scholarly journals Subregional differences in the generation of fast network oscillations in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 593 (16) ◽  
pp. 3597-3615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Glykos ◽  
Miles A. Whittington ◽  
Fiona E. N. LeBeau
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network

scholarly journals Dorsal vs. ventral differences in fast Up-state-associated oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex of the urethane-anesthetized rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Gretenkord ◽  
Adrian Rees ◽  
Miles A. Whittington ◽  
Sarah E. Gartside ◽  
Fiona E. N. LeBeau
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
Slow Oscillations ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network

Cortical slow oscillations (0.1–1 Hz), which may play a role in memory consolidation, are a hallmark of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and also occur under anesthesia. During slow oscillations the neuronal network generates faster oscillations on the active Up-states and these nested oscillations are particularly prominent in the PFC. In rodents the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) consists of several subregions: anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), prelimbic (PrL), infralimbic (IL), and dorsal peduncular cortices (DP). Although each region has a distinct anatomy and function, it is not known whether slow or fast network oscillations differ between subregions in vivo. We have simultaneously recorded slow and fast network oscillations in all four subregions of the rodent mPFC under urethane anesthesia. Slow oscillations were synchronous between the mPFC subregions, and across the hemispheres, with no consistent amplitude difference between subregions. Delta (2–4 Hz) activity showed only small differences between subregions. However, oscillations in the spindle (6–15 Hz)-, beta (20–30 Hz), gamma (30–80 Hz)-, and high-gamma (80–150 Hz)-frequency bands were consistently larger in the dorsal regions (ACC and PrL) compared with ventral regions (IL and DP). In dorsal regions the peak power of spindle, beta, and gamma activity occurred early after onset of the Up-state. In the ventral regions, especially the DP, the oscillatory power in the spindle-, beta-, and gamma-frequency ranges peaked later in the Up-state. These results suggest variations in fast network oscillations within the mPFC that may reflect the different functions and connectivity of these subregions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate, in the urethane-anesthetized rat, that within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) there are clear subregional differences in the fast network oscillations associated with the slow oscillation Up-state. These differences, particularly between the dorsal and ventral subregions of the mPFC, may reflect the different functions and connectivity of these subregions.

scholarly journals Triumeq Increases Excitability of Pyramidal Neurons in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex by Facilitating Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channel Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Chen ◽  
Lena Al-Harthi ◽  
Xiu-Ti Hu
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Voltage Gated ◽  
Hiv Aids

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses HIV-1 replication, improves immune function, and prolongs the life of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, cART also induces neurotoxicity that could complicate HIV-induced neurodegeneration while reduce its therapeutic efficacy in treating HIV/AIDS. Triumeq is a first-line cART regimen, which is co-formulated by three antiretroviral drugs (ARVs), lamivudine (3TC), abcavir (ABC), and dolutegravir (DTG). Little is known about potential side effects of ARVs on the brain (including those co-formulating Triumeq), and their mechanisms impacting neuronal activity. We assessed acute (in vitro) and chronic (in vivo) effects of Triumeq and co-formulating ARVs on pyramidal neurons in rat brain slices containing the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) using patch-clamp recording approaches. We found that acute Triumeq or 3TC in vitro significantly increased firing of mPFC neurons in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This neuronal hyperactivity was associated with enhanced Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). Additionally, chronic treatment with Triumeq in vivo for 4 weeks (4 wks) also significantly increased firing and Ca2+ influx via VGCCs in mPFC neurons, which was not shown after 2 wks treatment. Such mPFC neuronal hyperexcitability was not found after 4 weeks treatments of individual ARVs. Further, chronic Triumeq exposure in vivo significantly enhanced mRNA expression of low voltage-activated (LVA) L-type Ca2+ channels (Cav1.3 L-channels), while changes in high voltage-activated (HVA) Cav1.2 L-channels were not observed. Collectively, these novel findings demonstrate that chronic cART induces hyperexcitability of mPFC pyramidal neurons by abnormally promoting VGCC overactivation/overexpression of VGCCs (including, but may not limited to, LVA-Cav1.3 L-channels), which could complicate HIV-induced neurotoxicity, and ultimately may contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in PLWH. Determining additional target(s) of cART in mPFC pyramidal neurons may help to improve the therapeutic strategies by minimizing the side effects of cART for treating HIV/AIDS.

