Comparison of Sand Patch Test and Multi Laser Profiler in Pavement Surface Measurement

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haryati Yaacob ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Mohd Rosli Hainin ◽  
Muhammad Fudhail Rosli
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Patch Test ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Pavement Surface ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Sand Patch

Pavement surface texture has been assessed with variety of test methods such as sand patch test and multi laser profiler. In recent years, road administrations face the issues of handling data acquired by totally different methods and the inconsistent correlation between different methods. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine and compare the texture depth value of road pavement measured by different methods namely sand patch test and multi laser profiler. This paper compares the results of two measurement methods for pavement surface macro texture which referred as mean texture depth (MTD). Tests were conducted along North–South Expressway, between km 110.5 and km 107.2 (Southbound). T-test analysis shows that there is statistically significance difference on the result obtained between these methods along emergency lane. However for slow lanes,it was found that there is no significance between sand patch test and laser based measurement. Regression analysis shows that the coefficient of correlation, R obtained from emergency lane is 0.3719 and slow lane is 0.4579. These results generally conclude that there were weak correlations between the result of these two measurement techniques.

Effect of PM characterization on PM oxidative potential by acellular assays: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Huibin Guo ◽  
Lei Jin ◽  
Sijing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Redox Properties ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Cellular Assays ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Risk Ratios

AbstractThe health risks brought by particles cannot be present via a sole parameter. Instead, the particulate matter oxidative potential (PM OP), which expresses combined redox properties of particles, is used as an integrated metric to assess associated hazards and particle-induced health effects. OP definition provides the capacity of PM toward target oxidation. The latest technologies of a cellular OP measurement has been growing in relevant studies. In this review, OP measurement techniques are focused on discussing along with PM characterization because of many related studies via OP measurements investigating relationship with human health. Many OP measurement methods, such as dithiothreitol (DTT), ascorbic acid (AA), glutathione (GSH) assay and other a cellular assays, are used to study the association between PM toxicity and PM characterization that make different responses, including PM components, size and sources. Briefly, AA and DTT assays are sensitive to metals (such as copper, manganese and iron etc.) and organics (quinones, VOCs and PAH). Measured OP have significant association with certain PM-related end points, for example, lung cancer, COPD and asthma. Literature has found that exposure to measured OP has higher risk ratios than sole PM mass, which may be containing the PM health-relevant fraction. PM characterization effect on health via OP measurement display a promising method.

The Three-Dimensional Surface Topographic Characterisation of Diamond Grinding Wheels

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 690-695
Author(s):  
David Lee Butler
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Diamond Grinding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Surface measurement using three-dimensional stylus instruments is a relatively new technique that offers numerous advantages over more traditional profilometry methods. The information generated is, unlike profile measurement, less subjective and more statistical providing additional insight into the surface structure. One application of surface measurement that has encountered problems when using the profilometry method is that of grinding wheel characterisation. The wheel surface texture (topography) and the conditions under which it is generated have a profound effect upon the grinding performance as characterised by the grinding forces, power consumption, temperature, and surface integrity of components. A detailed knowledge of the nature of the topography of the grinding wheel would provide further insight into surface interactions between the wheel and workpiece as well as enabling improved control of the grinding process in general. In this paper four diamond grinding wheels of 91 and 181 micron grit size were subjected to differing dressing conditions to produce varying final wheel topographies. Three-dimensional surface measurement techniques were employed to quantitatively characterise the topographic change and provide an aerial estimation of the number of cutting grains. The results demonstrate that the techniques can distinguish between a worn and dressed wheel. In addition, the parametric values generated from the various surfaces can aid the user in determining when re-dressing is required.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COST OF SALES AND SALES ON NET INCOME

