scholarly journals PRELIMINARY CHARACTERISTIC OF ELECTRICAL NON-LINEARITY CO DOPED CMO-ZNO BASED VARISTOR CERAMIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azman Zulkifli ◽  
Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali ◽  
Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah ◽  
Azmi Zakaria ◽  
Zakiyah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nonlinear Coefficient ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Calcium Manganite ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Calcium Manganite Camno3

Zinc oxide based varistor are widely used as circuit protective devices by literally absorbs these dangerous surge and spikes or grounding this unwanted magnitudes. In this research, zinc oxide is added with 20 mol% calcium manganite (CaMnO3) as an additive and Cobalt oxide (CoO) as doping material. Citrate-gel method is used as fabrication method compared to conventional solid-state method. This compound (ZnO-CaMnO3 -CoO) undergoes pre-sintering at 500 °C for 2 hours. In the sintering process, sintering temperature at 1300 °C, while the sintering time are setting at 1.5 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns shows the components and phases of the compounds. The change of functional group was observed by Furrier transform infra-red (FTIR). I-V characteristic shows the value of nonlinear coefficient in the range of 1.0-2.0.  

PRELIMINARY CHARACTERISTIC OF ELECTRICAL NON-LINEARITY CO DOPED CAMNO3-ZNO BASED VARISTOR CERAMICS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azman Zulkifli ◽  
Mohd Sabri Mohd Ghazali ◽  
Wan Rafizah Wan Abdullah ◽  
Azmi Zakaria ◽  
Zakiyah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nonlinear Coefficient ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Calcium Manganite ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Calcium Manganite Camno3

Zinc oxide based varistor are widely used as circuit protective devices by literally absorbs these dangerous surge and spikes or grounding this unwanted magnitudes. In this research, zinc oxide is added with 20 mol% calcium manganite (CaMnO3) as an additive and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) as doping material. Citrate-gel method is used as fabrication method compared to conventional solid-state method. This compound (ZnO-CaMnO3-Co3O4) undergoes pre-sintering at 500 °C for 2 hours. In the sintering process, sintering temperature at 1300 °C, while the sintering time are setting at 1.5 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show the components and phases of the compounds. The change of functional group was observed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). I-V characteristic shows the value of nonlinear coefficient in the range of 1.0-2.0.  

Solid Solutions Study of BaTiO3 Doped on B Site by Electronic Compensation

2014 ◽  
Vol 976 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Francisco Raúl Barrientos-Hernández ◽  
Alberto Arenas-Flores ◽  
Iván Alonso Lira Hernández ◽  
Carlos Gómez-Yáñez ◽  
Miguel Pérez Labra
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Electronic Compensation

Several compositions of BaTiO:Nb5+ were made by conventional solid-state method in air atmosphere, according to the general formula BaTi1-xNbxO3; (x= 0.005, 0.04, 0.08, 0.20, and 0.25). The crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of samples were investigated by XRD, Raman Spectroscopy, Electrical Measurements and SEM. X-ray diffraction results clearly indicated that when x ≥ 0.25 was prepared; the hexagonal phase Ba8Ti3Nb4O24 appeared. Electrical measurements at 1 kHz were carried out and several pellets were made, the relative permittivity was calculated. The dielectric constant of the pristine BaTiO3 is about 7000, and the Curie temperature is ≈120°C at room temperature, decreasing to 90°C with Nb5+ addition (x = 0.005).

Improvement of the Crystallinity of La2CuO4 Nanoparticles Using the Vacuum Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 1028 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Anita Eka Putri ◽  
Suci Winarsih ◽  
Budhy Kurniawan ◽  
Dicky Rezky Munazat ◽  
Dhawud Sabilur Razaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Vacuum Treatment ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Nanoparticles of La2CuO4 (LCO) with different particles and crystallite size have been synthesized by the sol-gel method. The samples have been sintered at 600, 650, and 700°C. The sintering process have been performed in atmospheric pressure and vacuum pressure. The structural and morphological properties of the samples have been investigated by the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The XRD patterns of the samples have shown that all samples crystallize in orthorhombic structure with Bmab space group. Additionally, Rietveld refinement process have shown that higher sintering temperature, as well sintering process under vacuum pressure, can improve both phase purity and the crystallinity of the samples. SEM and TEM results have also shown that higher sintering temperature results in a sample with larger particle size.

Preparation and Characterizations of Novel Near Room-Temperature Driven Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 Thermocatalyst

2014 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Pei Wu ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Xiao Yan Lin ◽  
Ke Li
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Negative Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Molar Percent

In this study, room-temperature driven thermocatalyst (Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 powder) with negative temperature coefficient resistor (NTC) characteristics was prepared by conventional solid state method at various temperatures. Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy EDS. The results indicate that Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 powder was prepared and the Fe has been doped successfully in Sr2Bi2O5. The thermocatalyst powder obtained a particular and stable crystal style, meanwhile, besides, well distributed size and rough surface were also found in regard to the thermocatalyst above. On the other hand, the thermocatalyst reactions show that Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 powder has highest removal rate of degradation under the 0.75% (molar percent) content of Fe at 750 oC. The total removal rate of degradation arrives at 93.8% after 3h at 50 oC. Hence, Fe/Sr2Bi2O5 powder may be a potential thermocatalyst at room-temperature for wastewater treatment in the future.

