Local Buckling in end Expansion of Subsea Pipelines

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaswar Koto ◽  
Abd. Khair Junaidi ◽  
M. H. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Offshore Platform ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
Specific Rule ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
Study Development

Offshore pipeline is mainly to transport crude oil and gas from offshore to onshore. It is also used to transport crude oil and gas from well to offshore platform and from platform to another platform. The crude oil and gas horizontally flows on the seabed, and then vertically flows inside the riser to the offshore platform. One of current issues of the oil and gas transportation system is an end expansion caused by the axial force. If the end expansion occurs over it limit can cause overstress to riser. This paper explores the effect of axial force toward local buckling in end expansion. In the study, development of programming in visual basic 2010 firstly was constructed using empirical equation. The programming code, then, was validated by comparing simulation result with actual data from company. As case study, the end expansion for various thicknesses of pipes was simulated. In this programming, DNV regulation is included for checking either design complied or not with regulation. However, DNV regulation doesn’t have specific rule regarding the end expansion but it is evaluated under load displacement control under strain condition.

Influence of Pressure in Pipeline Design: Effective Axial Force

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Fyrileiv ◽  
Leif Collberg
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
Local Stresses ◽  
Global Buckling ◽  
The One ◽  
Pipeline Design ◽  
Force Concept

This paper discusses use of the effective axial force concept in offshore pipeline design in general and in DNV codes in particular. The concept of effective axial force or effective tension has been known and used in the pipeline and riser industry for some decades. However, recently a discussion about this was initiated and doubt on how to treat the internal pressure raised. Hopefully this paper will contribute to explain the use of this concept and remove the doubts in the industry, if it exists at all. The concept of effective axial force allows calculation of the global behaviour without considering the effects of internal and/or external pressure in detail. In particular, global buckling, so-called Euler buckling, can be calculated as in air by applying the concept of effective axial force. The effective axial force is also used in the DNV-RP-F105 “Free spanning pipelines” to adjust the natural frequencies of free spans due to the change in geometrical stiffness caused by the axial force and pressure effects. A recent paper claimed, however, that the effect was the opposite of the one given in the DNV-RP-F105 and may cause confusion about what is the appropriate way of handling the pressure effects. It is generally accepted that global buckling of pipelines is governed by the effective axial force. However, in the DNV Pipeline Standard DNV-OS-F101, also the local buckling criterion is expressed by use of the effective axial force concept which easily could be misunderstood. Local buckling is, of course, governed by the local stresses, the true stresses, in the pipe steel wall. Thus, it seems unreasonable to include the effective axial force and not the true axial force as used in the former DNV Pipeline Standard DNV’96. The reason for this is explained in detail in this paper. This paper gives an introduction to the concept of effective axial force. Further it explains how this concept is applied in modern offshore pipeline design. Finally the background for using the effective axial force in some of the DNV pipeline codes is given.

scholarly journals Life Prediction of Crude Oil Pipeline to Mitigate Leakages: A Case Study of an NPDC Major Pipeline in OML30, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Freedom Ifowodo ◽  
Chinedum Ogonna Mgbemena ◽  
Christopher Okechukwu Izelu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil And Gas Field ◽  
Pipeline Failure ◽  
Pipeline Failures ◽  
Major Pipeline

Abstract Pipeline leak or failure is a dreaded event in the oil and gas industries. Top events such as catastrophes and multiple fatalities have occurred in the past due to pipeline leak or failure especially when loss of contents was met with fire incidents. It is therefore imperative that the causes of pipeline failure are tackled to prevent or mitigate leak incidents. This is expedient to curb the menace that goes with leak incidents, such as destruction of the environment and ecosystem; loss of assets, finance, lives and property; dangers to workers and personnel, production downtime, litigation and dent to company’s reputation. This work focuses on the investigation of the actual cause of sudden pipeline failures and frequent pipeline leaks that often result to sectional pipeline replacement before the expiration of their anticipated life cycle in OML30 oil and gas field. The pipeline material selected, the standard of the minimum wall thickness of the material, the corrosive nature of the pipeline content and the observed internal corrosion rate were probed. An analysis of the rate of thinning and diminution of the internal wall of the pipeline by monitoring the interior rate of corrosion was used to forecast the remaining life of a crude oil pipeline and predict the life expectancy of a newly replaced or installed pipeline or installed pipeline.

