scholarly journals High Quality Liquid Sukūk: Relevance, Practice, and Empirical Research in the Context of Rising Global Interest Rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Abdullah Karatas
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Rate Environment ◽  
The U.S

Liquidity management has always been a major issue in Islamic banking. In the early years of the industry, a major problem was a general tendency toward excess liquidity. In the future, the main issue in the context of depressed oil prices, a rising global interest-rate environment, and a tightened regulatory landscape under Basel III is likely to be a relative scarcity of high quality liquid assets (HQLA), or high quality liquid sukūk (Note 1). The incoming U.S. Treasury secretary Steven Mnuchin has already indicated that the Trump administration’s plans could rapidly turbocharge the U.S. economy, thereby altering the prevailing low-interest rate dynamic at the U.S. Federal Reserve (“U.S. Fed”), leading many to anticipate higher interest rates (Wigglesworth & Moore, 2016).Among the available liquidity management instruments in Islamic banking, only sukūk of a particular type meet the requirements of HQLA (in principle) as defined by the Basel Committee and adapted for Islamic finance by the IFSB (Islamic Financial Services Board). Candidates for HQLA are only international sukūk, i.e. sukūk that are issued in an international currency, listed, and traded not only locally but also internationally. Sovereigns and international institutions such as the IDB have issued almost all sukūk of this caliber. In this paper, we will make empirically informed qualitative projections on the outlook for HQL (high quality liquid) sukūk in the context of a rising global interest-rate environment.

scholarly journals The value of in-person banking: evidence from U.S. small businesses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Zhang ◽  
Liang Han ◽  
Konstantinos Kallias ◽  
Antonios Kallias
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Soft Information ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Treatment Effect Models ◽  
The U.S

AbstractWe produce the first systematic study of the determinants and implications of in-person banking. Using survey data from the U.S., we show that firms which are informationally opaque or operate in rural areas are liable to contact their primary bank in-person. This tendency extends to older, less educated, and female business owners. We find that a relationship based on face-to-face communication, on average, lasts 17.88 months longer, spans a wider range of financial services, and is more likely to be exclusive. The associated loans mature 3.37 months later and bear interest rates which are 11 basis points lower. For good quality firms, in-person communication also relates to less discouraged borrowing. These results are robust to multiple approaches for endogeneity, including recursive bivariate probits, treatment effect models, and instrumental variables regressions. Overall, our findings offer empirical grounding to soft information theory and a note of caution to banks against suppressing channels of interpersonal communication.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF SHARIA BANKING MARKET SHARE GROWTH IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Nizar Hosfaikoni Hadi ◽  
Muh. Khairul Fatihin
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Profit Rate ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
Banking Markets ◽  
Default Rate

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the variables that influence Islamic banking markets in Indonesia. The research data were obtained directly from the website of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and the financial services authority(OJK) from 2011-2018 which were taken on a quarterly basis. This study uses multiple regression analysis to analyze the factors that have an impact on the market share of Islamic banks in Indonesia. The variable that can affect Islamic banking marketshare in Indonesia is the liquidity ratio (FDR). While other variables such as the default rate (NPF), profit rate (ROA), economic growth (GDP) and conventional bank interest rates (INT) do not affect Islamic banking. The results suggest that Islamic banking regulates liquidity ratios (FDR) so that Islamic banking can effectively increase its market. This study complements previous research so that Islamic banking maintains a liquidity ratio in order to remain balanced.Keywords: marketshare, Islamic banking, FDR, GDP, ROA

Yield Curves, Swap Curves, and Term Structure of Interest Rates

2019 ◽  
pp. 203-228
Author(s):  
Tom P. Davis ◽  
Dmitri Mossessian
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Yield Curves ◽  
No Arbitrage ◽  
Interest Rate Swap ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Rate Swap ◽  
The U.S

This chapter discusses multiple definitions of the yield curve and provides a conceptual understanding on the construction of yield curves for several markets. It reviews several definitions of the yield curve and examines the basic principles of the arbitrage-free pricing as they apply to yield curve construction. The chapter also reviews cases in which the no-arbitrage assumption is dropped from the yield curve, and then moves to specifics of the arbitrage-free curve construction for bond and swap markets. The concepts of equilibrium and market curves are introduced. The details of construction of both types of the curve are illustrated with examples from the U.S. Treasury market and the U.S. interest rate swap market. The chapter concludes by examining the major changes to the swap curve construction process caused by the financial crisis of 2007–2008 that made a profound impact on the interest rate swap markets.

