Aerobic exercise promotes hippocampal neurogenesis through skeletal myofiber-derived vascular endothelial growth factor

Introdution: Based on researches, increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and antioxidant parameters in areas of the brain that are more affected by Parkinson's disease have a potential therapeutic effect. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks continuous and interval aerobic exercises on vascular endothelial growth factor and superoxide dismutase enzyme; Parkinson's rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar male rats (12 weeks) with an average weight of 250 to 350 grams were used. Subjects were treated with reserpine to Parkinson's, then divided into 6 groups. Aerobic exercises were performed for 6 weeks. After 48 hours of the last training session, the rats were killed, then the tissue of the hippocampus was separated from other parts of the brain, and vascular endothelial growth factor and superoxide dismutase enzyme were measured using specific kits. The results were analyzed using one way analysis of variance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results of this study showed that 6 weeks of continuous and interval aerobic exercise increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels in Parkinson's rats (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups of interval exercises compared to the continuous training group (p = 0.87). Also, these exercises did not significantly affect the superoxide dismutase enzymes (p = 0.47). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it has been shown that 6 weeks of continuous and periodic aerobic exercise increases the vascular endothelial growth factor, but these exercises have not significantly changed the superoxide dismutase enzyme. Introdution: Based on researches, increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and antioxidant parameters in areas of the brain that are more affected by Parkinson's disease have a potential therapeutic effect. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 6 weeks continuous and interval aerobic exercises on vascular endothelial growth factor and superoxide dismutase enzyme; Parkinson's rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar male rats (12 weeks) with an average weight of 250 to 350 grams were used. Subjects were treated with reserpine to Parkinson's, then divided into 6 groups. Aerobic exercises were performed for 6 weeks. After 48 hours of the last training session, the rats were killed, then the tissue of the hippocampus was separated from other parts of the brain, and vascular endothelial growth factor and superoxide dismutase enzyme were measured using specific kits. The results were analyzed using one way analysis of variance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results of this study showed that 6 weeks of continuous and interval aerobic exercise increased vascular endothelial growth factor levels in Parkinson's rats (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups of interval exercises compared to the continuous training group (p = 0.87). Also, these exercises did not significantly affect the superoxide dismutase enzymes (p = 0.47). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it has been shown that 6 weeks of continuous and periodic aerobic exercise increases the vascular endothelial growth factor, but these exercises have not significantly changed the superoxide dismutase enzyme.

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Effect of aerobic exercise on capillary and vascular endothelial growth factor in rat soleus muscle

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.683.7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Shinichiro Murakami ◽

Naoto Fujita ◽

Hiroyo Kondo ◽

Masayuki Tanaka ◽

Masahiro Sakita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Soleus Muscle ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Rat Soleus Muscle ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Alteration of follistatin-like 1, neuron-derived neurotrophic factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic cardiac muscle after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise with insulin

Sport Sciences for Health ◽

10.1007/s11332-020-00631-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 491-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ehsan Arabzadeh ◽

Zahra Samadian ◽

Asghar Tofighi ◽

Javad Tolouei Azar

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Cardiac Muscle ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Remodeling of myelinated fibers and internal capillaries in distal peripheral nerves following aerobic exercise in aged rats

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00257.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 125 (4) ◽

pp. 1051-1061 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Masahiro Sakita ◽

Shinichiro Murakami ◽

Hidemi Fujino ◽

Satoshi Hayashi ◽

Kazuyoshi Kameyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Nerve Tissue ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Myelinated Fibers ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

The aim of this study was to determine whether aerobic exercise (AE) in old age contributes to improving the morphologies of myelinated fibers (MFs) in peripheral nerves as well as capillaries. Furthermore, we investigated whether such processes are associated with complementary activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the circulating blood and peripheral nerve tissue. Fourteen male Wistar rats (age: 95 wk) were randomly divided into moderate AE ( n = 8) and sedentary (SED; n = 6) groups. Rats in the AE group performed treadmill running for 1 h per day for 2 wk, following which the bilateral tibial nerves of the two groups were removed to examine MF and capillary structure. Levels of BDNF and VEGF in the serum and peripheral nerves were analyzed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Myelin thickness, axon diameter, and capillary luminal diameter were significantly larger in the AE group than in the SED group ( P < 0.0001). Levels of serum BDNF and VEGF were significantly lower and higher, respectively, in the AE group than in the SED group ( P < 0.001). Conversely, BDNF and VEGF levels in tibial nerve tissue were significantly higher, respectively, and lower in the AE group than in the SED group ( P < 0.001). In conclusion, our study indicates that regular AE induces enlargement of the capillaries and thickens the myelin in aged peripheral nerves, likely via a complementary process involving BDNF and VEGF. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Accumulating evidence indicates that age-related sarcopenia is accompanied by the degeneration of myelinated fibers (MFs) in peripheral nerves. Our study indicates that regular aerobic exercise contributes to increased thickness of the myelin surrounding MFs and enlargement of the capillaries, likely via a complementary process involving brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Our findings demonstrate that regular, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to prevent and reverse peripheral nerve regression in older adults.

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