Exercise and ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle hypertrophy: impact of genetic and epigenetic factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Solsona ◽  
Anthony M. J. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

scholarly journals Regulation of Ribosome Biogenesis in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

Physiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandré Casagrande Figueiredo ◽  
John J. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Important Regulator

The ribosome is the enzymatic macromolecular machine responsible for protein synthesis. The rates of protein synthesis are primarily dependent on translational efficiency and capacity. Ribosome biogenesis has emerged as an important regulator of skeletal muscle growth and maintenance by altering the translational capacity of the cell. Here, we provide evidence to support a central role for ribosome biogenesis in skeletal muscle growth during postnatal development and in response to resistance exercise training. Furthermore, we discuss the cellular signaling pathways regulating ribosome biogenesis, discuss how myonuclear accretion affects translational capacity, and explore future areas of investigation within the field.

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E is dispensable for skeletal muscle hypertrophy

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. C1247-C1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandre C. Figueiredo ◽  
Davis A. Englund ◽  
Ivan J. Vechetti ◽  
Alexander Alimov ◽  
Charlotte A. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Phosphorylation Site ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4E ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Mechanical Overload

The eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a major mRNA cap-binding protein that has a central role in translation initiation. Ser209 is the single phosphorylation site within eIF4E and modulates its activity in response to MAPK pathway activation. It has been reported that phosphorylation of eIF4E at Ser209 promotes translation of key mRNAs, such as cyclin D1, that regulate ribosome biogenesis. We hypothesized that phosphorylation at Ser209 is required for skeletal muscle growth in response to a hypertrophic stimulus by promoting ribosome biogenesis. To test this hypothesis, wild-type (WT) and eIF4E knocked-in (KI) mice were subjected to synergist ablation to induce muscle hypertrophy of the plantaris muscle as the result of mechanical overload; in the KI mouse, Ser209 of eIF4E was replaced with a nonphosphorylatable alanine. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed no difference in the magnitude of hypertrophy between WT and KI groups in response to 14 days of mechanical overload induced by synergist ablation. Similarly, the increases in cyclin D1 protein levels, ribosome biogenesis, and translational capacity did not differ between WT and KI groups. Based on these findings, we conclude that phosphorylation of eIF4E at Ser209 is dispensable for skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to mechanical overload.

scholarly journals Ribosome Biogenesis is Necessary for Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wen ◽  
Alexander P. Alimov ◽  
John J. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

scholarly journals Hypertrophy of Rat Skeletal Muscle Is Associated with Increased SIRT1/Akt/mTOR/S6 and Suppressed Sestrin2/SIRT3/FOXO1 Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7588
Author(s):  
Zoltan Gombos ◽  
Erika Koltai ◽  
Ferenc Torma ◽  
Peter Bakonyi ◽  
Attila Kolonics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Rat Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Plantaris Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Intensive Investigation

Despite the intensive investigation of the molecular mechanism of skeletal muscle hypertrophy, the underlying signaling processes are not completely understood. Therefore, we used an overload model, in which the main synergist muscles (gastrocnemius, soleus) of the plantaris muscle were surgically removed, to cause a significant overload in the remaining plantaris muscle of 8-month-old Wistar male rats. SIRT1-associated pro-anabolic, pro-catabolic molecular signaling pathways, NAD and H2S levels of this overload-induced hypertrophy were studied. Fourteen days of overload resulted in a significant 43% (p < 0.01) increase in the mass of plantaris muscle compared to sham operated animals. Cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) activities and bioavailable H2S levels were not modified by overload. On the other hand, overload-induced hypertrophy of skeletal muscle was associated with increased SIRT1 (p < 0.01), Akt (p < 0.01), mTOR, S6 (p < 0.01) and suppressed sestrin 2 levels (p < 0.01), which are mostly responsible for anabolic signaling. Decreased FOXO1 and SIRT3 signaling (p < 0.01) suggest downregulation of protein breakdown and mitophagy. Decreased levels of NAD+, sestrin2, OGG1 (p < 0.01) indicate that the redox milieu of skeletal muscle after 14 days of overloading is reduced. The present investigation revealed novel cellular interactions that regulate anabolic and catabolic processes in the hypertrophy of skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Is an Energy Surplus Required to Maximize Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy Associated With Resistance Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary John Slater ◽  
Brad P. Dieter ◽  
Damian James Marsh ◽  
Eric Russell Helms ◽  
Gregory Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Energy Surplus

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle hypertrophy and structure and function of skeletal muscle fibres in male body builders

2006 ◽  
Vol 570 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe D'Antona ◽  
Francesca Lanfranconi ◽  
Maria Antonietta Pellegrino ◽  
Lorenza Brocca ◽  
Raffaella Adami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
And Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Fibres
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document