scholarly journals Threshold position control of anticipation in humans: a possible role of corticospinal influences

2017 ◽  
Vol 595 (15) ◽  
pp. 5359-5374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Nicolas A. Turpin ◽  
Anatol G. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Threshold Position

Under Threshold Position Control, Peripheral Mechanisms Compensate Efficiently for Small Perturbations of Arm Movements

Motor Control ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Andreas Straube ◽  
Thomas Eggert
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Movement Trajectory ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Small Perturbations ◽  
Intrinsic Muscle ◽  
Threshold Position ◽  
Good Agreement

Unexpected small perturbations during reaching movements are normally compensated for automatically. Previous studies of such perturbations observed that the movement trajectory converges back to the preplanned end position. The question remains whether peripheral mechanisms formed by intrinsic muscle properties and stretch reflex are efficient for compensating for such perturbations. Even though this is suggested by a threshold position control model highlighting the role of peripheral mechanisms under central control in movement generation, it is neither developed nor extensively tested for this capability. The present study tests how this model can account for the compensation during single-joint fast reaching. Motor responses to transient, unpredictable, small perturbations at different movement phases were measured and compared with the model predictions. The results show good agreement concerning kinematic and dynamic responses. Simulations with altered mechanical parameters of the model suggest that reflexive responses are well tuned to the intrinsic muscle properties. We conclude that under central control, peripheral mechanisms cope efficiently with small transient perturbations.

The role of vibrissal sensing in forelimb position control during travelling locomotion in the rat (Rattus norvegicus, Rodentia)

Zoology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J. Niederschuh ◽  
Hartmut Witte ◽  
Manuela Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Position Control

Modeling and Control of Manufacturing Processes: Getting More Involved

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (2B) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Hardt
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Modeling And Control ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Specific Geometry ◽  
Process Output ◽  
Internal Properties ◽  
And Control

The discipline of control has had numerous yet sporadic contacts with the manufacturing world over the past few decades, almost always as an afterthought or addendum, and typically in the role of machine and not as process control. Much of this detachment comes from an absence of control techniques that can deal directly with the actual manufacturing process, i.e., a material transformation process that produces a desired object both in terms of specific geometry and internal properties. Instead, most efforts have focused on using existing methods on process independent problems, such as position control and trajectory following, or on straightforward process parameter control, thereby only indirectly influencing the actual process output. This paper presents the reasons behind and the means to eliminate this estrangement, using the author’s own research as an example of a more direct approach to process modeling and control.

Effect of Object Texture and Weight on Ipsilateral Corticospinal Influences During Bimanual Holding in Humans

Motor Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Laura Duval ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Anne-Sophie Lauzé ◽  
Yu Q. Zhu ◽  
Dorothy Barthélemy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stretch Reflex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Motor Evoked Potentials ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Corticospinal System ◽  
Threshold Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
Motor Actions ◽  
Wrist Flexors

We tested the hypothesis that the ipsilateral corticospinal system, like the contralateral corticospinal system, controls the threshold muscle length at which wrist muscles and the stretch reflex begin to act during holding tasks. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over the right primary motor cortex in 21 healthy subjects holding a smooth or coarse block between the hands. Regardless of the lifting force, motor evoked potentials in right wrist flexors were larger for the smooth block. This result was explained based on experimental evidence that motor actions are controlled by shifting spatial stretch reflex thresholds. Thus, the ipsilateral corticospinal system is involved in threshold position control by modulating facilitatory influences of hand skin afferents on motoneurons of wrist muscles during bimanual object manipulation.

scholarly journals The Basal Ganglia in Action

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry H. Yin
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Transition Control ◽  
Feedback Control Systems ◽  
Subcortical Nuclei ◽  
Negative Feedback Control ◽  
The Brain

The basal ganglia (BG) are the major subcortical nuclei in the brain. Disorders implicating the BG are characterized by diverse symptoms, but it remains unclear what these symptoms have in common or how they can be explained by changes in the BG circuits. This review summarizes recent findings that not only question traditional assumptions about the role of the BG in movement but also elucidate general computations performed by these circuits. To explain these findings, a new conceptual framework is introduced for understanding the role of the BG in behavior. According to this framework, the cortico-BG networks implement transition control in an extended hierarchy of closed loop negative feedback control systems. The transition control model provides a solution to the posture/movement problem, by postulating that BG outputs send descending signals to alter the reference states of downstream position control systems for orientation and body configuration. It also explains major neurological symptoms associated with BG pathology as a result of changes in system parameters such as multiplicative gain and damping.

scholarly journals Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback

10.3791/53291 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Lauber ◽  
Martin Keller ◽  
Christian Leukel ◽  
Albert Gollhofer ◽  
Wolfgang Taube
Keyword(s):  
Position Control ◽  
Augmented Feedback

Threshold position control of arm movement with anticipatory increase in grip force

2007 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Pilon ◽  
Sophie J. De Serres ◽  
Anatol G. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Grip Force ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Threshold Position
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