Effect of Starch Addition on Microstructure and Strength of Ball Clay Membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maisarah Mohamed Bazin ◽  
Muhd Amirudin Ahmat ◽  
Nurhanna Zaidan ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Compaction Process ◽  
Ceramic Structure ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Clay Membrane

The use of starch as pore-forming agent is one of the frequently used methods to produce porous ceramics membrane with controlled microstructure (porosity and pore size) because corn starch are cheap, non- toxic and environmental friendly. A membrane with the mixture 0–35 wt% of corn starch and ball clay were prepared by compaction process and sintered at 1200°C. Thermal analysis has been done to identify the minimum sintering temperature for ball clay. The sintered membranes show the range value of shrinkage is 4.5–22.76 % and apparent porosity of 9.14–31.83 % depending on the starch content. The pore structures were analyzed by FESEM. The strength of sintered samples was tested by 3-point bending test. The flexural strength reduced from 21–7 MPa. These clay membrane are promising porous ceramic structure for water filtration applications due to their excellent combination physical and mechanical properties.

Characterization of Nigerian Clay as Porous Ceramic Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abubakar ◽  
A.B. Aliyu ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Compaction Method ◽  
Percentage Porosity

Porous ceramics were produced by compaction method of Nigerian clay and cassava starch. The samples were prepared by adding an amount from 5 to 30%wt of cassava starch into the clay and sintered at temperature of 900-1300°C. The influence of cassava starch content on the bulk density and apparent porosity was studied. The result of XRD and DTA/TGA shows that the optimum sintering temperature was found to be 1300°C. The percentage porosity increased from 12.87 to 43.95% while bulk density decreased from 2.16 to 1.46g/cm3 with the increase of cassava starch from 5 to 30%wt. The effect of sintering temperature and cassava starch content improved the microstructure in terms of porosity and the thermal properties of porous clay for various applications which requires a specific porosity.

scholarly journals Utilization of diverse cheap materials as pore generating agent to manufacture low-cost porous ceramic

Cerâmica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (378) ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
M. M. Salman ◽  
N. S. Radhi ◽  
O. H. Sabr ◽  
H. T. Nhabih
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Sodium Feldspar

Abstract Paper waste, corn starch, and sawdust were utilized as pore generating agents to produce a porous ceramic. Kaolin clay, sodium feldspar, and 20% of pore generating agent were mixed, and the samples were formed by mold method, dried at room temperature for about 72 h and in a furnace at 115 ºC for 5 h, and then fired at 1200 ºC with a soaking time of 3 h. The samples were tested for measurement of physical and mechanical properties and the microstructure was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results showed that the sample prepared with corn starch had the highest porosity, lowest mechanical properties and permeability, and smallest pore size, while the characteristics of the sample prepared with sawdust were contrary; finally, the sample of paper waste had the highest permeability and intermediate values of other properties.

scholarly journals Fabrication of porous ceramics as clay/glass composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Aleksandrs Korjakins ◽  
Liga Radina ◽  
Diana Bajare
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Fire Resistant Material

<p>Nowadays porous ceramics are widely researched, becoming an increasingly marketable material in the world, mainly due to the wide possibilities of usage in different technical and technology industries. Porous ceramics are successfully used in the filtration and has a high potential of usage also in the production of heat insulation materials thus obtaining the material which combine high resistance that can compete with other heat insulation and constructive materials.</p><p class="R-AbstractKeywords">Article reports a study of porous ceramics, which are produced using foamglass pellets as melting fillers, despite the fact that these additives are not frequently used as filler in traditional ceramic materials. The basis of this method is mixing fire resistant material with hard and melting substance.</p><p class="R-AbstractKeywords">For the production of porous ceramics clay, hard filler, water and various sized foamglass pellets were used, thus allowing to determine optimal size of melting filler and thereby ensuring the necessary physical and mechanical properties of the obtained porous ceramic samples and required amount, size and division of pores.  Compressive strength tests were performed, as well as density and water absorption of the samples was determined.</p><p class="R-AbstractKeywords">Obtained results of the study shows that ceramic materials, obtained within the research, have great potential of application for load-bearing constructions as constructive building materials, as well as insulation materials. Production of porous ceramics materials, where foamglass pellets are used as melting filler, allows to produce more effective ceramics, creating high added value for the final product. </p>

scholarly journals Low - Temperature Sintering of Porous Ceramics via Sodium Borate Addition

