scholarly journals The angular selectivity of visual cortical cells to moving gratings

1968 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Campbell ◽  
B. G. Cleland ◽  
G. F. Cooper ◽  
Christina Enroth-Cugell
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
Angular Selectivity

scholarly journals Membrane properties and spike generation in rat visual cortical cells during reversible cooling

2000 ◽  
Vol 522 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Volgushev ◽  
Trichur R. Vidyasagar ◽  
Marina Chistiakova ◽  
Tagrid Yousef ◽  
Ulf T. Eysel
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Spike Generation ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Visual Cortical

Degradation of stimulus selectivity of visual cortical cells in senescent rhesus monkeys

10.1038/73957 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Schmolesky ◽  
Youngchang Wang ◽  
Mingliang Pu ◽  
Audie G. Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Visual Cortical

Postnatal development of functional properties of visual cortical cells in rats with excitotoxic lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosita Siciliano ◽  
Gigliola Fontanesi ◽  
Fiorella Casamenti ◽  
Nicoletta Berardi ◽  
Paola Bagnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Visual Cortical

AbstractIn the rat, visual cortical cells develop their functional properties during a period termed as critical period, which is included between eye opening, i.e.˘postnatal day (PD) 15, and PD40. The present investigation was aimed at studying the influence of cortical cholinergic afferents from the basal forebrain (BF) on the development of functional properties of visual cortical neurons. At PD15, rats were unilaterally deprived of the cholinergic input to the visual cortex by stereotaxic injections of quisqualic acid in BF cholinergic nuclei projecting to the visual cortex. Cortical cell functional properties, such as ocular dominance, orientation selectivity, receptive-field size, and cell responsiveness were then assessed by extracellular recordings in the visual cortex ipsilateral to the lesioned BF both during the critical period (PD30) and after its end (PD45). After the recording session, the rats were sacrificed and the extent of both cholinergic lesion in BF and cholinergic depletion in the visual cortex was determined. Our results show that lesion of BF cholinergic nuclei transiently alters the ocular dominance of visual cortical cells while it does not affect the other functional properties tested. In particular, in lesioned animals recorded during the critical period, a higher percentage of visual cortical cells was driven by the contralateral eye with respect to normal animals. After the end of the critical period, the ocular dominance distribution of animals with cholinergic deafferentation was not significantly different from that of controls. Our results suggest the possibility that lesions of BF cholinergic neurons performed during postnatal development only transiently interfere with cortical competitive processes.

Gamma Oscillation Maintains Stimulus Structure-Dependent Synchronization in Cat Visual Cortex

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Samonds ◽  
A. B. Bonds
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Gamma Oscillation ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Cortical Cells ◽  
Structured Input ◽  
Response Onset ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Visual Cortical

Visual cortical cells demonstrate both oscillation and synchronization, although the underlying causes and functional significance of these behaviors remain uncertain. We simultaneously recorded single-unit activity with microelectrode arrays in supragranular layers of area 17 of cats paralyzed and anesthetized with propofol and N2O. Rate-normalized autocorrelograms of 24 cells reveal bursting (100%) and gamma oscillation (63%). Renewal density analysis, used to explore the source of oscillation, suggests a contribution from extrinsic influences such as feedback. However, a bursting refractory period, presumably membrane-based, could also encourage oscillatory firing. When we investigated the source of synchronization for 60 cell pairs we found only moderate correlation of synchrony with bursts and oscillation. We did, nonetheless, discover a possible functional role for oscillation. In all cases of cross-correlograms that exhibited oscillation, the strength of the synchrony was maintained throughout the stimulation period. When no oscillation was apparent, 75% of the cell pairs showed decay in their synchronization. The synchrony between cells is strongly dependent on similar response onset latencies. We therefore propose that structured input, which yields tight organization of latency, is a more likely candidate for the source of synchronization than oscillation. The reliable synchrony at response onset could be driven by spatial and temporal correlation of the stimulus that is preserved through the earlier stages of the visual system. Oscillation then contributes to maintenance of the synchrony to enhance reliable transmission of the information for higher cognitive processing.

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