KESAN PEMBAKARAN PADA KEADAAN NISBAH KESETARAAN ɸ=0.8333 MENGGUNAKAN DWI PEMUSAR ALIRAN JEJARIAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Roslan Rahim ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

Formation of nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and other emissions is increasing dramatically in the atmosphere. Due to this pressing issue, a study on combustion performance was conducted using a double radial swirler. In this study, a weak swirler with an angle of 30º is set as a primary swirler and strong swirlers each with an angle of 40º, 50º and 60º are set as secondary swirler. Combinations of these swirlers have increased internal recirculation of hot air and help to complete the mixing of fuel and air during combustion. Results show that the combination of 30º/60º swirler produced the best, more stable and shorter flame than the other combinations. Formation of NOX from the 30º/60º swirlers at equivalence ratio of 0.8333 is 27.3% lower than that from the combined 30º/40º swirlers. Other emissions such as CO, CO2 and UHC (Unburned Hydrocarbons) also show a reduction of 12.71%, 10.6% and 5.3%, respectively in the 30º/60º swirlers compared to those from the 30º/40º swirlers.

scholarly journals COMBUSTION PERFORMANCE OF SYNGAS FROM BIOMASS WASTE IN GAS BURNER SYSTEM/PRESTASI PEMBAKARAN SYNGAS DARI SISA BIOJISIM DALAM SISTEM PEMBAKAR GAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Oryza Mohd Mokhtar ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Ja’afar ◽  
Mustafa Yusoff ◽  
Mazlan Said ◽  
Muhammad Roslan Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gas Burner

Syngas from biomass residues is an alternative fuel to address the ever-increasing fossil fuel supply problem and the issue of releasing toxic gases from the fossil fuel burning process. Syngas is also a renewable fuel and features environmentally friendly fuel. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of the syngas produced from oil palm shells (PKS) using fluidized bed gasifier. In this study, the produced syngas was tested for its combustion performance from the aspect of gas combustion temperature and resulting emission concentrations such as nitrogen oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The resulting syngas was studied at different ratio of air velocities to fuels. From the test, the ratio of velocity of air to fuel affects the gas combustion temperature and emission emission concentration. By increasing the air velocity to fuel ratio during the gasification process produces more positive effects primarily in improving the temperature of the gas burner combustion and reducing carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. However, the concentration of sulfur dioxide release (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) increase.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation on combustion, performance, and emissions characteristics of butanol as an oxygenate in a spark ignition engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 168781401668884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Jinke Gong ◽  
Wenhua Yuan ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Performance ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

Ethanol is known as the most widely used alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines. Compared to it, butanol has proved to be a very promising renewable fuel in recent years for desirable properties. The conjoint analysis on combustion, performance, and emissions characteristics of a port fuel injection spark-ignition engine fueled with butanol–gasoline blends was carried out. In comparison with butanol–gasoline blends with various butanol ratio (0–60 vol% referred as G100~B60) and conventional alcohol alternative fuels (methanol, ethanol, and butanol)–gasoline blends, it shows that B30 performs well in engine performance and emissions, including brake thermal efficiency, brake-specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. Then, B30 was compared with G100 under various equivalence ratios ( Φ = 0.83–1.25) and engine loads (3 and 5-bar brake mean effective pressure). In summary, B30 presents an advanced combustion phasing, which leads to a 0.3%–2.8% lower brake thermal efficiency than G100 as the engine was running at the spark timing of gasoline’s maximum brake torque (MBT). Therefore, the sparking timing should be postponed when fueled with butanol–gasoline blends. For emissions, the lower carbon monoxide (2.3%–8.7%), unburned hydrocarbons (12.4%–27.5%), and nitrogen oxides (2.8%–19.6%) were shown for B30 compared with G100. Therefore, butanol could be a good alternative fuel to gasoline for its potential to improve combustion efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions.

scholarly journals Metal Oxides as Soluble Nano Catalyst on Biodiesel: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Setyo Pambudi ◽  
Agus Triono ◽  
Mochamad Asrofi ◽  
Iid Mufaidah ◽  
Yeni Variyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

Nano particles of metal oxide developed as soluble nano additive in liquid fuels to improve fuel quality. One application of nano metal oxide particles is an additive to biodiesel. Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that can reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Pure biodiesel has a relatively lower calorific value compared to fossil fuels. Low calorific value results in increased brake specific fuel consumption. Moreover, biodiesel has a higher density and viscosity compared to fossil fuel. The content of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in exhaust gases with biodiesel is higher than fossil fuels. Metal oxide nanoparticles are added to biodiesel between 6 to 80 nm with concentrations about 50 to 500 ppm. Addition of metal oxide nanoparticles to biodiesel can improve brake thermal efficiency, reduce brake specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and improve carbon dioxide (CO2) emission due to the catalytic effect of metal oxide nanoparticles. Metal oxide acts as an oxidation catalyst thereby reduce the carbon combustion activation temperature and thus enhances hydrocarbon oxidation, promoting complete combustion. Nanoparticles that are often used in various studies are nickel (II) oxide (NiO), cerium (IV) oxide (CeO2), titanium oxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silicon dioxide (SiO2). This review paper describes the progress and development of nano metal oxide applications as additives for biodiesel, and the discussion in this paper is divided into 3 main topics, including the effects of nanoparticles on the properties of biodiesel, engine performance, and emission characteristics.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH PEMBEBANAN ENGINE TERHADAP EMISI GAS BUANG DAN FUEL CONSUMPTION MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR SOLAR DAN BIODIESEL B10 PADA ENGINE CUMMINS QSK 45 C

