Passive Cooling Performance of a Solar Chimney and Vertical Landscape Applications in Indonesian Terraced House

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Murti Nugroho ◽  
Mohd Hamdan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Front Window ◽  
Significant Achievement ◽  
The City

Natural ventilation has been promoted as passive indoor cooling technique in hot humid tropical region. However for a single sided window in a typical deep plan terrace house, the effect of natural ventilation is questionable. It is worst when coupled with the fact that available wind in Malang is almost static and unreliable. This paper presents alternative passive technologies integrated to existing terrace house in the city of Malang to achieve indoor cooling assisted by solar chimney and green vertical landscape. A field measurement was conducted using Onset Hobo Data Logger for a specific duration. The solar chimney is installed inside the house harnessing the thermal stack effect of hot air buoyancy that naturally forced the cyclic air movement letting hot air out and bringing in cooler air. The vertical green landscape installed just outside the front window provide shade and filter the incoming air providing cooler and cleaner air. The result showed that the average indoor temperature is within the acceptable comfort range for the whole day. This is considered a significant achievement where the use of solar chimney and green vertical landscape can improve indoor thermal condition thus provide alternative for natural cooling, reduce energy use and healthy environment.

Application of a Wall-Solar Chimney for Passive Ventilation of Dwellings

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Park ◽  
Francine Battaglia
Keyword(s):  
Flow Regime ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Airflow Distribution ◽  
Ventilation Technique ◽  
Save Energy

The solar chimney is a natural ventilation technique that has the potential to save energy use in buildings as well as maintain comfortable indoor quality. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of the wall-solar chimney on airflow distribution and thermal conditions in a room. In the current work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to model a solar chimney. The solar chimney was modeled three-dimensionally for a more realistic simulation of fluid and thermal conditions. Experimental and numerical data from literature were used to validate the current model, and the results agreed very well. The current study showed that the flow in the solar chimney system can be either laminar or turbulent depending on the parameters of the system, and that the effect of the chimney inlet was more significant than that of the chimney width (air gap between the glass and absorber) on the flow regime. This study also developed a new characteristic Rayleigh number (Ra*) relating the chimney inlet and width, which showed good consistency with the prediction of the flow regime. The investigations of Ra* and the flow regime indicated that the flow becomes turbulent for Ra* ∼ 0.8 × 108. Finally, the potential improvements of the designs were discussed by observing the flow and thermal conditions of the room.

Application of a Wall-Solar Chimney for Passive Cooling of Dwellings

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Park ◽  
Francine Battaglia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Solar Chimney

Energy consumption is an important issue and has become a great concern during last the few decades, where most energy consumption is utilized for conditioning buildings. The solar chimney is a natural ventilation technique that has the potential to save energy use in buildings as well as maintain comfortable indoor quality. The objective of the current study is to examine the effects of the wall-solar chimney on airflow distribution and thermal conditions in a room. In the current work, computational fluid dynamics was used to model a solar chimney. The time-dependent conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy were solved with the k-ε turbulence equations using ANSYS Fluent. Previous literature, that utilized numerical modeling to study the solar chimney for different dimensions of chimney geometry, only considered a two-dimensional solar chimney with one-directional heat transfer. In the current study, the solar chimney was modeled three-dimensionally for a more realistic simulation of actual flow and thermal condition of the room. Experimental and numerical data from literature were used to validate the current model, and the results agreed very well. The current study showed that the flow in the solar chimney system can be either laminar or turbulent depending on the parameters of the system, and that the effect of the chimney inlet is more significant than that of the air gap on the flow regime. This study also developed a new characteristic Rayleigh number Ra* relating the chimney inlet and the air gap, which showed good consistency with the prediction of the flow regime. The investigations on Ra* and the flow regime indicated that the flow becomes turbulent for Ra* ∼ 0.8 × 108. Lastly, the potential improvements of the designs were discussed by observing the flow and thermal condition of the room.

scholarly journals Análisis teórico de una chimenea solar con tres canales de flujo de aire

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Angel Tlatelpa-Becerro ◽  
Ramiro Rico-Martínez ◽  
Gustavo Urquiza-Beltrán ◽  
Elva Lilia Reynoso-Jardón
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Energy Balances ◽  
Ventilation Systems

A solar chimney configuration consisting of three air flow channels divided by two metallic plate, placed in the center of the chimney between two acrylic covers, leading to symmetric air flow, is proposed as an alternative for the design of natural ventilation systems for buildings in tropical and subtropical climatic zones The solar chimney dimensions are 2.0 m height, 1.0 m width, and gap between channels of 0.30 m. These dimensions are appropriate for the design of ventilation systems for residential buildings in central México. A Numerical simulation using the global mass and energy balances in steady state was utilized to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed configuration. The temperature profiles, calculated for a typical hot day in a tropical region, reveal that the configuration is more efficient than the single channel chimney, achieving thermal efficiency values near 75%. This solar chimney configuration can be used with better results than the traditional design as an alternative for natural ventilation systems in residential buildings without a significant increase in the cost of the residence investment.

