scholarly journals Resveratrol partially prevents oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction in pregnant rats fed a low protein diet and their offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 594 (5) ◽  
pp. 1483-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia C Vega ◽  
Luis A Reyes-Castro ◽  
Guadalupe L Rodríguez-González ◽  
Claudia J Bautista ◽  
Magaly Vázquez-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein

Low-protein diet impairs vascular relaxation in virgin and pregnant rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki KOUMENTAKI ◽  
Frederick ANTHONY ◽  
Lucilla POSTON ◽  
Timothy WHEELER
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Low Protein

Pregnancy is associated with increases in maternal cardiac output and plasma volume and a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance. Cardiac output and plasma volume are substantially reduced in pregnant rats fed a low-protein diet, but it is not known whether vascular function is also compromised. We have investigated vascular function in virgin and pregnant Wistar rats subjected to dietary protein restriction [9% (w/v) casein, compared with 18% (w/v) casein for controls]. The diets were fed to the groups for 18 days; in the pregnant rats, the diets were given from day 1 of pregnancy. Branches of the mesenteric arteries were studied on day 18 of the dietary period using myography. Significant reductions in sensitivity to acetylcholine occurred in vessels from virgin (P = 0.04) and pregnant (P = 0.01) rats that had consumed the 9% casein diet. In arteries from the virgin rats on the restricted diet there was also a significant reduction in sensitivity (P = 0.0003) and maximum relaxation (P = 0.009) to the NO donor spermine NONOate. Mean placental and fetal weights were significantly lower in the rats fed on 9% casein (P<0.0001 and P = 0.005 respectively). Thus low-protein diets impair vasodilator responses in female rats. These effects may contribute to the poor cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy and lower fetal weights associated with restricted protein intake.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal programming and postnatal rearing on glomerular filtration rate in adult rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (5) ◽  
pp. F411-F419 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Lozano ◽  
Ayah Elmaghrabi ◽  
Jordan Salley ◽  
Khurrum Siddique ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Low Protein

The present study examined whether a prenatal low-protein diet programs a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in systolic blood pressure (BP). In addition, we examined whether altering the postnatal nutritional environment of nursing neonatal rats affected GFR and BP when rats were studied as adults. Pregnant rats were fed a normal (20%) protein diet or a low-protein diet (6%) during the last half of pregnancy until birth, when rats were fed a 20% protein diet. Mature adult rats from the prenatal low-protein group had systolic hypertension and a GFR of 0.38 ± 0.03 versus 0.57 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1 in the 20% group ( P < 0.01). In cross-fostering experiments, mothers continued on the same prenatal diet until weaning. Prenatal 6% protein rats cross-fostered to a 20% mother on day 1 of life had a GFR of 0.53 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1, which was not different than the 20% group cross-fostered to a different 20% mother (0.45 ± 0.04 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1). BP in the 6% to 20% group was comparable with the 20% to 20% group. Offspring of rats fed either 20% or 6% protein diets during pregnancy and cross-fostered to a 6% mother had elevated BP but a comparable GFR normalized to body weight as the 20% to 20% control group. Thus, a prenatal low-protein diet causes hypertension and a reduction in GFR in mature adult offspring, which can be modified by postnatal rearing.

scholarly journals A low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids plays a more protective role against oxidative stress of rat kidney tissue with 5/6 nephrectomy than a low-protein diet alone

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Jianxiang Wu ◽  
Zheyi Dong ◽  
Can Hua ◽  
Huimin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Protein Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Low Protein

Dietary protein restriction is one major therapy in chronic kidney disease (CKD), and ketoacids have been evaluated in CKD patients during restricted-protein diets. The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of a low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids (LPD+KA) and a low-protein diet alone (LPD) in halting the development of renal lesions in CKD. 5/6 Nephrectomy Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, and fed with either 22 % protein (normal-protein diet; NPD), 6 % protein (LPD) or 5 % protein plus 1 % ketoacids (LPD+KA) for 24 weeks. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. Each 5/6 nephrectomy group included fifteen rats and the control group included twelve rats. Proteinuria, decreased renal function, glomerular sclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were found in the remnant kidneys of the NPD group. Protein restriction ameliorated these changes, and the effect was more obvious in the LPD+KA group after 5/6 nephrectomy. Lower body weight and serum albumin levels were found in the LPD group, indicating protein malnutrition. Lipid and protein oxidative products were significantly increased in the LPD group compared with the LPD+KA group. These findings indicate that a LPD supplemented with ketoacids is more effective than a LPD alone in protecting the function of remnant kidneys from progressive injury, which may be mediated by ketoacids ameliorating protein malnutrition and oxidative stress injury in remnant kidney tissue.

scholarly journals Maternal Protein Restriction Modulates Angiogenesis and AQP9 Expression Leading to a Delay in Postnatal Epididymal Development in Rat