POROS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Puji Saksono ◽  
Pandu Prastiyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Test Equipment ◽  
Heavy Equipment

Abstract: The fuels for Diesel engines derived from petroleum of its existence the longer depleting. Starting from this, the use of biodiesel as a successor is an alternative solution. Conversion of diesel fuel for Diesel engines of heavy equipment to the other types, one of them should pay attention to emissions- related environmental pollution and fuel consumption. This research was conducted with the aim to find out the influence of loading engine against exhaust emissions and fuel consumption using diesel fuel and biodiesel B10 on engine Cummins QSK 45 c. Testing performed in the PT. Saptaindra Sejati workshop (SIS) MIA 3, km. 84, Adaro, Tanjung Tabalong, South Kalimantan, while the primary uses test equipment namely dynamometer (dynotest) Taylor DS4010. The results of testing using biodiesel in diesel fuel compared with B10 imposition engine 0 - 100% decline in average levels of nitrogen oxide (NOx) of 88% (g/kW-hr); carbon monoxide (CO) of 88% (g/kW-hr); and hydrocarbons (HC) by 80% (g/kW-hr), while the fuel consumption experienced a decrease in 0 - 7.14%. 

Kinetics of catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide by carbon monoxide on CuO/Al2O3 catalyst

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 3202-3208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Musil ◽  
Vladimír Pour
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Rate Equation ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Spectroscopic Measurements ◽  
First Order ◽  
Ir Spectroscopic ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

The kinetics of the reduction of nitrogen oxide by carbon monoxide on CuO/Al2O3 catalyst (8.36 mass % CuO) were determined at temperatures between 413 and 473 K. The reaction was found to be first order in NO and zero order in CO. The observed kinetics are consistent with a rate equation derived from a mechanism proposed on the basis of IR spectroscopic measurements.

NO, CO and H2S based pharmaceuticals in the mission of vision (eye health): a comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Mohammad Mir ◽  
Ram Charitra Maurya ◽  
Mohd Washid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Abstract A set of well defined signaling molecules responsible for normal functioning of human physiology including nitric oxide along with carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulphide are referred as “gasotransmitters”. Due to their involvement in almost every system of a human body, the care of highly sensitive organs using these molecules as drugs represents highly fascinating area of research. In connection with these interesting aspects, the applied aspects of these gaseous molecules in maintaining healthy eye and vision have been targeted in this review. Several examples of eye-droppers including NORMs like latanoprost and nipradiol, CORMs like CORM-3 and CORM-A1, and Hydrogen sulfide releasing system like GYY4137 have been discussed in this context. Therefore the relation of these trio-gasotransmitters with the ophthalmic homeostasis on one hand, and de-infecting role on the other hand has been mainly highlighted. Some molecular systems capable of mimicking gasotransmitter action have also been introduced in connection with the titled theme.

scholarly journals Possibilities of Simultaneous In-Cylinder Reduction of Soot andNOxEmissions for Diesel Engines with Direct Injection

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Wagner ◽  
P. Eckert ◽  
U. Spicher
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Soot Emissions

Up to now, diesel engines with direct fuel injection are the propulsion systems with the highest efficiency for mobile applications. Future targets in reducingCO2-emissions with regard to global warming effects can be met with the help of these engines. A major disadvantage of diesel engines is the high soot and nitrogen oxide emissions which cannot be reduced completely with only engine measures today. The present paper describes two different possibilities for the simultaneous in-cylinder reduction of soot and nitrogen oxide emissions. One possibility is the optimization of the injection process with a new injection strategy the other one is the use of water diesel emulsions with the conventional injection system. The new injection strategy for this experimental part of the study overcomes the problem of increased soot emissions with pilot injection by separating the injections spatially and therefore on the one hand reduces the soot formation during the early stages of the combustion and on the other hand increases the soot oxidation later during the combustion. Another method to reduce the emissions is the introduction of water into the combustion chamber. Emulsions of water and fuel offer the potential to simultaneously reduceNOxand soot emissions while maintaining a high-thermal efficiency. This article presents a theoretical investigation of the use of fuel-water emulsions in DI-Diesel engines. The numerical simulations are carried out with the 3D-CFD code KIVA3V. The use of different water diesel emulsions is investigated and assessed with the numerical model.

scholarly journals IoT Based Underground Drainage Monitoring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-249
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Network System

Underground drainage monitoring system plays an important role in keeping the cities clean and healthy. Compared to other countries, India consists of highest number of sewage workers. Exposure of sewage workers to poisonous gases like hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, ammonia, nitrogen oxide increases the death of the sewage workers. The main aim of this project is to design a network system which helps in monitoring poisonous gases present in sewage. Whenever the gas level crosses the threshold value, the information with different gas ppm values is displayed in the smart phone through the app. It also indicates whether it is safe for the manual scavengers to work in the environment or not.

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