Wastewater treatment and risk assessment in ocean outfall evaluations

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
William F. Garber
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ocean Outfall ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
The City

Past evaluations of the success of wastewater treatment and submarine outfall placement and operation have considered only a limited number of parameters affecting the marine and onshore environments. Important questions regarding the best allocation of available funds have not been adequately addressed. The relative contamination of the sea from airborne and landwash contaminants has not been considered. Neither has the increased air pollution deriving from the energy required for advanced treatment. Similarly, regular epidemiological studies to evaluate actual changes in morbidity arising from drastic changes in treatment and disposal have not been made prior to very large committments of funds. Most importantly, little attention has been given to the relative ranking of all environmental risks within a catchment area. The net result is that, when all factors are considered, the very large expenditures and increased energy use for sanitary wastewater treatment and outfall disposal will have a net negative effect on the physical and societal environment. The City of Los Angeles and the Los Angeles Metropolitan area can be used to illustrate this probability.

scholarly journals Review of Intelligent Control Systems for Natural Ventilation as Passive Cooling Strategy for UK Buildings and Similar Climatic Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4388
Author(s):  
Esmail Mahmoudi Saber ◽  
Issa Chaer ◽  
Aaron Gillich ◽  
Bukola Grace Ekpeti
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Optimal Output ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Building Cooling

Natural ventilation is gaining more attention from architects and engineers as an alternative way of cooling and ventilating indoor spaces. Based on building types, it could save between 13 and 40% of the building cooling energy use. However, this needs to be implemented and operated with a well-designed and integrated control system to avoid triggering discomfort for occupants. This paper seeks to review, discuss, and contribute to existing knowledge on the application of control systems and optimisation theories of naturally ventilated buildings to produce the best performance. The study finally presents an outstanding theoretical context and practical implementation for researchers seeking to explore the use of intelligent controls for optimal output in the pursuit to help solve intricate control problems in the building industry and suggests advanced control systems such as fuzzy logic control as an effective control strategy for an integrated control of ventilation, heating and cooling systems.

scholarly journals Solar Chimney Applications in Buildings

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-422
Author(s):  
Haihua Zhang ◽  
Yao Tao ◽  
Long Shi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Assisted Ventilation ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Modern Building ◽  
Ventilation Systems

A solar chimney is a renewable energy system used to enhance the natural ventilation in a building based on solar and wind energy. It is one of the most representative solar-assisted passive ventilation systems attached to the building envelope. It performs exceptionally in enhancing natural ventilation and improving thermal comfort under certain climate conditions. The ventilation enhancement of solar chimneys has been widely studied numerically and experimentally. The assessment of solar chimney systems based on buoyancy ventilation relies heavily on the natural environment, experimental environment, and performance prediction methods, bringing great difficulties to quantitative analysis and parameterization research. With the increase in volume and complexity of modern building structures, current studies of solar chimneys have not yet obtained a unified design strategy and corresponding guidance. Meanwhile, combining a solar chimney with other passive ventilation systems has attracted much attention. The solar chimney-based integrated passive-assisted ventilation systems prolong the service life of an independent system and strengthen the ventilation ability for indoor cooling and heating. However, the progress is still slow regarding expanded applications and related research of solar chimneys in large volume and multi-layer buildings, and contradictory conclusions appear due to the inherent complexity of the system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urban-Scale Building Energy-Use Models and Tools—Application for the City of Fribourg, Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Valeria Todeschi ◽  
Roberto Boghetti ◽  
Jérôme H. Kämpf ◽  
Guglielmina Mutani
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Building Energy Use ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Building energy-use models and tools can simulate and represent the distribution of energy consumption of buildings located in an urban area. The aim of these models is to simulate the energy performance of buildings at multiple temporal and spatial scales, taking into account both the building shape and the surrounding urban context. This paper investigates existing models by simulating the hourly space heating consumption of residential buildings in an urban environment. Existing bottom-up urban-energy models were applied to the city of Fribourg in order to evaluate the accuracy and flexibility of energy simulations. Two common energy-use models—a machine learning model and a GIS-based engineering model—were compared and evaluated against anonymized monitoring data. The study shows that the simulations were quite precise with an annual mean absolute percentage error of 12.8 and 19.3% for the machine learning and the GIS-based engineering model, respectively, on residential buildings built in different periods of construction. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis using the Morris method was carried out on the GIS-based engineering model in order to assess the impact of input variables on space heating consumption and to identify possible optimization opportunities of the existing model.

Natural-Ventilation Flow in a 3-D Room Fitted With Solar Chimney

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Flow Pattern ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Solar Heat Flux ◽  
Inlet Opening

Natural-ventilation flow induced in a real-sized rectangular-box room fitted with a solar chimney on its roof is investigated numerically, using a commercial CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software package. The chimney in turn is in the form of a parallel channel with one plate being subjected to uniform solar heat flux. Ventilation rate and air-flow pattern through the room are considered in terms of the heat flux for two different locations of the room’s inlet opening. Chien’s turbulence model of low-Reynolds-number K-ε is used in a Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation. It is found that ventilation flow rate increases quickly with solar heat flux when this flux is low, but more gradually at higher flux. At low heat flux, ventilation rate is not significantly affected by location of the inlet opening to the room. On the other hand, at high heat flux, ventilation rate varies substantially with the opening’s location. Location of the inlet opening to the room also affects strongly the air-flow pattern. In any case, ample ventilation rate is readily induced by the chimney.

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