APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ASPHALT BINDER: A CONSPECTUS AND OVERVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Nur Aifa Wan Azahar ◽  
Mastura Bujang ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
Mohd. Rosli Hainin ◽  
Md. Maniruzzaman A. Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Pavement Construction

Nowadays, the nanotechnology is widely applied in pavement engineering in order to improve the properties of materials and their performance. Nanotechnology can be considered as the measurement on nanometer scale that affects the material used in pavement due to its unique characteristic. Therefore, this new technology might indirectly solve the current pavement construction problems. The application of nanotechnology in enhancing the performance of fresh bitumen in term of the longevity and durability has been proven by a lot of previous studies and researches. Literatures have been reviewed and summarized critically to give an overview about the role of nanotechnology in improving pavement material properties. There are some concerns in the application of nanotechnology that needs to be addressed regarding to the safeties of these nano-materials in term of human health.

Use of Coral-Derived Aggregates for Construction of Low-Volume Roads

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Bullen
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Specification Tests ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Low Volume Roads ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Pavement Construction

Many tropical island and coastal regions suffer from a paucity of recognized engineering aggregates. In these regions river gravel and old uplifted coral reef formations are often the only economically viable materials. Typically, the coral-derived material most widely available for use is termed coronous material, a land-based uplifted coral reef that may contain an abundance of plastic fines and that is usually easily excavated without the use of explosives. The shortage of traditional aggregates and the availability of the upraised reefs have promoted the study of the use of coral-derived aggregate as an alternative aggregate in pavement engineering works. Although coral-derived materials have been successfully used for pavement construction in the past, traditional engineering tests have generally indicated that it is a substandard product, and material from most pits does not pass typical specification tests. The material properties and the historical use of coronous materials in road construction are summarized, and a draft guide for the use of coronous materials in the road base and subbase for both sealed and unsealed road pavements is provided.

Applications of Nanotechnology for Textile Products: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nemailal Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Textile Products

The fundamentals of nanotechnology lie in the fact that the properties of materials drastically change when their dimensions are reduced to nanometer scale. Nanotextiles can be produced by a variety of methods. The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. Changed or improved properties with nanotechnology can provide new or enhanced functionalities. Nanotechnology is a growing interdisciplinary technology and seen as a new industrial revolution. The future success of nanotechnology in textile applications lies in the areas where new principles will be combined into durable and multi-functional textile systems without compromising the inherent properties. The advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry.

Role of Nutraceuticals in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: A Review in the Indian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Sheena Chhabra ◽  
Apurva Bakshi ◽  
Ravineet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Immense Potential ◽  
Specific Health

Nutraceuticals have been around for quite some time. As the nomenclature suggests, they are placed somewhere between food (nutra-) and medicine (-ceuticals) in terms of their impact on human health. Researches have focused on the impact of various types of nutraceuticals on health, their efficacy in health promotion and disease prevention, and often on suitable uses of certain categories of nutraceuticals for specific health issues. However, we are still far from utilizing the immense potential of nutraceuticals for benefiting human health in a substantial manner. We review the available scholarly literature regarding the role of nutraceuticals in health promotion, their efficacy in disease prevention and the perception of nutraceuticals' health benefits by consumers. Thereafter we analyze the need for regulation of nutraceuticals and various provisions regarding the same.

The role of gas flow distributions on CO2 mineralization within monolithic cemented composites: coupled CFD-factorial design approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Mehdipour ◽  
Gabriel Falzone ◽  
Dale Prentice ◽  
Narayanan Neithalath ◽  
Dante Simonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Co2 Mineralization

Optimizing the spatial distribution of contacting gas and the gas processing conditions enhances CO2 mineralization reactions and material properties of carbonate-cementitious monoliths.

scholarly journals Guild-based analysis for understanding gut microbiome in human health and diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guojun Wu ◽  
Naisi Zhao ◽  
Chenhong Zhang ◽  
Yan Y. Lam ◽  
Liping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Disease Phenotypes ◽  
Genetic Complexity ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Specific Health

AbstractTo demonstrate the causative role of gut microbiome in human health and diseases, we first need to identify, via next-generation sequencing, potentially important functional members associated with specific health outcomes and disease phenotypes. However, due to the strain-level genetic complexity of the gut microbiota, microbiome datasets are highly dimensional and highly sparse in nature, making it challenging to identify putative causative agents of a particular disease phenotype. Members of an ecosystem seldomly live independently from each other. Instead, they develop local interactions and form inter-member organizations to influence the ecosystem’s higher-level patterns and functions. In the ecological study of macro-organisms, members are defined as belonging to the same “guild” if they exploit the same class of resources in a similar way or work together as a coherent functional group. Translating the concept of “guild” to the study of gut microbiota, we redefine guild as a group of bacteria that show consistent co-abundant behavior and likely to work together to contribute to the same ecological function. In this opinion article, we discuss how to use guilds as the aggregation unit to reduce dimensionality and sparsity in microbiome-wide association studies for identifying candidate gut bacteria that may causatively contribute to human health and diseases.

Can Innovative Technologies Overcome HbA1c Disparity for African-American Youth with Type 1 Diabetes?

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110213
Author(s):  
Stuart Chalew ◽  
Alan M. Delamater ◽  
Sonja Washington ◽  
Jayalakshmi Bhat ◽  
Diane Franz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
New Technology ◽  
African American Youth ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Supportive Role

Achieving normal or near-normal glycemic control as reflected by HbA1c levels in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is important for preventing the development and progression of chronic complications. Despite delineation and dissemination of HbA1c management targets and advances in insulin pharmacology, insulin delivery systems, and glucose monitoring, the majority of children with T1D do not achieve HbA1c goals. In particular, African Americans are more likely not to reach HbA1c goals and have persistently higher HbA1c than Non-Hispanic Whites. Availability of pumps and other technology has not eliminated the disparity in HbA1c. Multiple factors play a role in the persisting racial disparity in HbA1c outcome. The carefully designed application and deployment of new technology to help the patient/family and facilitate the supportive role of the diabetes management team may be able to overcome racial disparity in glycemic outcome and improve patient quality of life.

scholarly journals Liquid–liquid phase separation in human health and diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Tong Dai ◽  
Ziran Qin ◽  
Huasong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Liquid Phase Separation ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) represents a vital and ubiquitous phenomenon underlying the formation of membraneless organelles in eukaryotic cells (also known as biomolecular condensates or droplets). Recent studies have revealed evidences that indicate that LLPS plays a vital role in human health and diseases. In this review, we describe our current understanding of LLPS and summarize its physiological functions. We further describe the role of LLPS in the development of human diseases. Additionally, we review the recently developed methods for studying LLPS. Although LLPS research is in its infancy—but is fast-growing—it is clear that LLPS plays an essential role in the development of pathophysiological conditions. This highlights the need for an overview of the recent advances in the field to translate our current knowledge regarding LLPS into therapeutic discoveries.

New Technologies and the Prospects for Europe's Farmers

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Patrick Commins ◽  
James V. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Commercial Viability

This article examines possible future developments with particular references to the role of new technology and the implications for Europe's agricultural producers. The main proposition is that the maintenance of commercial viability will oblige producers to adopt innovations and new practices, but the most successful will be farmers with the greater economic resources and superior managerial abilities. The outcome will be increasing socio-economic differentiation within the EEC population of agricultural producers and an increasing proportion of farm output coming from the top 20 per cent of farmers in the Community.

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