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Muchamad Pahmi Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Retail Trading ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze The cost of sales and sales of net income in retail trading companies listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia. The population and sample in this study are the financial statements of 12 retail trading companies listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia for the period 2016-2018. This research technique uses classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis test and determination coefficient test. The collection technique uses the documentation and literature review methods. And after the data was collected, the test analysis in this study was carried out with the help of IBM SPSS 26 for Windows. Based on the results of the F test that The cost of sales and sold together has a simultaneous effect on net income in 12 retail trading sub-sector trading companies listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INVESTASI TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2009-2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Abdul Haris Romdhoni
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Central Java

This study aims to determine the effect of investment on employment in Central Java in 2009-2013. As it is known that investment plays an important role in the absorption of labor or can reduce unemployment. Thus with the increased investment hence the absorption of labor will also increase. The research method used in this research is quantitative research method. This research was conducted in Central Java. The test used is the instrument using the validity test. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption test. The results of this study indicate that the increase can be explained by the regression equation is Y = 16595732.325 + 0.32 X. Where the constant is positive value of 16595732.325 indicates that if the investment variable is considered constant (0), then the value of labor absorption of 16595732,325 . Then the regression coefficient of the investment variable is 0.32, this means that if the investment is increased one unit, it will increase the labor absorption of 0.32.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEKUATAN OTOT TUNGKAI DAN KOORDINASI MATA KAKI TERHADAP HASIL SHOOTING BOLA DIAM KE ARAH GAWANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Jack suman Rulis Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Computerized System ◽  
Method Of Correlation

The purpose of this research is to find out: 1) The relationship of leg muscle strength to the results of shooting the silent ball towards the goal. 2) Relationship between ankle coordination and the result of shooting the ball silently towards the goal. 3) The relationship between leg muscle strength and ankle coordination towards the results of shooting the ball silently towards the goal.The method used in this study is a method of correlation with test and measurement techniques. Data analysis was carried out by a computerized system with simple or multiple regression analysis. The population in this study were students who participated in extra-curricular football at Pontianak's N 8 High School, totaling 22 people. In this study, there was no sampling technique because it took all the population who participated in 22 extra-curricular activities.The results of the analysis of the data obtained indicate that: 1) There is a relationship between leg muscle strength to the results of shooting the silent ball towards the goal. 2) There is a coordination relationship between the ankles and the result of shooting the silent ball towards the goal. 3) There is a relationship between leg muscle strength and ankle coordination towards the results of shooting the silent ball towards the goal.The amount of donation given by leg muscle strength to the results of silent ball shooting towards the goal was 52.1%, while the coordination contribution of the ankle to the results of silent ball shooting towards the goal was 25.3%. While the magnitude of the contribution given by the two variables, namely leg muscle strength and ankle coordination was 59% of the results of shooting the silent ball towards the goal. It is recommended that in addition to practicing silent ball shooting techniques towards the goal, leg muscle strength should be taken into consideration for the trainer in giving a portion of training.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Mirror Surface Measurement Based on Local Blur Analysis of Phase Measuring Deflectometry System

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-771
Author(s):  
Hongyu Sun ◽  
Le Wang ◽  
Zhan Song ◽  
Geng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Block Matching ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Mirror Surface ◽  
Reconstruction Accuracy ◽  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Block Matching Algorithm ◽  
Reflective Mirror ◽  
Spatially Varying

Despite the marked progress in recent years, structured light-based three-dimensional (3D) measurement techniques still have difficulty in capturing mirror surface reflection. The accuracy of 3D reconstruction for mirror objects should be further improved to adapt to the high reflectivity and curvature of such objects. To improve the stripe definition and reconstruction accuracy of highly reflective mirror objects, this paper analyzes the local blur of defocus stripes in phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) system, and presents a method to analyze the spatially varying defocusing and de-blurring, with the aid of a 3D block matching algorithm, thereby focusing on defocus stripes. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve micron-level reconstruction accuracy of standard flat mirrors, and detect the defects on highly reflective mirror objects at a high precision.

