scholarly journals Resistance exercise reduces memory impairment induced by monosodium glutamate in male and female rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Cesar Oliveira Araujo ◽  
Caroline Brandão Quines ◽  
Natália Silva Jardim ◽  
Marlon Regis Leite ◽  
Cristina Wayne Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

scholarly journals Electron microscopic changes of lymph nodes during correction of sodium glutamate action by melatonin

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.V. Harapko
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Male And Female Rats

The effect of monosodium glutamate on lymphoid organs remains insufficiently studied. Also, no less relevant is the issue of correction of changes caused by the action of monosodium glutamate. The aim of the study was to study the electron microscopic changes in the parenchyma of the lymph nodes of rats under the action of monosodium glutamate for six weeks and during correction with melatonin. The experimental study was performed on 66 white male and female rats of reproductive age. The structure of mesenteric lymph nodes of white rats under the conditions of physiological norm at the electron microscopic level was studied in 10 intact animals. Experimental animals were divided into 4 groups, each with 10 animals. The control was 16 white rats, which instead of a high-calorie diet (HCD) received a standard diet of vivarium. HCD was achieved by adding to the diet of monosodium glutamate at a dose of 0.07 g/kg body weight of rats. The dose of melatonin was 10 mg/kg body weight of rats, administered orally daily at the same time in the afternoon. The electron microscopic structure of the mesenteric lymph nodes of male and female rats of reproductive age of the intact and control groups corresponds to the species norm. The study showed that monosodium glutamate causes changes in the parenchyma of the lymph nodes as in alimentary obesity. After six weeks of HCD, the number of apoptically altered lymphocytes increases. That part of lymphocytes, which has no signs of karyorrhexis or karyolysis, has a karyolemma with deep intussusception, the cytoplasm is enlightened, the tubules of the granular endoplasmic reticulum in cells with signs of edema, dilated, mitochondrial ridges swollen, damaged. There are profound destructive changes in the cellular composition of the organ and violations at the level of all parts of the vascular bed. After six weeks of melatonin correction, the number of macrophages and plasma cells decreased, in some lymphocytes the nucleolus is not clearly expressed, the karyolemma is uneven, the cytoplasm is enlightened, the number of osmophilic (fatty) inclusions decreases both in the intercellular space and in the cytoplasm of the cell. Therefore, the introduction of melatonin led to a significant restoration of the structural organization, and hence the function of this organ.

Resistance training restores metabolic alterations induced by monosodium glutamate in a sex‐dependent manner in male and female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (8) ◽  
pp. 13426-13440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline B. Quines ◽  
Natália S. Jardim ◽  
Paulo Cesar O. Araujo ◽  
José Luiz Cechella ◽  
Vinicius C. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Male And Female Rats

scholarly journals Linoleic acid increases chorda tympani nerve responses to and behavioral preferences for monosodium glutamate by male and female rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (3) ◽  
pp. R764-R772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Stratford ◽  
Kathleen S. Curtis ◽  
Robert J. Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Chorda Tympani Nerve ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Fat Taste ◽  
Males And Females

Previous studies suggest that the chorda tympani nerve (CT) is important in transmitting fat taste information to the central nervous system. However, the contribution of the CT in this process may depend upon the presence of other taste stimuli and/or differ in males and females. Accordingly, the present study investigated the role of the CT in free fatty acid taste processing by examining electrophysiological activity of the CT in response to the free fatty acid linoleic acid (LA), as well as by measuring behavioral responses to LA-taste mixtures. We recorded whole nerve responses from the CT in response to lingual application of LA with or without monosodium glutamate (MSG) in anesthetized male and female rats. In addition, we examined preferences for MSG + LA taste mixtures in behavioral tests. Although lingual application of LA alone did not produce CT whole nerve responses, coapplication of LA and MSG elicited greater CT responses than did MSG alone. These findings were paralleled by greater preferences for MSG + LA taste mixtures than for MSG alone. In both cases, the effect was particularly pronounced in male rats. Thus LA enhances CT activity and behavioral responses to LA + MSG taste mixtures, although there are sex differences in the effects. These results suggest that CT input is important in mediating behavioral responses to fat taste, but the effects depend upon other taste stimuli and differ in males and females.

scholarly journals Biochemical effects of Short–long Term Extensive Administration of Monosodium Glutamate and Soybean on Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
A. Bob-Chile Agada ◽  
N. Nwachukwu ◽  
C. O. Ibegbulem ◽  
A. C. Ene
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Excessive Consumption

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of prolonged and excessive consumption of soybean and monosodium glutamate on blood glucose, insulin, and liver function. The quantitative and qualitative determination of oestrogen-like compounds was carried out by chromatography. A total of two hundred and ten (210) Wistar rats (70 – 78g) were divided equally into three groups representing the various experimental durations (2, 4, and 6 months). Each of these groups was further sub-divided equally into fourteen (14) subgroups (7 groups for male rats and 7 groups for female rats). Out of the 7 groups for both the male and female rats, a group represented the control rats only fed commercial rat chow and water, whereas the rest were orally administered any of the 1000 mg/kg b.w (low dose), 2000 mg/kg b.w (medium dose), or 3000 mg/kg b.w (high dose) of aqueous extract of monosodium glutamate or soybean. Diadezein (42.63 mg/100g), and genistein (28.49 mg/100g) were the two most abundant oestrogen-like compounds. After 6 months administration the high dose (H.D) MSG and soybean, significantly altered the blood glucose and insulin levels of both the male and female rats. The liver enzymes levels of the female rats were significantly elevated after 2 months of administration of H.D MSG and soybeans. All the doses of soybean administered for 6 months significantly elevated the liver enzyme levels compared to the control. The administration of H.D MSG for 4 and 6 months significantly increased the total bilirubin levels of female rats while no significant changes were observed following soybeans administration. For the male rats, no significant changes were observed on the total bilirubin levels after the administration soybeans, whereas H.D MSG for 2 months significantly increased the total bilirubin levels (12.00 µmol/l) compared to the control (8.60 µmol/l). This study has shown that regardless of the presence of medicinal compounds in soybeans, excessive prolonged intake compromises the functional integrity of the liver while MSG even at minimal doses poses serious health risks.

