scholarly journals Housing temperature affects the acute and chronic metabolic adaptations to exercise in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 597 (17) ◽  
pp. 4581-4600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg L. McKie ◽  
Kyle D. Medak ◽  
Carly M. Knuth ◽  
Hesham Shamshoum ◽  
Logan K. Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Housing Temperature

scholarly journals Difference in Housing Temperature‐Induced Energy Expenditure Elicits Sex‐Specific Diet‐Induced Metabolic Adaptations in Mice

Obesity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1922-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Matthew Morris ◽  
Roberto D. Noland ◽  
Julie A. Allen ◽  
Colin S. McCoin ◽  
Qing Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Housing Temperature ◽  
Specific Diet

The Role of Zinc in Thyroid Hormones Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Severo ◽  
Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais ◽  
Taynáh Emannuelle Coelho de Freitas ◽  
Ana Letícia Pereira Andrade ◽  
Mayara Monte Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract. Thyroid hormones play an important role in body homeostasis by facilitating metabolism of lipids and glucose, regulating metabolic adaptations, responding to changes in energy intake, and controlling thermogenesis. Proper metabolism and action of these hormones requires the participation of various nutrients. Among them is zinc, whose interaction with thyroid hormones is complex. It is known to regulate both the synthesis and mechanism of action of these hormones. In the present review, we aim to shed light on the regulatory effects of zinc on thyroid hormones. Scientific evidence shows that zinc plays a key role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, specifically by regulating deiodinases enzymes activity, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) synthesis, as well as by modulating the structures of essential transcription factors involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Serum concentrations of zinc also appear to influence the levels of serum T3, T4 and TSH. In addition, studies have shown that Zinc transporters (ZnTs) are present in the hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid, but their functions remain unknown. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the roles of zinc in regulation of thyroid hormones metabolism, and their importance in the treatment of several diseases associated with thyroid gland dysfunction.

Thermoneutral housing does not influence fat mass or glucose homeostasis in C57BL/6 mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewin Small ◽  
Henry Gong ◽  
Christian Yassmin ◽  
Gregory J Cooney ◽  
Amanda E Brandon
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Housing Temperature ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Obesogenic Diet

One major factor affecting physiology often overlooked when comparing data from animal models and humans is the effect of ambient temperature. The majority of rodent housing is maintained at ~22°C, the thermoneutral temperature for lightly clothed humans. However, mice have a much higher thermoneutral temperature of ~30°C, consequently data collected at 22°C in mice could be influenced by animals being exposed to a chronic cold stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of housing temperature on glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism of mice fed normal chow or a high-fat, obesogenic diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6J(Arc) mice were housed at standard temperature (22°C) or at thermoneutrality (29°C) and fed either chow or a 60% HFD for 13 weeks. The HFD increased fat mass and produced glucose intolerance as expected but this was not exacerbated in mice housed at thermoneutrality. Changing the ambient temperature, however, did alter energy expenditure, food intake, lipid content and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle, liver and brown adipose tissue. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mice regulate energy balance at different housing temperatures to maintain whole-body glucose tolerance and adiposity irrespective of the diet. Despite this, metabolic differences in individual tissues were apparent. In conclusion, dietary intervention in mice has a greater impact on adiposity and glucose metabolism than housing temperature although temperature is still a significant factor in regulating metabolic parameters in individual tissues.

scholarly journals Heart failure—emerging roles for the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Fernandez-Caggiano ◽  
Philip Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Warburg Effect ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Hypertrophic Growth ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier ◽  
Heart Failure Progression ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidation ◽  
Human And Mouse ◽  
The Warburg Effect

AbstractThe mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) is the entry point for the glycolytic end-product pyruvate to the mitochondria. MPC activity, which is controlled by its abundance and post-translational regulation, determines whether pyruvate is oxidised in the mitochondria or metabolised in the cytosol. MPC serves as a crucial metabolic branch point that determines the fate of pyruvate in the cell, enabling metabolic adaptations during health, such as exercise, or as a result of disease. Decreased MPC expression in several cancers limits the mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate and contributes to lactate accumulation in the cytosol, highlighting its role as a contributing, causal mediator of the Warburg effect. Pyruvate is handled similarly in the failing heart where a large proportion of it is reduced to lactate in the cytosol instead of being fully oxidised in the mitochondria. Several recent studies have found that the MPC abundance was also reduced in failing human and mouse hearts that were characterised by maladaptive hypertrophic growth, emulating the anabolic scenario observed in some cancer cells. In this review we discuss the evidence implicating the MPC as an important, perhaps causal, mediator of heart failure progression.

scholarly journals How N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation Affects Redox Regulation, Especially at Mitohormesis and Sarcohormesis Level: Current Perspective

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Aslı Devrim-Lanpir ◽  
Lee Hill ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Current Perspective ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Response To Exercise

Exercise frequently alters the metabolic processes of oxidative metabolism in athletes, including exposure to extreme reactive oxygen species impairing exercise performance. Therefore, both researchers and athletes have been consistently investigating the possible strategies to improve metabolic adaptations to exercise-induced oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been applied as a therapeutic agent in treating many diseases in humans due to its precursory role in the production of hepatic glutathione, a natural antioxidant. Several studies have investigated NAC’s possible therapeutic role in oxidative metabolism and adaptive response to exercise in the athletic population. However, still conflicting questions regarding NAC supplementation need to be clarified. This narrative review aims to re-evaluate the metabolic effects of NAC on exercise-induced oxidative stress and adaptive response developed by athletes against the exercise, especially mitohormetic and sarcohormetic response.

scholarly journals Metabolic Adaptations in Higher Animals

1959 ◽  
Vol 234 (6) ◽  
pp. 1350-1354
Author(s):  
R.A. Freedland ◽  
A.E. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Adaptations

scholarly journals Metabolic Adaptations in Higher Animals

1964 ◽  
Vol 239 (4) ◽  
pp. 1156-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Wergedal ◽  
A.E. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Adaptations

scholarly journals Housing temperature influences exercise training adaptations in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen H. Raun ◽  
Carlos Henriquez-Olguín ◽  
Iuliia Karavaeva ◽  
Mona Ali ◽  
Lisbeth L. V. Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Training Adaptations ◽  
Housing Temperature

scholarly journals Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 586 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten A. Burgomaster ◽  
Krista R. Howarth ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Mark Rakobowchuk ◽  
Maureen J. MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Low Volume
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