Anatomy of Primary Afferents and Projection Neurones in the Rat Spinal Dorsal Horn with Particular Emphasis on Substance P and the Neurokinin 1 Receptor

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn ◽  
Primary Afferents ◽  
Neurokinin 1 Receptor ◽  
Spinal Dorsal ◽  
Neurokinin 1

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of ERK in Neurokinin 1 Receptor-Expressing Neurons in Laminae III and IV of the Rat Spinal Dorsal Horn Following Noxious Stimulation

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1744-8069-3-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Polgár ◽  
Annie D Campbell ◽  
Lynsey M MacIntyre ◽  
Masahiko Watanabe ◽  
Andrew J Todd
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn ◽  
Noxious Stimulation ◽  
Neurokinin 1 Receptor ◽  
Spinal Dorsal ◽  
Neurokinin 1

Noradrenergic inhibition of the release of substance P from the primary afferents in the rabbit spinal dorsal horn

1985 ◽  
Vol 359 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Kuraishi ◽  
Naoyoshi Hirota ◽  
Yoichi Sato ◽  
Shuji Kaneko ◽  
Masamichi Satoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Spinal Dorsal Horn ◽  
Primary Afferents ◽  
Spinal Dorsal

scholarly journals Effects of General Anesthetics on Substance P Release and c-Fos Expression in the Spinal Dorsal Horn

2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshifumi Takasusuki ◽  
Shigeki Yamaguchi ◽  
Shinsuke Hamaguchi ◽  
Tony L. Yaksh
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Dorsal Horn ◽  
Receptor Internalization ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Neurokinin 1 Receptor ◽  
P Release ◽  
Fos Expression ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
Substance P Release

Abstract Background: The authors examined in vivo the effects of general anesthetics on evoked substance P release (primary afferent excitability) and c-Fos expression (neuronal activation) in superficial dorsal horn. Methods: Rats received saline, propofol (100 mg/kg), pentobarbital (50 mg/kg), isoflurane (2 minimum alveolar concentration), nitrous oxide (66%), or fentanyl (30 μg/kg). During anesthesia, rats received intraplantar 5% formalin (50 μl) to left hind paw. Ten minutes later, rats underwent transcardial perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde. Substance P release from small primary afferents was assessed by incidence of neurokinin 1 receptor internalization in the superficial dorsal horn. In separate studies, rats were sacrificed after 2 h and c-Fos expression measured. Results: Intraplantar formalin-induced robust neurokinin 1 receptor internalization in ipsilateral dorsal horn (ipsilateral: 54 ± 6% [mean ± SEM], contralateral: 12 ± 2%; P < 0.05; n = 4). Fentanyl, but not propofol, pentobarbital, isoflurane, nor nitrous oxide alone inhibited neurokinin 1 receptor internalization. However, 2 minimum alveolar concentration isoflurane + nitrous oxide reduced neurokinin 1 receptor internalization (27 ± 3%; P < 0.05; n = 5). All agents reduced c-Fos expression (control: 34 ± 4, fentanyl: 8 ± 2, isoflurane: 12 ± 3, nitrous oxide: 11 ± 2, isoflurane + nitrous oxide: 12 ± 1, pentobarbital: 11 ± 2, propofol: 13 ± 3; P < 0.05; n = 3). Conclusion: General anesthetics at anesthetic concentrations block spinal neuron activation through a mechanism that is independent of an effect on small primary afferent peptide release. The effect of fentanyl alone and the synergistic effect of isoflurane and nitrous oxide on substance P release suggest a correlative rationale for the therapeutic use of these anesthetic protocols by blocking nociceptive afferent transmitter release and preventing the initiation of cascade, which is immediately postsynaptic to the primary afferent.

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