ASSESSMENT OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM STATUS USING MACROPHYTE SPECIES AS KEY TOOLS INDICATOR FOR HEAVY METAL POLLUTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashidi Othman ◽  
Ruhul Izzati Shaharuddin ◽  
Zainul Mukrim Baharuddin ◽  
Khairusy Syakirin Has-Yun Hashim ◽  
Mohd Shah Irani Hasni
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Freshwater Bodies

Aquatic plants or macrophytes are beneficial to fresh water bodies because they produce oxygen, which assists with overall fresh water bodies functioning, and provide food and shelter for aquatic living organisms. A lack of aquatic plants in a freshwater bodies system where they are expected to occur may suggest a reduced population of macro and micro fauna. In addition, the absence of macrophytes may also indicate water quality problems as a result of excessive turbidity, herbicides, or salinization. However, an over abundance of macrophytes can result from high nutrient levels and may interfere with freshwater bodies processing, recreational activities and detract from the aesthetic appeal of the system. In this study, sixteen water samples were collected from four different places (Selangor, Perak, Pahang and Kelantan) where six different macrophytes species were abundance and dominant. All the water samples were analyzed by using Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for six types of heavy metals which are iron (Fe), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn). All six different macrophytes species which are Eichhorniacrassipes, Hydrillaverticillata, Cabombafuscata, Salvinianatans, Nelumbonuciferaand Pistiastratiotesexhibiting highly significant differences (P< 0.0001) between aquatic plant species widespread, locations and the heavy metals content. This clearly demonstrates that freshwater environment with abundance of invasive macrophyte species can have an important influence and indication on the accumulation of heavy metals content. The importance of the interaction components emphasises that the changes in heavy metals composition are complex and the responses are not consistent across all aquatic plant species. Examination of the summarised data revealed that, of the 6 macrophyte species analysed at all different locations, all exhibits as potential ecological indicator for unhealthy aquatic ecosystems or as phytoindicator for heavy metal contaminants either at low or high level contamination. Therefore, macrophyte is an effective tool in responding heavy metal in low level environmental contamination that might otherwise be difficult to detect.

scholarly journals Conservation, Phytoremediation Potential and Invasiveness Status of Bali Botanic Garden Aquatic Plant Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Farid Kuswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Plant Collection

Bali Botanic Garden (BBG) aspires to conduct conservation and research of eastern Indonesian plant species, including the aquatic plant species. These were important as aquatic plant species could be ecologically threatened, beneficial or even dangerous. As scientific data of BBG aquatic plant species collection was limited, we proposed this study to provide researchers and garden managers with data to conduct research, collection and maintenance of the garden aquatic plant collection. The study was carried out by sourcing list of BBG collected plant species data for its aquatic plant species. Literatures study was then carried out to gain information regarding the plant species’ heavy metal phytoremediation, conservation and invasiveness status while data analysis was conducted descriptively. The study result showed that 38 collection numbers of aquatic plant species collected in BGG were placed in five sites within the garden with 94% of all the aquatic plants collection came from Lesser Sunda Islands. Eleven aquatic plants species were listed as Least Concern by IUCN Red List. Fourteen species of collected aquatic plants were proved to possessed phytoremediation potential toward numerous heavy metal pollutants, while six species were listed as an invasive alien plant species in Indonesia. All of the provided data should be enabled the botanic garden stakeholders to come up with ideas in the research and maintenance effort of BBG aquatic plant collection.

scholarly journals Resistance of bacteria isolated from leachate to heavy metals and the removal of Hg by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain FZ-2 at different salinity levels in a batch biosorption system

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fauzul Imron ◽  
Setyo Budi Kurniawan ◽  
Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Sanitary Landfill Leachate

AbstractLeachate is produced from sanitary landfills containing various pollutants, including heavy metals. This study aimed to determine the resistance of bacteria isolated from non-active sanitary landfill leachate to various heavy metals and the effect of salinity levels on the removal of Hg by the isolated bacterium. Four dominant bacteria from approximately 33 × 1017 colony-forming units per mL identified as Vibrio damsela, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Pseudomonas fluorescens were isolated from non-active sanitary landfill leachate. Heavy metal resistance test was conducted for Hg, Cd, Pb, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu (0–20 mg L− 1). The removal of the most toxic heavy metals by the most resistant bacteria was also determined at different salinity levels, i.e., fresh water (0‰), marginal water (10‰), brackish water (20‰), and saline water (30‰). Results showed that the growth of these bacteria is promoted by Fe, Mn, and Cu, but inhibited by Hg, Cd, Pb, Mg, and Zn. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of all the bacteria in Fe, Mn, and Cu was > 20 mg L− 1. The MIC of V. damsela was 5 mg L− 1 for Hg and >  20 mg L− 1 for Cd, Pb, Mg, and Zn. For P. aeruginosa, MIC was > 20 mg L− 1 for Cd, Pb, Mg, and Zn and 10 mg L− 1 for Hg. Meanwhile, the MIC of P. stutzeri was > 20 mg L− 1 for Pb, Mg, and Zn and 5 mg L− 1 for Hg and Cd. The MIC of P. fluorescens for Hg, Pb, Mg, and Zn was 5, 5, 15, and 20 mg L− 1, respectively, and that for Cd was > 20 mg L− 1. From the MIC results, Hg is the most toxic heavy metal. In marginal water (10‰), P. aeruginosa FZ-2 removed up to 99.7% Hg compared with that in fresh water (0‰), where it removed only 54% for 72 h. Hence, P. aeruginosa FZ-2 is the most resistant to heavy metals, and saline condition exerts a positive effect on bacteria in removing Hg.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Morphotypes of Aquatic Plants Display Improved Seed Germination to Deal with Dry or Low-Rainfall Periods