Research on Preparation and Properties of Magnetic Abrasive by Conventional Solid-State Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Dian Zhao ◽  
Yu Hong Huang ◽  
Yu Gang Zhao ◽  
Xian Jin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Ferromagnetic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
State Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

The silicon-coated iron powder was evenly mixed with corundum powder and high temperature binder. After tabletting and sintering, followed by crushing and screening, the magnetic abrasive with a certain size was obtained. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were respectively used to characterize the morphology, elemental composition and the crystalloid structures of magnetic abrasive. The ferromagnetic phase and abrasive phase were combined firmly. The magnetic abrasive prepared showed a good grinding ability, whose durable time was up to 24 min. Irregular particles was obtained by smashing the magnetic abrasive, mainly composed of Al2O3, Fe2O3, α-Fe, AlFeO3, (Al, Fe)7BO3(SiO4)3O3.

A Novel Blue-Green-Emitting Phosphor Gd4.67Si3O13:Tb3+

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3861-3864
Author(s):  
Ye Jin ◽  
Qingping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Doping Concentration ◽  
Dipole Interaction ◽  
Concentration Quenching ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Quenching Mechanism ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Cie Coordinates

A novel blue-green-emitting phosphor Gd4.67Si3O13:Tb3+ has been synthesized by a conventional high temperature solid-state method at 1350 °C for 6 h. X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence spectra were used to characterize the as-synthesized phosphor. The excitation spectrum is composed of a broadband and two sharp peaks, at 274 nm, and 311 nm, respectively. The emission spectrum is composed of multiple sharp peaks, of which the strongest peak is at 544 nm (5D4 →7F5). The critical doping content of Tb3+ is 5%, with the emission intensity increasing proportionally with Tb3+ concentration increase until it reaches 5%. As doping concentration from 5% to 7%, the luminescence intensity gradually reduces. Concentration quenching mechanism for Tb3+ is demonstrated to be dipole–dipole interaction. The Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates are also investigated in this work. The CIE coordinates of the Gd4.67Si3O13:0.03Tb3+ phosphor upon 311 nm excitation are (0.242, 0.323). All the results indicate that the blue-green-emitting phosphor Gd4.67Si3O13:Tb3+ has potential research value.

A study of the electrochemical synthesis of ZnO thin films

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1439-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.H. Gu ◽  
T.Z. Fahidy ◽  
R. Hornsey ◽  
A. Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Nitrate Solution ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Cathode ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Xrd Patterns

The principal characteristics of the cathode deposition of zinc oxide from slightly acidified aqueous zinc nitrate solution at 65 °C were studied via potentiodynamic electrolysis, potentiostatic electrolysis, and X-ray diffraction patterns. The results indicate the reliability of a low-temperature electrolytic path of synthesis, and avenues of further exploration. Keywords: zinc oxide, cathode deposition, XRD patterns, FBM theory.

Synthesis and Performance of LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1491-1495
Author(s):  
Huan Liu ◽  
Yao Chun Yao ◽  
Yong Mei Li ◽  
Hui Hua Yi ◽  
Yong Nian Dai
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Discharge Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Excellent Electrochemical Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Xrd Patterns

The layered cathode material for Li-ion batteries was synthesized by mechanical activation-high temperature solid state method. XRD and electrochemical measurements were used to characterize the structure and electrochemical performance of the product. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that the material is crystallized to layered a-NaFeO2structure. The cathode material with excellent electrochemical performance was obtained by sintering the mixed raw materials with n (Li)/n (M) =1.11. The initial discharge capacity was 128mAh/g at a current density of 20mA/g between 2.7-4.2V and the discharge capacity retention was 96% after 50 cycles.

scholarly journals Structure evolution, dielectric, and conductivity behavior of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 ceramics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxiang Yan ◽  
Kaiyuan Chen ◽  
Chengqi Li ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Structure Evolution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Lead Free Ceramics ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Diffuse Phase ◽  
Conductivity Behavior

Abstract(1−x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3−xBi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 ((1−x)KNN−xBZN, x = 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025, and 0.030) lead-free ceramics were fabricated via a traditional solid-state method. The crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric, and conductivity behavior of this system were studied. Combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, Rietveld refinement, and dielectric spectroscopy, an orthorhombic phase was determined for x = 0.010, an orthorhombic-tetragonal mixed phase was identified for x = 0.015, and a rhombohedral symmetry appears in 0.020 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.030. Both 0.98KNN−0.02BZN and 0.975KNN−0.025BZN ceramics exhibit stable permittivity and low dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) in wide temperature ranges owing to the combination of rhombohedral-tetragonal step-like feature and the diffuse phase transition from tetragonal to cubic. The activation energies of dielectric relaxation and conductivity behavior at high temperatures initially decrease slightly, then drop sharply, and finally decline slowly, which could be attributed to microstructure morphologies and the concentration of oxygen vacancies.

scholarly journals Structural, Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Fe Doped La0.7Ba0.3MnO3Solid Solutions for Cathode Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7313-7317
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solid State Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conventional Solid State Method ◽  
Density Values ◽  
State Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

The solid solutions of (La0.7Ba0.3)(FexMn1-x )O3 where x = 0.1 - 0.5 ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state method. The structural analysis was done by X-Ray diffraction technique and the results have revealed that all the samples were crystallized into a single phase. The surface morphology was done by Scanning Electron Microscopy and the micrographs clearly indicate decreased grain size with the increasing Fe - concentration. The density of the prepared samples was done using Archimedes principle and the density values were found to be in decreasing order, which is well in agreement with the microstructure relationship. The dielectric and impedance properties have been studied at different ranges of frequency and temperature. The electrical conductivity values were found to be greater than 100 Scm-1 , which suggests it to suitable cathode material of SOFCs

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