Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 exert opposite effects on the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse colon: role of serotonin receptors

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Forcén ◽  
E. Latorre ◽  
J. Pardo ◽  
A. I. Alcalde ◽  
M. D. Murillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Receptors ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Mouse Colon

Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 modulate the contractile response induced by serotonin in mouse ileum: analysis of the serotonin receptors involved

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1258-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Forcén ◽  
E. Latorre ◽  
J. Pardo ◽  
A. I. Alcalde ◽  
M. D. Murillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Receptors ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Mouse Ileum

The Role of Toll-Like Receptors and Type I Interferons in Host Responses to Bacteria

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Marja Ojaniemi ◽  
Mari Liljeroos ◽  
Reetta Vuolteenaho
Keyword(s):  
Type I Interferons ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Type I ◽  
Toll Like Receptors

The Role of Toll-like Receptors in the Immune-Adrenal Crosstalk

2006 ◽  
Vol 1088 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R BORNSTEIN ◽  
C.G ZIEGLER ◽  
A.W KRUG ◽  
W KANCZKOWSKI ◽  
V RETTORI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toll Like Receptors

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptors: Expression and Roles in Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7868
Author(s):  
Su Young Jung ◽  
Dokyoung Kim ◽  
Dong Choon Park ◽  
Sung Soo Kim ◽  
Tong In Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Otitis media is mainly caused by upper respiratory tract infection and eustachian tube dysfunction. If external upper respiratory tract infection is not detected early in the middle ear, or an appropriate immune response does not occur, otitis media can become a chronic state or complications may occur. Therefore, given the important role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the early response to external antigens, we surveyed the role of TLRs in otitis media. To summarize the role of TLR in otitis media, we reviewed articles on the expression of TLRs in acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM) with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. Many studies showed that TLRs 1–10 are expressed in AOM, OME, COM with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. TLR expression in the normal middle ear mucosa is absent or weak, but is increased in inflammatory fluid of AOM, effusion of OME, and granulation tissue and cholesteatoma of COM. In addition, TLRs show increased or decreased expression depending on the presence or absence of bacteria, recurrence of disease, tissue type, and repeated surgery. In conclusion, expression of TLRs is associated with otitis media. Inappropriate TLR expression, or delayed or absent induction, are associated with the occurrence, recurrence, chronicization, and complications of otitis media. Therefore, TLRs are very important in otitis media and closely related to its etiology.

scholarly journals Role of toll-like receptors in human iris pigment epithelial cells and their response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Mai ◽  
Jeanie JY Chui ◽  
Nick Di Girolamo ◽  
Peter J McCluskey ◽  
Denis Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Human Iris ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Pigment Epithelial Cells
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