Low interest rate environment: inventory management in Finland and Baltic states

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Hilmola ◽  
Weidong Li ◽  
Andres Tolli
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Baltic States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Interest Rates ◽  
Rate Environment

PurposeFor decades, it was emphasized that manufacturing and trading companies should aim to be lean with very small inventories. However, in the recent decade, time-significant change has taken place as nearly all of the “old west” countries have now low interest rates. Holding inventories have been beneficial for the sake of customer service and for achieving savings in transportation and fixed ordering costs.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, inventory management change is examined in publicly traded manufacturing and trade companies of Finland and three Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) during the years 2010–2018.FindingsInventory efficiency has been leveled off or falling in these countries and mostly declining development has concerned small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It is also found that inventory efficiency is in general lower in SMEs than in larger companies. Two companies sustaining in inventory efficiency are used as an example that lean has still significance, and higher inventories as well as lower inventory efficiency should not be the objective. Two companies show exemplary financial performance as well as shareholder value creation.Research limitations/implicationsWork concerns only four smaller countries, and this limits its generalization power. Research is one illustration what happens to private sector companies under low interest rate policies.Practical implicationsContinuous improvement of inventory efficiency becomes questionable in the light of current research and the low interest rate environment.Originality/valueThis is one of the seminal studies from inventory efficiency as the global financial crisis taken place in 2008–2009 and there is the implementation of low interest rates.

A Note on the ECB's Monetary Policy when Confronted with International Systemic Risks

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1850029
Author(s):  
Alyson Bloomer ◽  
Thierry Warin
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Eu

This paper provides an analysis of the liquidity management of the euro. We tested the influence of five variables (the exchange rate, the price of oil, the EU deficit, the EU interest rate, and the U.S. interest rate) on the euro liquidity supply in addition to the fluctuation of the liquidity supply before and after September 11, 2001. While the literature focuses on the internal European institutional environment, this study looks at the international systemic risks and their influence on the liquidity supply. Ultimately, we come to the conclusion that the ECB’s liquidity supply is affected by international factors.

scholarly journals Retirement Saving and Decumulation in a Persistent Low-Return Environment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. Fichtner ◽  
Jason S. Seligman
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Asset Allocation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Wealth Management ◽  
Retirement Saving ◽  
Rate Environment ◽  
Alternative Responses ◽  
Retirement Study

The current retirement environment presents challenges, not only over the period for which interest rates remain low, but also once interest rates appreciably increase. This chapter addresses two related questions: first, how have households responded to the current low interest rate environment, and second, are there alternative responses or investments which households might do well to consider? We employ the Health and Retirement Study to first investigate impacts of the low interest rate on savings, wealth, and asset allocation. We also report on a subset of households who were relatively successful at building and preserving wealth over this period. Following this, we consider alternative portfolio and wealth management strategies targeting increases in equities and delayed claiming of Social Security in terms of their potential to add value in persistent low return environments.

scholarly journals Islamic banking

2021 ◽  
pp. 275-287
Author(s):  
Christian Castro
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The U.S