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYSE KALEMTAS
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Sodium Borate ◽  
Low Temperature Sintering ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Sintering Additive ◽  
Starch Consolidation

In the current study, sodium borate-bonded highly open porous ceramics successfully produced by starch consolidation technique. Open porous ceramic production was carried out by using an economical grade a-Si3N4, corn starch, CC31 commercial-grade kaolin, and borax decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H2O). Borax decahydrate was used as a sintering aid in the system and total ceramic (a-Si3N4 + CC31): borax decahydrate ratio was kept constant at 5:1. Sintering studies of the shaped samples carried out in an air atmosphere at a relatively low sintering temperature, 1100°C, for one hour. Scanning electron microscopy investigations of the porous ceramic samples revealed that due to the high amount of borax based sintering additive a significant amount of liquid phase formed during the sintering process of the designed ceramics. Highly open porous(~66-74%) and lightweight(~0.64-0.83 g/cm3) ceramics were produced via starch consolidation technique and low-temperature sintering at atmospheric conditions.

scholarly journals Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of porous lead-free 0.5Ba(Ca0.8Zr0.2)O3-0.5(Ba0.7Ca 0.3)TiO3 ceramics

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Corn Starch ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Significant Enhancement ◽  
Dielectric And Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Piezoelectric Performance ◽  
Bczt Ceramic

Porous barium calcium zirconate titanate 0.5Ba(Ca0.8Zr0.2)O3-0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BCZT) lead-free ferroelectric ceramics were fabricated via a burnt polymer spheres (BURPS) technique by introducing corn starch as the pore-forming agent. The effect of porosity on the microstructure, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of the porous materials were investigated. An increase in porosity from 10 % to 25 % resulted in an increase in the hydrostatic charge coefficient (dh), which was 140 to 560 % higher than that of the dense BCZT material. An increase in porosity from 10 % to 25 % also lead to a decrease in relative permittivity that was 16.7% to 60.4% lower than the dense material. These two changes in properties provided a significant enhancement of the hydrostatic figure of merit (dh·gh) for the porous ceramic; for example the dh·gh of the 25 vol.% porous BCZT ceramic was 158 times more than the dense ceramic and demonstrates the potential of porous lead-free ferroelectrics for piezoelectric transducer devices. Reasons for the significant enhancement in piezoelectric performance of the porous ceramics are discussed.

Perspective Biomass Carrier for Anaerobic Processing Systems of Organic Waste AIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽  
Viktor S. Grigoriev ◽  
Dmitriy A. Kovalev ◽  
Andrey A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Developed Surface ◽  
Highly Porous

To speed up the wastewater treatment under aerobic conditions and to optimize the processes of anaerobic wastewater treatment in digesters, immobilization technologies of microorganisms and enzymes on solid carriers are used. Ceramic carriers based on aluminosilicates and alumina are one of the promising inorganic biomass carriers. (Research purpose) To study the structure of porous ceramic biomass carriers for anaerobic processing of organic waste and evaluate the prospects for their use. (Materials and methods) The substrate for anaerobic digestion was a mixture of sediments of the primary and secondary sewage sumps of the Lyubertsy treatment facilities. K-65 cattle feed was used to ensure the constancy of the composition of organic substances in substrates as a cosubstrate. The authors used the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption of Bruner-Emmett-Teller to study the pore structure and specific surface of solid carriers on a specific surface analyzer Quntachrome Autosorb-1. (Results and discussion) The main characteristics (specific surface, volume of micro- and mesopores, predominant pore radius, water absorption and others) of chamotte foam lightweight and highly porous corundum ceramics were determined. It was revealed that ceramic materials with a developed surface and electrically conductive material provided an increase in biogas yield by 3.8-3.9 percent with an increase in methane content by an average of 5 percent. (Conclusions) The results of anaerobic digestion showed a positive effect of both a conductive carrier and highly porous ceramic materials on the process of anaerobic bioconversion of organic waste into biogas. It is advisable to expand experimental studies on the use of a conductive carrier with a developed surface based on highly porous ceramics.