Both Electrical and Chemical Synapses Mediate Fast Network Oscillations in the Olfactory Bulb

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 2601-2610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Friedman ◽  
Ben W. Strowbridge
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Odor Processing ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network ◽  
Fast Oscillations

Odor perception depends on a constellation of molecular, cellular, and network interactions in olfactory brain areas. Recently, there has been better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the odor responses of neurons in the olfactory epithelium, the first-order olfactory area. In higher order sensory areas, synchronized activity in networks of neurons is known to be a prominent feature of odor processing. The perception and discrimination of odorants is associated with fast (20–70 Hz) electroencephalographic oscillations. The cellular mechanisms underlying these fast network oscillations have not been defined. In this study, we show that synchronous fast oscillations can be evoked by brief electrical stimulation in the rat olfactory bulb in vitro, partially mimicking the natural response of this brain region to sensory input. Stimulation induces periodic inhibitory synaptic potentials in mitral cells and prolonged spiking in GABAergic granule cells. Repeated stimulation leads to the persistent enhancement in both granule cell activity and mitral cell inhibition. Prominent oscillations in field recordings indicate that stimulation induces high-frequency activity throughout networks of olfactory bulb neurons. Network synchronization results from chemical and electrical synaptic interactions since both glutamate-receptor antagonists and gap junction inhibitors block oscillatory intracellular and field responses. Our results demonstrate that the olfactory bulb can generate fast oscillations autonomously through the persistent activation of networks of inhibitory interneurons. These local circuit interactions may be critically involved in odor processing in vivo.

scholarly journals Prelimbic and Infralimbic Prefrontal Cortex Interact during Fast Network Oscillations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. e2725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlijn I. van Aerde ◽  
Tim S. Heistek ◽  
Huibert D. Mansvelder
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network

Multiple Forms of Short-Term Plasticity at Excitatory Synapses in Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 3031-3041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris M. Hempel ◽  
Kenichi H. Hartman ◽  
X.-J. Wang ◽  
Gina G. Turrigiano ◽  
Sacha B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Excitatory Synapses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Plasticity ◽  
Layer V

Short-term synaptic plasticity, in particular short-term depression and facilitation, strongly influences neuronal activity in cerebral cortical circuits. We investigated short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses onto layer V pyramidal cells in the rat medial prefrontal cortex, a region whose synaptic dynamic properties have not been systematically examined. Using intracellular and extracellular recordings of synaptic responses evoked by stimulation in layers II/III in vitro, we found that short-term depression and short-term facilitation are similar to those described previously in other regions of the cortex. In additition, synapses in the prefrontal cortex prominently express augmentation, a longer lasting form of short-term synaptic enhancement. This consists of a 40–60% enhancement of synaptic transmission which lasts seconds to minutes and which can be induced by stimulus trains of moderate duration and frequency. Synapses onto layer III neurons in the primary visual cortex express substantially less augmentation, indicating that this is a synapse-specific property. Intracellular recordings from connected pairs of layer V pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex suggest that augmentation is a property of individual synapses that does not require activation of multiple synaptic inputs or neuromodulatory fibers. We propose that synaptic augmentation could function to enhance the ability of a neuronal circuit to sustain persistent activity after a transient stimulus. This idea is explored using a computer simulation of a simplified recurrent cortical network.

Fast network oscillations in vitro exhibit a slow decay of temporal auto-correlations

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon-Shlomo Poil ◽  
Rick Jansen ◽  
Karlijn van Aerde ◽  
Jaap Timmerman ◽  
Arjen B. Brussaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Slow Decay ◽  
Fast Network

scholarly journals Fast network oscillations induced by potassium transients in the rat hippocampus in vitro

2002 ◽  
Vol 542 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona E. N. LeBeau ◽  
Stephen K. Towers ◽  
Roger D. Traub ◽  
Miles A. Whittington ◽  
Eberhard H. Buhl
Keyword(s):  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network

scholarly journals Perisomatic Feedback Inhibition Underlies Cholinergically Induced Fast Network Oscillations in the Rat Hippocampus In Vitro

Neuron ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward O. Mann ◽  
Jillian M. Suckling ◽  
Norbert Hajos ◽  
Susan A. Greenfield ◽  
Ole Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Fast Network

scholarly journals Identification of the Hippocampal Input to Medial Prefrontal Cortex In Vitro

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Parent ◽  
L. Wang ◽  
J. Su ◽  
T. Netoff ◽  
L.-L. Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex
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