In recent years the rise of Islamic banking has been one of the most important trends in the economic sphere, with an estimated 1.5 billion Muslims in the world, this arena has plenty of room for expansion. Conforming to Shariah (Islamic Law) puts a huge demand among Muslims looking for financial products and services that adhere to their beliefs. If it weren’t for the creation of such alter-natives to conventional banking and finance, Muslims would find it hard to participate in our globalized world without violating their religious principles. There are currently over 300 financial Institutions across the global sphere providing some type of Islamic financial product. According to some experts, the assets that are currently being managed under Shariah law, which range from investment to commercial banks and investment funds, are estimated to be no less than 300 billion. Other experts in the industry estimate the assets under mana-gement to be much larger. The FSA (Financial Services Authority), a regulator for financial services based out of London, estimates the total amount associated with Shariah banking to be as much as 500 billion. Even the U.S rating agency, S & P, estimates the sukuk (deed) market has reached over 75 billion and will likely be over 150 billion by the end of the decade. It used to be that Islamic fi-nancial products were more of a niche market but over time they are now considered mainstream, with many well-known interna-tional financial institutions battling to get a little piece of the pie.

scholarly journals Effects of the financial crisis and low interest rate environment on interest rate pass-through in Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-567
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Rate Environment ◽  
Prime Rate ◽  
Pass Through

Abstract In order for monetary policy’s interest rate channel to operate smoothly and effectively, the relevant retail interest rates of the real economy should react quickly and follow the movements of the prime rate. It has been observed that this connection has weakened since the financial crisis and it was suggested that the so called Weighted Average Cost of Liabilities (WACL) might be a better proxy for the banks’ marginal costs than the prime rate or interbank rate. In this study the WACL for Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania is calculated by applying cointegration tests and ARDL models. I examined whether their long-run relationships with the retail loan rates are more stable. Results: 1. Using the WACL instead of the interbank rate yields slightly more stable long-term relationships with the retail loan rates, and the WACL has been proved to be somewhat more stable than the interbank rate. 2. The interest rate pass-through has been efficient for the household loan rates in all three countries, but only in Romania for the corporate loan rates. 3. The results suggest that the central banks can effectively influence the commercial banks’ financing costs even in a low interest rate environment, although this cost represents only one component of the loan rates, and the movements of other components can offset the changes of the prime rate.

scholarly journals FRIENDLY LOAN: A LEGAL STUDY IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Hua Siong Wong
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Study ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
The Interest Rate

Financial institutions licensed which were established under the Financial Services Act 2013 and the Moneylenders Act 1951 in Malaysia will provide financial loans at the interest rate charged permitted by-laws and guidelines from the Central Bank of Malaysia to borrowers. However, not all borrowers can afford to pay high and onerous interest rates. Therefore, the law in Malaysia allows for friendly loans, i.e. the lender will provide financial loans assistance to the borrower from of interest or with minimal interest rate. This study will focus on the extent to which the legal issues of the practice of friendly loans in Malaysia and whether the provisions of current laws and policies can protect the interests of both lenders and recipients of friendly loans. This study is qualitative in nature and involves library research. The results of this study will look at aspects of legal issues in order to protect the interests of both lenders and recipients of friendly loans. In fact, Malaysia could also consider creating a special law on friendly loans and regulated by the authorities.

scholarly journals Pre- and Post-GFC Policy Multipliers

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Ouliaris ◽  
Celine Rochon
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Rate Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Multipliers ◽  
The U.S

This paper estimates the change in policy multipliers in the U.S. relative to their pre-2008 financial crisis levels using an augmented Blanchard-Perotti model to allow for the dynamic effects of shocks to the central bank balance sheet, real interest rates and debt levels on economic activity. Given the elevated debt level and significantly larger central bank balance sheet in the U.S. after 2008, the paper estimates the likely impact of new stimulus packages. We find that expenditure multipliers have fallen post-2008 crisis because of higher government debt, implying that the effectiveness of fiscal policy has declined. The analysis also investigates the impact of quantitative easing. The results suggest that it is beneficial, but requires sizable balance sheet interventions to lead to noticeable effects on real GDP. The results are used to assess the impact of the policy packages to address COVID-19. Because of rising debt stocks, dealing with a crisis is becoming more and more costly despite the current low interest rate environment.

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