Effect of Regenerated Cellulose of Ultrafiltration Membranes on POME Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazatul Shima Azmi ◽  
Khairul Faezah Md. Yunos
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Adsorption Treatment

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) in palm oil industry has become a big issue of environmental pollution to be solved urgently and critically. This wastewater consists of water, oil, and natural sediments. Hence, in this study, the work was carried out to investigate ultrafiltration process feasibility for treating palm oil mill effluent. Palm kernel shell bioactivated carbon (PKS-AC) adsorbent was used in adsorption treatment (pre-treatment) was used to reduced solid particles in POME. For adsorption treatment, POME was stirred with 0.20 g/L of PKS-AC at 39.94 minute and sediment for one hour. Membrane separation was subsequently applied to further treat the pre-treated POME. In this study, the permeate flux was found to be dependent to pressure applied, solution pH and stirring speed. An optium conditions was achieved at pressure 2 bar, with solution pH 8 using stirring speed 600 rpm. Considerable amount of POME pollutant is also reduced by used membrane for TS, DS, SS, BOD5, COD and turbidity were 625.32 mg/L, 445.32 mg/L, 180 mg/L, 1296 mg/L, 541.76 mg/L, and 16.20 NTU respectively. Thus, this result show that the pollutant in POME was reduced significantly using this technique.

Application of Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbon for the Removal of Pollutant and Color in Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
NorFaizah Jalani ◽  
AstimarAbdul Aziz ◽  
NoorshamsianaAbdul Wahab ◽  
WanHasamudin Wan Hassan ◽  
NahrulHayawin Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

scholarly journals Enhanced oil recovery from palm oil mill effluent using ultrasonication technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Y M Tang ◽  
W Y Wong ◽  
K T Tan ◽  
L P Wong
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Abstract Palm oil is the planet’s most exploited vegetable oil. However, its extensive commercialization has resulted in massive waste, particularly palm oil mill effluent (POME), contributing to severe environmental pollution. POME has a high concentration of oil and grease (O&G) with the mean value of 4,340 mg/L, exceeding the standard discharge limit of 50 mg/L. Hence, the recovery of oil content in POME is crucial as it could be a key material in biodiesel production. The oil droplets in POME exist in two phases: floating in the supernatant and suspended in the solids. During the solvent extraction process, the oil adsorbed by the solid particles is not entirely recovered. Thus, ultrasonication-based process intensification is introduced. Ultrasonication can break apart the solid particles and release the oil content using the principle of sound waves, thereby it will eventually increase the yield of oil recovery from POME. Although some studies were done on oil extraction from POME, the use of ultrasonication technique to enhance the extraction of oil from POME has never been done. The current research work is to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonication technique to enhance the oil recovery from POME and compare it to a non-ultrasonicated POME. Overall, this research discovered that using ultrasonication as a pre-treatment would improve oil recovery yield from POME by 39.17% as compared to non-ultrasonicated sample under the optimum ultrasonication conditions of 30% amplitude and 30 seconds duration.

scholarly journals Investigating the Palm Oil Mill Wastes Properties for Thermal Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Noraishah Shafiqah Yacob ◽  
Hassan Mohamed ◽  
Abd Halim Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Renewable energy is a reliable solution for addressing global warming and fossil fuel depletion issues. Due to the abundance of biomass resources, such as palm oil wastes, which are currently underutilised, this is an opportunity for Malaysia to seize and implement this renewable energy solution for power generation. Palm oil mill wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm mesocarp fibre (PMF), and palm kernel shell (PKS), are worth to be investigated as a possible feedstock for combustion in thermal power plants. Co-combustion or co-firing of biomass in coal-fired thermal power plants offers a significant potential to reduce harmful emissions and represents a low cost and low-risk method. This paper aims to review and compare existing biomass thermal combustion technologies globally to evaluate the potential of utilising palm oil waste with coal. Before undergoing various pretreatment options, it is necessary to understand the feedstock characteristics for thermal power plant combustion. It is recommended to implement the combustion of palm oil wastes with coal in Malaysia to reduce harmful pollution. Based on the findings, Malaysia appears to be on the right track to optimise the use of palm oil wastes for electricity generation. The enhanced usage will reduce the negative impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

scholarly journals Utilization of Palm Oil Mill Residue as Sustainable Pavement Materials: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. A. Yaro ◽  
◽  
M. Napiah ◽  
M. H. Sutanto ◽  
M. R. Hainin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Oil Fuel

