MATERIALS EVALUATION FOR GEOTHERMAL APPLICATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Bäßler ◽  
Amela Keserovi ◽  
Joana Sobetzki ◽  
Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Constructional Material ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Saline Environments ◽  
Geothermal Fluids ◽  
Nickel Based Alloy ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel

In order to provide basic information on corrosion resistance to the designers and users of geothermal plants different metallic materials including duplex and austenitic stainless steels as well as a nickel alloy have been evaluated in artificial geothermal fluids simulating the conditions in some locations with geothermal potential in Germany as well as two sites in Indonesia. By electrochemical and long-term exposure tests at 100 °C and 150 °C the suitability of low alloyed steel UNS G41300, stainless steels UNS S31603 UNS S31803, UNS S32760, super austenitic steel UNS N08031 and nickel based alloy UNS N06059 was investigated in these geothermal fluids, using critical potentials and corrosion rates. In high-saline environments the crevice corrosion turned out to be the determining mechanism. The nickel based alloy shows excellent corrosion resistance against pitting corrosion. Excluding its high cost, it is very good to be used in the construction of geothermal facilities having highly saline brines. Stainless and duplex steels exhibit a limited corrosion resistance concerning pitting and crevice corrosion. Therefore they are not suitable for highly saline brines. The super austenite UNS N08031 showed a temperature depending behavior. In non-saline environments the low-alloyed steel UNS G41300 (beside of the higher alloyed materials) could be employed as a constructional material for the geothermal power plant, as long as a sufficient wall thickness of the material is considered. 

ALLEGHENY LUDLUM MINIMISER 316/316L

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Type 316L

Abstract Allegheny Ludlum 316 and 316L are corrosion resistant, molybdenum bearing austenitic stainless steels. Type 316L is the low carbon grade of type 316 offering decreased carbide precipitation. The MINIMISER form is an improved machinability version with a change in the sulfur composition, still maintaining the dual certification capability of the base type 316/316L grades. Like standard 316 and 316L stainless steels, MINIMISER 316/316L is more resistant to acids and pitting/crevice corrosion than the molybdenum-free 18-8 type stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, and elasticity. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-776. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

Localized Corrosion Resistance of Mn-Substituted Austenitic Stainless Steels: Effect of Molybdenum and Chromium

CORROSION ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BRIGHAM ◽  
E. W. TOZER
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
Critical Pitting Temperature

Abstract The pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of a number of Mn-substituted austenitic stainless steels has been determined quantitatively using temperature as a localized corrosion criterion. The go/no-go temperatures, the critical pitting temperature (CPT), and the crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) can be summarized by the equations and for Mn-substituted austenitic stainless steels over the composition range 0 to 5% Mo and 18 to 22% Cr. The resistance to localized corrosion of these Cr-Ni-Mn-Mo alloys is compared with that of Cr-Ni-Mo austenitic stainless steels.

Temperature as a Crevice Corrosion Criterion

CORROSION ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 396-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BRIGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Acid Chloride ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Mo Content

Abstract Using temperature as a crevice corrosion criterion, a number of commercial and experimental Mo-bearing 18% Cr austenitic stainless steels have been evaluated for crevice corrosion resistance. These data have been correlated with the effect of Mo content on the rate of active corrosion in the very aggressive acid solution expected in the crevice itself. Alloyed Mo has been found to play the dominant role in reducing the relative rate of crevice corrosion and in defining the go/no-go crevice corrosion behavior in terms of the crevice corrosion temperature (CCT) in oxidizing acid chloride solutions. For 18% Cr austenitic stainless steels the empirical relationship has been found.

AVESTA 254 SMO

Alloy Digest ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
High Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Copper Addition

Abstract AVESTA 254 SMO was developed for use in halide-containing environments. Its high molybdenum content, along with the copper addition, provides a material with excellent resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion as well as good general corrosion resistance, especially in halide-containing acids. In addition, its high nitrogen content results in superior strength when compared with other austenitic stainless steels. Typical applications for Avesta 254 SMO involve seawater contact, scrubbers and high-halide level tanks and piping. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-445. Producer or source: Aluminum alloy mills.

ALZ 316

Alloy Digest ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 316 is an austenitic stainless steel with good formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. It is the basic grade of the stainless steels, containing 2 to 3% molybdenum. After the 304 series, the molybdenum-containing stainless steels are the most widely used austenitic stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-756. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

REMANIT 4439

Alloy Digest ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Corrosion Resistant Steel ◽  
Resistant Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion

Abstract REMANIT 4439 is a highly corrosion resistant steel with low carbon content, an addition of nitrogen to enhance both mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and higher molybdenum than most stainless steels to resist pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride media. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-556. Producer or source: Thyssen Stahl AG.

NSSMC-NAR-SN-1, SN-3, SN-5

Alloy Digest ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels

Abstract NSSMC-NAR-SN-1, SN-3, and SN-5 are austenitic stainless steels with corrosion resistance to nitric acid. The alloys can be abbreviated as NSSMC-NAR-SN-1: LC-17Cr-14Ni-4Si, NSSMC-NAR-SN-3: LC-11Cr-17Ni-6Si-Zr-Ti, and NSSMC-NAR-SN-5: LC-27Cr- 8Ni-Si-N. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1237. Producer or source: Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corporation.

NSSMC-NAR-AC-3, AC-4

Alloy Digest ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance

Abstract NSSMC-NAR-AC-3 and AC-4 are austenitic stainless steels with excellent corrosion resistance, especially to seawater. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming. Filing Code: SS-1234. Producer or source: Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corporation.

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