I/O Printed Circuit Board Assemblies; Recent Learning in Mechanical Stress Analysis, Verification Testing, and Post-test Analysis Techniques and Results

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 000169-000178
Author(s):  
John Torok ◽  
Shawn Canfield ◽  
Suraush Khambati ◽  
Robert Mullady ◽  
Budy Notohardjono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Mechanical Shock ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Post Test

Recent high-end server designs have included new Input / Output (I/O) printed circuit board (PCB) assemblies consisting of a variety of form factors, electronic design layouts, and packaging assembly characteristics. To insure the required functional and reliability aspects are established and maintained, new mechanical analysis and verification testing techniques have been recently devised. A description of the design application set, the analysis tools and techniques applied, and the verification testing completed, including the associated measurement techniques as well as post-testing analysis methods and results are presented. Also included are the recent PCB raw card characterization efforts whose results have been applied as material property inputs to the analysis to improve analytical-to-empirical correlation. Included within the application set are both the use of custom designed cards as well as industry standard, original equipment manufacturer (OEM) cards that are packaged within custom enclosures. Given packaged and unpackaged (i.e., as installed in a higher-level rack system assembly) fragility testing requirements, new analysis techniques exploiting the capabilities of LS-DYNA have been used to provide a predictive means to support both initial as well as iterative design levels. In addition, these analysis results are also used to identify locations for measurement sensor placement employed during mechanical verification testing. Thermal shock and mechanical shock and vibration verification testing details and results are provided describing the conditions applied to simulate assembly shipping conditions, both as packaged as well as in situ to the higher-level of assembly. Included with this is a discussion with respect to post-test analysis techniques and results, including the use of both microscopic cross-section analysis as well as dye-pry assessments. Concluding, continued and future activities are described as “best practices” for the application of this methodology as part of the end-to-end development process.

scholarly journals Comparison of velocity and turbulence profiles obtained with a Vectrino Profiler and PIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 05070
Author(s):  
Jay Lacey ◽  
Jason Duguay ◽  
Bruce MacVicar
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Doppler Velocity ◽  
Sweet Spot ◽  
Turbulence Statistics ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
Turbulent Statistics ◽  
Background Turbulence

Laboratory experiments were carried out in a small openchannel hydraulic flume at the Université de Sherbrooke. A PIV and an acoustic Doppler velocity profiler (Vectrino II (VII)) were used to measure high frequency velocities in profiles along the centreline of a small openchannel flume. Two background turbulence levels were tested. Comparisons were made of mean and turbulent statistics obtained with the two measurement techniques. The results show reasonable agreement between mean streamwise and lateral velocities measured with the PIV and VII near the “sweet spot” of the VII. In contrast, mean vertical velocities deviate substantially between the two measurement methods. Turbulence statistics have somewhat similar profile shapes, yet significant bias is observed between the two measurement methods.

scholarly journals Machine Vision-Based Pilling Assessment: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Furferi ◽  
Lapo Governi ◽  
Yary Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Automatic Machine ◽  
Defect Assessment ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Textile Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Fabric Surface

Pilling is an undesired defect of textile fabrics, consisting of a surface characterized by a number of roughly spherical masses made of entangled fibers. Mainly caused by the abrasion of fabric surface occurring during washing and wearing of fabrics, this defect needs to be accurately controlled and measured by companies working in the textile industry. Pilling measurement is traditionally performed using manual procedures involving visual control of fabric surface by human experts. Since the early nineties, great efforts in developing automatic and non-intrusive methods for pilling measurement have been made all around the world with the final aim of overcoming traditional, visual-based and subjective procedures. Machine Vision proved to be among the best options to perform such defect assessment since it provided increasingly performing measurement equipment and tools, serving the purpose of automatic control. In particular, a relevant number of interesting works have been proposed so far, sharing the idea of helping (or even replacing) traditional measurement methods using image processing-based ones. The present work provides a rational and chronological review of the most relevant methods for pilling measurement proposed so far. This work serves the purposes of 1) understanding whether today's automatic machine vision-based pilling measurement techniques are ready for supplanting traditional pilling measurement and 2) providing textile technology researchers with a bird's eye view of the main methods studied to confront with this problem.

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