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Rocío Fernández-Zamudio ◽  
Pablo García-Murillo ◽  
Carmen Díaz-Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Population Persistence ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Plant Assemblages ◽  
Viable Seeds

In temporary ponds, seed germination largely determines how well aquatic plant assemblages recover after dry periods. Some aquatic plants have terrestrial morphotypes that can produce seeds even in dry years. Here, we performed an experiment to compare germination patterns for seeds produced by aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes of Ranunculus peltatus subsp. saniculifolius over the course of five inundation events. During the first inundation event, percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (36.1%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (6.1%). Seed germination peaked for both groups during the second inundation event (terrestrial morphotype: 47%; aquatic morphotype: 34%). Even after all five events, some viable seeds had not yet germinated (terrestrial morphotype: 0.6%; aquatic morphotype: 5%). We also compared germination patterns for the two morphotypes in Callitriche brutia: the percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (79.5%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (41.9%). Both aquatic plant species use two complementary strategies to ensure population persistence despite the unpredictable conditions of temporary ponds. First, plants can produce seeds with different dormancy periods that germinate during different inundation periods. Second, plants can produce terrestrial morphotypes, which generate more seeds during dry periods, allowing for re-establishment when conditions are once again favorable.

scholarly journals Heavy metal levels in drinking water sources of Chingola District, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Hamwiinga ◽  
Chisala D. Meki ◽  
Patricia Mubita ◽  
Hikabasa Halwiindi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
Metal Levels

Abstract Background: One of the factors impeding access to safe water is water pollution. Of particular concern is heavy metal contamination of water bodies. This study was aimed at determining the levels of heavy metals in drinking water sources of Chingola District of Zambia. Methods: A cross sectional study was employed. A total of 60 water samples were collected. Thirsty (30) samples were collected in the dry season in the month of October 2016 and another 30 in the wet season in the months of February and March, 2017. For each season 10 water samples were collected from each of the three water sources. i.e. Tap water, Urban ground water sources and Rural ground water sources. Heavy metal analysis was done using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Results: This study revealed that the concentrations of Iron, Manganese, Lead, Nickel and Arsenic were beyond maximum permissible levels in various water sources. Combined averages for both dry and wet seasons were as follows: Iron: 2.3, Copper: 0.63, Cobalt: 0.02, Manganese: 0.36, Lead: 0.04, Zinc:3.2, Nickel: 0.03, Arsenic: 0.05. Chromium and Cadmium were below detection limit in all water samples. The median concentrations of iron, arsenic, copper, manganese in drinking water from the Tap, rural and urban ground water sources were different, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The median concentrations of arsenic, nickel, manganese and cobalt were different between dry and wet season, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: Sources of heavy metals in water seems to be both natural and from human activities. The concentration of heavy metals in different water sources in this study was found to be above the recommended levels. This calls for improvement in water monitoring to protect the health of the public. Therefore, there is need for continuous monitoring of heavy metals in drinking water sources by regulatory authorities.

scholarly journals Metalliferous content of drinking water and sediments in storage tanks of some schools in Erbil city, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawraz Sami Khalid ◽  
Hoshyar Saadi Ali ◽  
Dhary Almashhadany
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality Indices

The present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of drinking water in randomly selected schools in Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The water quality indices such as the Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Heavy metal Evaluation Index (HEI) were applied to characterize water quality. Eighteen schools were incorporated and sampled for their water storage tanks available to students. Water samples and sediment samples from tanks floor were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer for the determination of twenty-two metal elements. In drinking water samples, all detected metals did not exceed the permissible limits of the World Health Organization. The results of this study showed that the average values of HPI and HEI for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni, and Zn were 54.442 and 0.221, respectively. According to data of the water quality indices, the schools drinking water quality are good and suitable for drinking in terms of heavy metals. However, sediments samples contained high concentrations of all elements including the toxic heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, and Pb). Re-suspension of sediments into water column after refilling storage tanks can pose a serious threat to students drinking water from such vessels. It is therefore recommended that proper storage tanks are provided to the schools accompanied by continuous sanitation and hygiene practice to mitigate the corrosion of tanks to avoid health risks of toxic metal