The advances in industrial technology have led to a major rise in the amount and forms of residue, especially during the processing of agricultural products. With the paradigm shift towards renewable energy and sustainability, there is much emphasis on biomass energy around the world which generates an immense volume of residues yearly. These residues are burgeoning issues because they are not effectively managed and utilized. Hence, one solution is utilizing them in the pavement industry. This article focuses on palm oil mill residues that are abundantly available and discarded in Malaysia. This study evaluates published works of literature relating to the utilization of these residues like the Palm Oil Fiber (POF), Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA), and Palm Oil Clinker (POC) and Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) in the pavement industry. The outcome of the review acknowledges the greater sustainability potential of these residues with affirmative and satisfactory performance via the result of numerous research work. Also, with a reduction in CO2-emission, low radioactivity, and heavy metal leaching level. Therefore, the review suggests more exploration and utilization of the residue in the pavement industry since it promotes safety and harness sustainability.

Performance of cellulose acetate – polyethersulphone blend membrane prepared using microwave heating for palm oil mill effluent treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Idris ◽  
I. Ahmed ◽  
H.W. Jye
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The objective of this research is to investigate the performance of blend cellulose acetate (CA)–polyethersulphone (PES) membranes prepared using microwave heating (MWH) techniques and then compare it with blend CA-PES membranes prepared using conventional heating (CH) methods using bovine serum albumin solution. The superior membranes were then used in the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME). Various blends of CA-PES have been blended with PES in the range of 1–5 wt%. This distinctive series of dope formulations of blend CA/PES and pure CA was prepared using N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent. The dope solution was prepared by MW heating for 5 min at a high pulse and the membranes were prepared by phase inversion method. The performances of these membranes were evaluated in terms of pure water and permeate flux, percentage removal of total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The results indicate that blend membranes prepared using the microwave technique is far more superior compared to that prepared using CH. Blend membranes with 19% CA, 1–3% PES and 80% of DMF solvent were found to be the best membrane formulation.

scholarly journals Characterization of Oily and Non-Oily Natural Sediments in Palm Oil Mill Effluent

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem A. Alrawi ◽  
Nik Norulaini Nik Ab Rahman ◽  
Anees Ahmad ◽  
Norli Ismail ◽  
A. K. Mohd Omar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Sediment Size ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
The Many

Palm oil is one of the many vegetable oils widely consumed around the world. The production of palm oil requires voluminous amount of water with the concurrent generation of large amount of wastewater known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME is a mixture of water, oil, and natural sediments (solid particles and fibres).There is a dearth of information on the physical properties of these POME sediments. This study intends to distinguish the physical properties of oily and non-oily POME sediments which include sediment size, particle size distribution (PSD), sediment shape, sediment surface morphology, and sediment density. These characterizations are important for future researches because these properties have significant effects on the settling process that occurs either under natural gravity or by coagulations. It was found that the oily and non-oily POME sediments have different sizes with nonspherical irregular shapes, and because of that, the aspect ratio (AR) and circularity shape factors were adopted to describe the shapes of these sediments. The results also indicate that the density of oily POME sediment decreases as the sediment size increases.

scholarly journals ADSORPTION ISOTHERM STUDIES OF BOD, TSS AND COLOUR REDUCTION FROM PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) USING BOILER FLY ASH

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
J. Chibuzo Igwe ◽  
C. O. Onyegbado ◽  
Augustine Abia
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Boiler Fly Ash ◽  
Adsorption Treatment

Palm oil is one of the two most important vegetable oils in the world’s oil and fats market. The extraction and purification processes generate different kinds of waste generally known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). Earlier studies had indicated the possibility of using boiler fly ash to adsorb impurities and colour in POME treatment. The adsorption treatment of POME using boiler fly ash was further investigated in detail in this work with regards to the reduction of BOD, colour and TSS from palm oil mill effluent. The amount of BOD, colour and TSS adsorbed increased as the weight of the boiler fly ash used was increased. Also, the smallerparticle size of 425μm adsorbed more than the 850μm size. Attempts were made to fit the experimental data with the Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms. The R2values, which ranged from 0.8974–0.9898, 0.8848–0.9824 and 0.6235–0.9101 for Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms respectively, showed that Freundlich isotherm gave a better fit followed by Langmuir and then Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm. The sorption trend could be put as BOD > Colour > TSS. The apparent energy of adsorption was found to be 1.25, 0.58 and 0.97 (KJ/mol) for BOD, colour and TSS respectively, showing that sorption process occurs by physiosorption. Therefore, boiler fly ash is capable of reducing BOD, Colour and TSS from POME and hence could be used to develop a good adsorbent for POME treatment.

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