Penanaman Padi Merah Tempatan, MRM 16 dalam Keadaan Tanah Semi-Aerob dan Aerob dapat Mengurangkan Pengambilan Arsenik

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahida Hashim ◽  
Asfaliza Ramli ◽  
Zaki Musa
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Aerobic Soil

Red rice is classified as specialty rice due to its coloured grain. Red colour that surrounded the outer layer of pericarp showed the existence of anthocyanin in red rice grain. However, heavy metal like arsenic in red rice plant become major concern in human health especially so in babies. This is because red rice normally used as a key raw material in the manufacture of infant cereals. In order to overcome this problem, study on effects of water regime on arsenic concentration in local red rice, MRM 16 was conducted during main season 2007/2008 and off season 2008. The water regimes tested were fully flooded, semi-aerobic and aerobic soil conditions. Result showed that arsenic concentration in the soil and grain was markedly highest when MRM 16 was cultivated under fully flooded in both seasons. However, concentration of arsenic in the soil and grain samples was the lower when the red rice was cultivated under semi-aerobic and aerobic soil conditions. Arsenic concentration in the soil and grain samples showed positive relationship. However, analysis of grain yield showed that the yield performance of MRM 16 was better when the soil was fully flooded or maintained semi-aerobically.

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Control in Drill-Seeded Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Diarra ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Culm Density ◽  
High Yields

Field experiments were conducted to investigate methods of controlling red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) in drill-seeded rice (O. sativa). Treatments included the rice cultivar ‘Mars', coated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) at 40% (w/w) and a crop protectant, R-33865 (O,O-diethyl-O-phenyl phosphorothioate) at 0.5 and 1% (v/w). Molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate) at 6.7 kg ai/ha was applied preplant incorporated (ppi). The land was flooded (2.5 to 5 cm deep) after seeding with rice (100 kg/ha, 2.5 cm deep), and the water was maintained throughout the growing season. CaO2, with or without molinate, increased rice grain yield 50% and increased rice culm density fivefold above untreated rice. Molinate applied ppi controlled 96% of the red rice. Rice seed coated with only CaO2or with CaO2plus R-33865 at 0.5%, each combined with ppi molinate, produced 5690 and 6030 kg/ha of grain, respectively. These high yields were associated with red rice control by molinate and good stands of rice provided by O2supplied by CaO2. R-33865 applied to rice seed at 1% (v/w) injured rice by reducing rice culm densities 41%, compared with rice without protectant.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and morphological characterization of potato starch (Solanum tuberosum L.) as raw material for the purpose of obtaining bioethanol

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Patricia Lizarazo H. ◽  
Germán Gonzalo Hurtado R. ◽  
Luis Felipe Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Potato Varieties

In Colombia, there are geographic areas where the potato crop is the principal economic product. The diversity of potato varieties, has resulted in differences in sizes and in chemical and physical compositions. These variables are defined by genetic factors, agricultural practices, and climatic and soil conditions. The physical characteristics of the different potato varieties are directly related to aspects of production and performance, unlike the chemical composition and morphology of starch granules, which define the nutritional quality and industrial use. In this research, an analysis of the physicochemical and morphological properties of native starches from six potato varieties was carried out, forming a pilot study for the selection of promising varieties for ethanol production. For this purpose, the samples were dried to constant weight. The ash, amylose and amylopectin contents showed significant differences between the varieties. Similarly, differences were observed in the shape and size of the granules, variables that influenced the gelatinization temperature and viscosity of the final products. These variations in the physicochemical properties and morphology of the starches may affect the use of starch and in the production of ethanol.

scholarly journals Growth and Yield of Rice Plant by the Applications of River Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir in Ustic Endoaquert

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
. Nurdin ◽  
Fauzan Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
River Sand

The research aimed to study effect the application of river sand (RS), coconut coir (CC), and banana coir (BC) on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Ustic Endoaquert. The research was carried out in a green house using 3 × 3 × 3 factorial design. The RS factor consists of three treatment levels which were 0% RS, 25% RS, and 50% RS. Meanwhile, the CC and BC consist of three treatment levels, where each level were 0 Mg ha-1, 10 Mg ha-1 and 20 Mg ha-1. The results showed that RS, CC and BC applications did not have significant effect on plant height. On the other hand, all ameliorant applications had significantly increase leaf length and the highest percentage increasing was in BC (13.49%). The leaf numbers and tiller numbers had relatively similar pattern, except BC that had significantly increased leaf numbers by 77.69% and amount of tiller numbers by 49.45%. Furthermore, for yield components, RS, CC and BC applications had significant increased panicle numbers by 37.76%. It was only RS and BC that increased panicle lenght and the best increasing of 26.82% on RS. Meanwhile, the BC application only increased the rice grain numbers.[How to Cite: Nurdin and F Zakaria. 2013. Growth and Yield of Rice Plant by the Applications of River Sand, Coconut and Banana Coir in Ustic Endoaquert. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 25-32. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.25][Permalink/DOI:www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.25]

scholarly journals Quality, phenolic compound and antioxidant activity of wines from Sangyod rice grain, paddy and husk during fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
Vilailak Klompong
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Fermentation Period