Risk estimation and multivariate statistical analysis of the heavy metal content of drinking water samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 714-725
Author(s):  
Rajan Jakhu ◽  
Rohit Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Drinking water samples of Jaipur and Ajmer districts of Rajasthan, India, were collected and analyzed for the measurement of concentration of heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to determine the sources of the heavy metals in the drinking water. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for the determination of the heavy metal concentrations, and for the statistical analysis of the data, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed. It was observed from the results that with respect to WHO guidelines, the water samples of some locations exceeded the contamination levels for lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and mercury (Hg), and with reference to the EPA guidelines, the samples were determined unsuitable for drinking because of high concentrations of Pb and Hg. Using multivariate statistical analysis, we determined that copper, manganese, arsenic, Se, and Hg were of anthropogenic origin, while Pb, copper, and cadmium were of geogenic origin. The present study reports the dominance of the anthropogenic contributions over geogenics in the studied area. The sources of the anthropogenic contaminants need to be investigated in a future study.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Pollution of Soil and Vegetable Grown Near Roadside at Gazipur

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Mohammad Naser ◽  
Sarmin Sultana ◽  
Rebeca Gomes ◽  
Shamsun Noor
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Automotive Emissions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Major Highway

Levels of lead, cadmium, and nickel in roadside soils and vegetables along a  major highway in Gazipur, Bangladesh were investigated. Soil samples were  collected at distances of 0, 50, 100, and 1000 m (meter) from the road. The  concentrations of lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) in soil and vegetables (bottle gourd  and pumpkin) decreased with distance from the road, indicating their relation to  traffic and automotive emissions. The concentration of cadmium (Cd) was found  to be independent of distance from road. There were significant differences in  the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and nickel for different plant species and  soils at various distances. The heavy metals contents both in the soils and  vegetables for every distance from the road was found in the order  nickel>lead>cadmium. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v37i1.11170 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 37(1): 9-17, March 2012

scholarly journals Determine heavy metals in water, aquatic plants, and sediment in water systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Hassan Flefel ◽  
Denis Nokhrin ◽  
Irina Donnik
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Mobile Form ◽  
Atomic Absorption Determination ◽  
Absorption Determination ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Methodological Guidelines

Objective: Biomonitoring pollution of water bodies with heavy metals using evaluation of the level of concentration of heavy metals in water, aquatic plants, and sediments in 9 important rivers and lakes in the water bodies of Yekaterinburg. (Eight rivers and one lake). Methods: Sample preparation for the atomic absorption determination of the acid-soluble “mobile” form of eight metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in the composition of bottom sediments was carried out by the method of wet mineralization in accordance with the Methodological Guidelines the definition of heavy metals. Results: All concentrations of heavy metals in sediments and aquatic plants were higher than in a water sample. Conclusions: Concentrations of all water samples were within acceptable limits established by WHO, while the concentrations of all aquatic plants and sediment were above the acceptable limits of WHO.

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Kobos ◽  
Agata Błaszczyk ◽  
Natalia Hohlfeld ◽  
Anna Toruńska-Sitarz ◽  
Anna Krakowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Distribution Frequency

AbstractIn this work, the authors examined the presence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in 21 samples collected from fresh water bodies located in 5 provinces in Poland: Lublin (2), Podlasie (1), Pomerania (6), Warmia-Masuria (1) and Wielkopolska (11). In addition, to determine the general pattern of geographical distribution, frequency of cyanobacteria occurrence, and cyanotoxins production, the published data from 238 fresh water bodies in Poland were reviewed. On the basis of these collected results, we concluded that Planktothrix, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Dolichospermum were dominant. The general pattern in geographical distribution of the identified cyanobacterial genera was typical of other eutrophic waters in Europe. The production of cyanotoxins was revealed in 18 (86%) of the 21 samples analyzed in the present work and in 74 (75%) of the 98 total water bodies for which the presence of toxins had been examined. Among the 24 detected microcystin variants, [Asp3]MC-RR was most common. These results can be verified when more data from the less explored water bodies in the southern and eastern parts of Poland are available.

scholarly journals Florida Native Aquatic Plants for Ornamental Water Gardens

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C. Worden ◽  
David L. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Growing Conditions

Water gardening is increasing in popularity in ornamental landscapes across the country. Ornamental aquatic plants can be grown in small ponds and in containers on the patio or in the yard. Many water-tight containers of many sizes and shapes are available for displaying ornamental aquatic plants. Water gardens provide additional, attractive features to landscapes not available with terrestrial plants. An aquatic plant palette of considerable variety is available for water gardens in Florida (Table 1). The abundance of sunshine and warm temperatures provides ideal growing conditions for many aquatic plant species. This document is ENH988, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date February 2005. 

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