Monosodium glutamate administration early in life alters pineal melatonin nocturnal profile in adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Janaína B Garcia ◽  
Fernanda G Do Amaral ◽  
Daniela C Buonfiglio ◽  
Rafaela FA Vendrame ◽  
Patrícia L Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pineal Melatonin ◽  
Melatonin Synthesis ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Melatonin Production

The pineal gland synthesizes melatonin exclusively at night, which gives melatonin the characteristic of a temporal synchronizer of the physiological systems. Melatonin is a regulator of insulin activities centrally and also peripherally and its synthesis is reduced in diabetes.  Since monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often used to induce the type 2 diabetic and metabolic syndrome in animal models, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the potential effects of MSG given to neonates on the pineal melatonin synthesis in different aged male and female rats. Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with MSG (4mg/g/day) or saline solution (0.9%) from the second to eighth post-natal day. The circadian profiles both melatonin levels and AANAT activity were monitored at different ages. Body weight, naso-anal length, adipose tissues weight, GTT, ITT and serum insulin levels were also evaluated. Typical obesity with the neonatal MSG treatment was observed, indicated by a great increase in adipose depots without a concurrent increase in body weight. MSG treatment did not cause hyperglycemia or glucose intolerance, but induced insulin resistance. An increase of melatonin synthesis at ZT 15 with phase advance was observed in in some animals. The AANAT activity was positively parallel to the melatonin circadian profile. It seems that MSG causes hypothalamic obesity which may increase AANAT activity and melatonin production in pineal gland. These effects were not temporally correlated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia indicating the hypothalamic lesions, particularly in arcuate nucleus induced by MSG in early age, as the principal cause of the increase in melatonin production.

THE PITUITARY AND ADRENAL RESPONSES TO ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRIOL IN GONADECTOMIZED RATS

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Borglin ◽  
L. Bjersing
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Physiological Significance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

ABSTRACT Oestriol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α,17β-triol) is a weakly oestrogenic substance which, however, in contrast to what was formerly believed, is of physiological significance. Its effect is localized largely to the uterine cervix and vagina. Clinical experience argues both for and against an effect on the pituitary gland. This investigation is concerned with the morphological changes in the pituitary gland and adrenal cortex of gonadectomized male and female rats after the injection of oestriol. It was found that oestriol has the same type of action on these glands as other oestrogens, but under the experimental conditions used, this effect proved much weaker than that produced by oestradiol (oestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17β-diol).

INDUCTION OF GOITRE BY PTU OR KClO4 IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS. EFFECT OF GONADECTOMY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jolín ◽  
M. J. Tarin ◽  
M. D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Male and female rats of varying ages were placad on a low iodine diet (LID) plus KClO4 or 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) or on the same diet supplemented with I (control rats). Goitrogenesis was also induced with LID plus PTU in gonadectomized animals of both sexes. The weight of the control and goitrogen treated animals, and the weight and iodine content of their thyroids were determined, as well as the plasma PBI, TSH, insulin and glucose levels. The pituitary GH-like protein content was assessed by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. If goitrogenesis was induced in young rats of both sexes starting with rats of the same age, body weight (B.W.) and pituitary growth hormone (GH) content, it was found that both the males and females developed goitres of the same size. On the contrary, when goitrogenesis was induced in adult animals, it was found that male rats, that had larger B.W. and pituitary GH content than age-paired females, developed larger goitres. However, both male and female rats were in a hypothyroid condition of comparable degree as judged by the thyroidal iodine content and the plasma PBI and TSH levels. When all the data on the PTU or KClO4-treated male and female rats of varying age and B.W. were considered together, it was observed that the weights of the thyroids increased proportionally to B.W. However, a difference in the slope of the regression of the thyroid weight over B.W. was found between male and female rats, due to the fact that adult male rats develop larger goitres than female animals. In addition, in the male rats treated with PTU, gonadectomy decreased the B.W., pituitary content of GH-like protein and, concomitantly, the size of the goitre decreased; an opposite effect was induced by ovariectomy on the female animals. However, when goitrogenesis was induced in weight-paired adult rats of both sexes, the male animals still developed larger goitres than the females. Among all the parameters studied here, the only ones which appeared to bear a consistent relationship with the size of the goitres in rats of different sexes, treated with a given goitrogen, were the rate of body growth and the amount of a pituitary GH-like protein found before the onset of the goitrogen treatment. Moreover, though the pituitary content of the GH-like protein decreased as a consequence of goitrogen treatment, it was still somewhat higher in male that in female animals. The present results suggest that GH may somehow be involved in the mechanism by which male and female rats on goitrogens develop goitres of different sizes, despite equally high plasma TSH levels.

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