. The findings of an intimate correlation with dynamic variations in blood pressure and the absence of correlation to the static blood pressure suggest that the sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle is of importance for buffering acute blood pressure changes but has little influence on the long-term blood pressure.

Sequential Changes in Plasma Noradrenaline during Bicycle Exercise

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. S. Watson ◽  
C. A. Hamilton ◽  
D. H. Jones ◽  
J. L. Reid ◽  
T. J. Stallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Bicycle Exercise ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Exercise Blood Pressure ◽  
Venous Plasma

1. Forearm venous plasma noradrenaline, heart rate and intra-arterial blood pressure were measured sequentially during and after upright bicycle exercise in five normotensive and six hypertensive patients. 2. Plasma noradrenaline increased significantly between 4 and 8 min during exercise. 3. On stopping exercise blood pressure and heart rate decreased rapidly whilst plasma noradrenaline increased in each subject to reach a maximum at a median time of 108 s after exercise. 4. Plasma noradrenaline decreased in five of six normotensive patients between the end of exercise and 2 min after exercise performed in the supine position. 5. Evidence in favour of a reflex increase in sympathetic activity after upright exercise is discussed.

scholarly journals Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability in Female Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawser Jahan ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Autonomic Nerve Function

Background: Association of increased cardiovascular morbidity and higher sympathetic activity in  patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been recognized. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful  measure to assess sympatho-vagal balance.Objective: To assess autonomic nerve function status in  patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) by HRV analysis.Methods: This cross sectional study was  conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University  (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka from January to December 2010. Sixty female RA patients aged 18-50  years were included in the study group. They were enrolled from the Out Patient Department of  Rheumatology Wing of the Department of Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka. For comparison age matched  thirty apparently healthy females were also studied as control. The HRV parameters were recorded by  a Polyrite machine. For statistical analysis independent sample t test was used.Results: Mean resting  pulse rate, diastolic blood pressure and mean systolic blood pressure were higher in rheumatoid  arthritis patients in comparison to those of healthy control. Mean values of LF power, LF norm and LF/  HF were significantly higher (p<0.001) & TP and HF power, HF norm were significantly lower (p<0.001)  in RA patients in comparison to those of healthy control.Conclusion: This study may conclude that  sympathetic activity was higher with lower parasympathetic activity along with shifting of  sympathovagal balance towards sympathetic predominance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11153 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 8-12

Plasma noradrenaline in Goldblatt models of renovascular hypertension in the rat, before and after surgical reversal

1986 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Walker ◽  
R. F. Bing ◽  
J. D. Swales ◽  
H. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
2K1c Hypertension

1. Plasma noradrenaline (NA), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured simultaneously in conscious rats under basal conditions in the early phase (4–6 weeks) of one-kidney, one-clip hypertension (1K1C), in the early (4–6 weeks) and chronic (> 16 weeks) phases of the two-kidney, one-clip model (2K1C) and in age-matched loose clip control animals before and 2 days after unclipping. 2. The elevated BP in all three hypertensive groups fell to normal after unclipping, whereas removal of the constricting clip in loose clip controls had no effect on BP. 3. Plasma NA was elevated in 1K1C hypertension (P < 0.05) and fell slightly but non-significantly on unclipping. However, in the early phase of 2K1C hypertension plasma NA was unaltered before and rose significantly (P < 0.05) after unclipping. Plasma NA did not change with unclipping in the chronic phase of 2K1C hypertension and was not different from controls. Unclipping loose clip control animals produced no change in plasma NA. 4. Changes in HR on unclipping followed a similar pattern to changes in plasma NA: changes in the two variables were significantly correlated in all three models (1K1C: r = 0.61, P < 0.005; early 2K1C: r = 0.45, P < 0.05; chronic 2K1C: r = 0.62, P < 0.01). However, BP was only correlated with plasma NA in 1K1C hypertension (r = 0.49, P < 0.02) and not in either phase of the 2K1C model. There was also a highly significant correlation between HR and plasma NA in 1K1C hypertension (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). The pattern of the changes in plasma NA and HR that occurred with reversal of 1K1C hypertension was significantly different from those in the early phase 2K1C model (P < 0.05). 5. These data suggest that there is sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation in the early phase of 1K1C hypertension, but provide no evidence for increased sympathetic activity in either the early or chronic phases of the 2K1C model. Neither do they support the hypothesis that the fall in BP with unclipping in this model is mediated by reduced SNS activity.

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