scholarly journals Production of Porous Ceramic Materials from Spent Fluorescent Lamps

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6056
Author(s):  
Egle Rosson ◽  
Acacio Rincón Rincón Romero ◽  
Denis Badocco ◽  
Federico Zorzi ◽  
Paolo Sgarbossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Commercial Glass ◽  
Triton X

Spent fluorescent lamps (SFL) are classified as hazardous materials in the European Waste Catalogue, which includes residues from various hi-tech devices. The most common end-of-life treatment of SFL consists in the recovery of rare earth elements from the phosphor powders, with associated problems in the management of the glass residues, which are usually landfilled. This study involves the manufacturing of porous ceramics from both the coarse glass-rich fraction and the phosphor-enriched fraction of spent fluorescent lamps. These porous materials, realizing the immobilization of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) within a glass matrix, are suggested for application in buildings as thermal and acoustic insulators. The proposed process is characterized by: (i) alkaline activation (2.5 M or 1 M NaOH aqueous solution); (ii) pre-curing at 75 °C; (iii) the addition of a surfactant (Triton X-100) for foaming at high-speed stirring; (iv) curing at 45 °C; (v) viscous flow sintering at 700 °C. All the final porous ceramics present a limited metal leaching and, in particular, the coarse glass fraction activated with 2.5 M NaOH solution leads to materials comparable to commercial glass foams in terms of mechanical properties.

INFLUENCE OF THE PYROLYTIC COMPACTION PROCESS ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-DENSITY CARBON-CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON PITCH MATRICES

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
V. V. Kulakov ◽  
M. I. Pankov ◽  
V. A. Sivurova ◽  
M. S. Luchkin ◽  
A. K. Golubkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Compaction Process ◽  
Carbon Composite Materials ◽  
Density Values

The efficiency of the pyrolytic carbon compaction process by decomposing methane in samples of a carbon-carbon composite randomly reinforced with discrete high-modulus (graphitized) carbon fibers with different densities is investigated. The analysis of the test results of samples for determining the compressive strength, determining the densities of samples after compaction with pyrocarbon and after compaction by impregnation and carbonization under pressure is carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the structure of material samples with different initial density values.

scholarly journals Effect of microwave disinfection on physical and mechanical properties of acrylic resins

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consant ◽  
Erica Brenoe Vieira ◽  
Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita ◽  
Wilson Batista Mendes ◽  
João Neudenir Arioli-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Knoop Hardness ◽  
Microwave Energy ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluated the effect of microwave energy on the hardness, impact strength and flexural strength of the Clássico, Onda-Cryl and QC-20 acrylic resins. Aluminum die were embedded in metallic or plastic flasks with type III dental stone, in accordance with the traditional packing technique. A mixing powder/liquid ratio was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. After polymerization in water batch at 74ºC for 9 h, boiling water for 20 min or microwave energy at 900 W for 10 min, the specimens were deflasked after flask cooling at room temperature, and submitted to finishing. Specimens non-disinfected and disinfected by microwave irradiation were submitted to hardness, impact and flexural strength tests. Each specimen was immersed in distilled water and disinfected in a microwave oven calibrated to 650 W for 3 min. Knoop hardness test was performed with 25 g load for 10 s, impact test was carried out using the Charpy system with 40 kpcm, and 3-point bending test with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey's test (?=0.05). Disinfection by microwave energy decreased the hardness of Clássico and Onda-Cryl acrylic resins, but no effect was observed on the impact and flexural strength of all tested resins.

Nanocrystalline ZrO2 Porous Ceramics Fabricated by SPS

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 1398-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Zhang ◽  
Ming Gang Wang ◽  
Zhan Kui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Porous Sample ◽  
Ceramic Structure ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Cellular Ceramic

The porous ZrO2 ceramics was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 520 °C. A dense closed micro-cellular ceramic structure was fabricated with micron Al90Mn9Ce1 alloy powders clading by 10 wt% ZrO2 nano-powder. SEM image showed that the thickness of ceramic cell wall was 1.0 - 2.0 μm. After deep corrosion with 10% HCl, an integrity nanocrystalline ZrO2 porous sample was obtained. Based on the experimental results, the transient spark plasma sintering mechanism of micron-nano mixing powder was also studied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document