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita de Mello Santos ◽  
Marilia Martins Cavariani ◽  
Dhrielly Natália Pereira ◽  
Bruno César Schimming ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Maternal Protein Restriction ◽  
Aqp1 Expression ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The maternal nutritional status is essential to the health and well-being of the fetus. Maternal protein restriction during the perinatal stage causes sperm alterations in the offspring that are associated with epididymal dysfunctions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFr-2, as well as aquaporins (AQPs) are important regulators of angiogenesis and the epididymal microenvironment and are associated with male fertility. We investigated the effects of maternal protein restriction on epididymal angiogenesis and AQP expression in the early stages of postnatal epididymal development. Pregnant rats were divided into two experimental groups that received either a normoprotein (17% protein) or low-protein diet (6% protein) during gestation and lactation. At postnatal day (PND)7 and PND14, male offspring were euthanized, the epididymides were subjected to morphometric and microvascular density analyses and to VEGF-A, VEGF-r2, AQP1 and AQP9 expression analyses. The maternal low-protein diet decreased AQP9 and VEGFr-2 expression, decreased epididymal microvascularity and altered the morphometric features of the epididymal epithelium; no changes in AQP1 expression were observed at the beginning of postnatal epididymal development. Maternal protein restriction alters microvascularization and affects molecules involved in the epidydimal microenvironment, resulting in morphometric alterations related to a delay in the beginning of epididymis postnatal development.

1180-P: Short-Term Low-Protein Diet Ameliorates Metabolic Dysfunction in Diabetic Lipodystrophic Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1180-P
Author(s):  
MARCOS D. MUNOZ ◽  
MAXIMILIAN A. MCCANN ◽  
PHILIP KIM ◽  
CHONG WEE LIEW
Keyword(s):  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Protein

A maternal low-protein diet and neonatal overnutrition result in similar changes to glomerular morphology and renal cortical oxidative stress measures in male Wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Pedroza ◽  
Diorginis Soares Ferreira ◽  
David F. Santana ◽  
Pedro Thiago da Silva ◽  
Francisco Carlos Amanajás de Aguiar Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Glomerular Morphology

There is a strong correlation between inadequate gestational and postpartum nutrition and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. The present study investigated the effects of a maternal low-protein diet and neonatal overfeeding on the oxidative balance and morphology of the renal cortex of male Wistar rats. Two independent protocols were used. First, pregnant Wistar rats received diets containing either 17% (normal protein) or 8% (low protein) casein throughout pregnancy and lactation. Second, the litter size was reduced by one-third on the third postnatal day to induce overnourishment in offspring. At 30 days, the oxidative balance and morphology of the renal cortex were analyzed. There was a small but significant increase in renal corpuscle area in the low protein (LP, 5%) and overnutrition (ON, 8%) groups. Glomerular tuft area also increased in LP (6%) and ON (9%), as did glomerular cellularity (LP, +11%; ON, +12%). In the oxidative stress analyses, both nutritional insults significantly elevated lipid peroxidation (LP, +18%; ON, +135%) and protein oxidation (LP, +40%; ON, +65%) while significantly reducing nonenzymatic antioxidant defenses, measured as reduced glutathione (LP, –32%; ON, –45%) and total thiol content (LP, –28%; ON, –24%). We also observed a decrease in superoxide dismutase (LP, –78%; ON, –51%), catalase (LP, –18%; ON, –61%), and glutathione S-transferase (only in ON, –44%) activities. Our results demonstrate that nutritional insults, even those of a very different nature, during perinatal development can result in similar changes in oxidative parameters and glomerular morphology in the renal cortex.

scholarly journals Changes in amino acid profiles and liver alterations in pregnant rats with a high carbohydrate/low protein diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
Mónica Navarro-Meza ◽  
Ana B. Cardador-Martínez ◽  
Olivia Vazquez-Martínez ◽  
José A. Cruz-Ramos ◽  
Felipe Santoyo-Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles

scholarly journals A Low-Protein Diet Enhances Angiotensin II Production in the Lung of Pregnant Rats but Not Nonpregnant Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Gao ◽  
Daren Tubianosa Tanchico ◽  
Uma Yallampalli ◽  
Chandrasekhar Yallampalli
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Plasma Angiotensin ◽  
Ace Activity

Pulmonary angiotensin II production is enhanced in pregnant rats fed a low-protein (LP) diet. Here we assessed if LP diet induces elevations in angiotensin II production in nonpregnant rats and whetherAceexpression and ACE activity in lungs are increased. Nonpregnant rats were fed a normal (CT) or LP diet for 8, 12, or 17 days and timed pregnant rats fed for 17 days from Day 3 of pregnancy. Plasma angiotensin II, expressions ofAceandAce2, and activities of these proteins in lungs, kidneys, and plasma were measured. These parameters were compared among nonpregnant rats or between nonpregnant and pregnant rats fed different diets. Major findings are as follows: (1) plasma angiotensin II levels were slightly higher in the LP than CT group on Days 8 and 12 in nonpregnant rats; (2) expression ofAceandAce2and abundance and activities of ACE and ACE2 in lungs, kidneys, and plasma of nonpregnant rats were unchanged by LP diet except for minor changes; (3) the abundance and activities of ACE in lungs of pregnant rats fed LP diet were greater than nonpregnant rats, while those of ACE2 were decreased. These results indicate that LP diet-induced increase in pulmonary angiotensin II production depends on pregnancy.

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