The objective of this study was to utilize husk, byproduct from milling, and paddy of Sangyod rice that rich in bioactive compound to produce value added product as wine by reducing milling step of paddy. Quality changes, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of wines from Sangyod rice grain, paddy and husk were monitored throughout the fermentation period. The acceptance of finished products from consumer drinking wine was also investigated. Alcohol content of three types of wine increased as the fermentation time increased. Paddy wine showed the fastest alcohol production following by rice grain and husk wine, respectively (P<0.05). Generally, total soluble solid and pH of wines decreases as the fermentation time increased. Yeast and mold increased throughout the fermentation time. As the fermentation time increased, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity including DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating activity increased throughout the fermentation period (P<0.05) related to total phenolic content. Total phenolic content in three types of wines increased from 32-53 to 125-178 (mg GAE/ml). Generally, paddy wine possessed the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activities when compared with rice grain and husk wine (P<0.05). From the sensory evaluation including appearance, odor, taste and overall liking, the scores of rice grain and paddy wines were moderate, while the lowest scores in all attributes was observed in husk wine (P<0.05). Rice grain, paddy and husk wines obtained were amber in color (L*=10.11-16.27, a*=8.07-14.91, b*=10.8-12.18). Thus, the changes of quality, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of wine during fermentation were governed by raw material used and fermentation time. Additionally, Sangyod rice grain and paddy could be used as potential raw material for wine production and the wines obtained could be served as potential drinks for health, since containing bioactive compound as antioxidant.

scholarly journals Genotype environment interaction and stability for yield and its components in advanced breeding lines of red rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-435
Author(s):  
BM Dushyantha Kumar ◽  
AP Purushottam ◽  
P Raghavendra ◽  
T Vittal ◽  
KN Shubha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
Total Variability

Effects of genotype, environment and their interaction for grain yield and yield attributing characters in 20 advanced breeding lines of rice across six environments was investigated. Yield stability and adaptability of yield performance were analyzed by Eberhart and Russel model and (GGE) bi-plot. The AMMI analysis of variance indicated that mean squares due to genotypes, location and genotype location contributed per cent 59.08, 5.79 and 21.63, respectively for total variability in grain yield per hectare. Estimates of GGE bi-plot revealed that the lines G1, G3, G11, G13, G15, G12, G16, G7 and G10 were positioned near GGL bi-plot origin indicating wider adaptation for the trait grain yield per hectare. Eberhart and Russel Model and GGE biplot model showed the advanced breeding lines viz., JB 1-11-7 (G1) and JA 6-2 (G15) exhibited wider adaptability across the tested environments for number of productive tillers per plant and yield per hectare.

scholarly journals Growth and yield performance of okra genotypes in acidic soil at Sylhet Region, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
M. Rahman ◽  
A.F.M.S. Islam ◽  
M. Hasan ◽  
M. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Sylhet Region ◽  
Final Harvest

A field experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University from August 2016 to January 2017 to select the best suited okra genotype(s) considering growth and yield performance among eleven genotypes viz. BARI Dherosh−1 (control) and 10 exotic (Japanese okra) cultivable in acidic soil conditions. All okra genotypes were evaluated in relation to morphological characteristics and yield performance at defined area of study. The treatment combinations were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In almost all parameters, significant variations were observed. Experimental findings revealed that BARI Dherosh−1, JO−2, JO−6 and JO−10 showed excellent performance in germination capacity. The high yielding genotype BARI Dherosh−1 exhibited taller plant at final harvest. Early flowers, individual fruit weight with maximum number of flowers and fruits plant-1 was observed in JO−6. The genotype JO−3 produced the highest number of branches, internodes and leaves at final harvest. The flowering duration was long in the genotype JO−2. The highest fruit setting (%) was observed in JO−1. The longest fruit length and the lowest number of aborted fruits were observed in JO−5 whereas BARI Dherosh−1 showed the largest fruit diameter at 9 DAF and heaviest hundred seed weight. The highest fruit fresh weight observed in JO−4 and the highest fruit dry weight observed in JO−5 at 9 DAF.  Regarding fruit yield, the genotype JO−6, JO−10 and JO−3 performed better. The genotypes JO−6 and JO−10 were found to be promising genotypes in acid soil considering the morphological features and yield attributes. Since the variety of our research is suitable for Sylhet region acid soil, if our variety is combined with Sylhet’s cropping pattern cropping intensity will be increase, which will benefit the farmer financially and meet the nutritional needs.

scholarly journals Influence of waterlogging stress and benzyladenine application on tomato grafted to eggplant

2007 ◽  
pp. 105-118
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Jully Regis ◽  
Misael Diputado
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Stomatal Resistance ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
As Stress ◽  
Aerobic Soil

Under waterlogged conditions, the non-grafted tomato plants had significantly lower survival rate (53%), compared to the 100% survival rating of grafted plants. Both grafted and non-grafted plants while under waterlogged conditions had high leaf stomatal resistance, low transpiration rate and high stress rating, compared to the non-waterlogged plants. However, one week after resumption of aerobic soil conditions, both stomatal resistance and transpiration as well as stress rating returned to normal in grafted plants unlike in the non-grafted plants which continued to show high stomatal resistance, low transpiration rates and high stress rating. The morphological changes associated with stress in the plant regardless of treatments were cupping, drooping and eventual wilting of leaves. Due to severe stress under waterlogged conditions, the non-grafted plants had significantly lower yield which was just about 41% that in grafted plants. The grafted, non-waterlogged plants had comparable yield with the non-grafted, non-waterlogged plants. Application of benzyladenine was not effective in alleviating waterlogging stress effects on both grafted and non-grafted tomato.

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