scholarly journals Solutions to gather and transport crude oil from Dai Hung Nam wellhead platform (WHP-DHN) to FPU DH-01 platform at Dai Hung Oil Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Thinh ◽  
Tang Van Dong ◽  
Le Quang Duyen ◽  
Nguyen The Vinh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Recovery Coefficient ◽  
Average Recovery ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
Positive Results

Dai Hung is an oilfield which lies at a deep water. The field is located in the Northeast of Nam Con Son basin in block block 05-1a. The total production explored at Dai Hung in April 30, 2018 reached 56.7 million barrels, corresponding to 13% of the average recovery coefficient of the oil field. The success of drilling wells for the development of Phase II (WHP-DH2) has proved that oil and gas exploitation in areas without drilling wells at Dai Hung oi field is potential. At present, PetroVietnam Exploration Production Corporation (PVEP) keeps undertaking activities on drilling exploration wells at Dai Hung Nam zone with positive results. This fact requires the construction of the offshore platform at this area for oil and gas exploitation activities. Therefore, Dai Hung Nam wellhead platform (WHP-DHN) will be built in this area and its exploited products will be transported to DH-01 platform by subsea pipelines. In order to transport exploited products safety, a research on flow assurance is required to consider and evaluate possibilities that may have effect on transportation process. The paper presents the results of research on hydraulic calculations for subsea pipelines to transport exploited products from WHP-DHN to DH-01 platform by taking advantage of experimental equations and using the software with the data obtained at this Oil Field. The results of the research will be the basic which helps to select the appropriate solutions to improve the transportation of exploited productions by subsea pipelines at WHP-DHN in the future stage.

Failure Mechanism and Limit Load Capacity of Subsea Pipelines With Dent Defects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
You Zong ◽  
Shaohua Dong ◽  
Yufeng Yan ◽  
Guoyan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Limit Load ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
The Impact

Abstract With the development of oil and gas resources extending to the deep sea, more and more submarine pipelines are applied, and the importance of the structural and functional integrity of submarine pipelines is becoming more and more prominent. Dent has long been considered one of the potential factors affecting the integrity of submarine pipelines, which can be formed when pipelines are impacted by fallings objects from the sea surface. Due to the seabed subsidence, pipeline suspension and earthquake, mudslide activity and other factors, submarine pipelines may be under bending moment, seriously affecting the safe operation of submarine pipelines. The study of failure and limit load capacity of submarine pipelines under external pressure and bending moment is of great significance. In this paper, the nonlinear finite element method is used to study the collapse failure and local buckling failure of subsea pipelines under external pressure and bending moment respectively. The process of the pipeline being dented by the impact of objects is simulated, spherical denter and wedge-shaped denter are considered. The influence of D/t and dent depth on collapse capacity and bending capacity are investigated. The results can be referred in engineering practice.

Assessment of the impact of ice gouging on the Arctic marine pipeline systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 284-292
Author(s):  
Ирина Георгиевна Силина ◽  
Вадим Андреевич Иванов ◽  
Сергей Валерьевич Знаменщиков
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
Pipeline Systems ◽  
Subsea Pipelines ◽  
The Impact

Для исследования методик оценки влияния ледовой экзарации на подводные трубопроводы проанализирована отечественная и зарубежная нормативно-техническая база в области проектирования, строительства и эксплуатации морских трубопроводных систем, подробно рассмотрены общие подходы к решению данного вопроса. Систематизирован опыт строительства и эксплуатации трубопроводов в условиях замерзающих акваторий, представлены способы их защиты от повреждений в результате дрейфа ледовых образований. Дана оценка характера формирования и особенностей распределения ледово-экзарационных форм по глубине акваторий. Показано, что существующая методология оценки воздействия ледовой экзарации на морские трубопроводы не позволяет в полной мере учесть льдогрунтовое взаимодействие. Установлена целесообразность разработки критериев для определения минимальной безопасной глубины заложения подводных трубопроводов в районах с дрейфующими льдами. Обозначены направления дальнейших исследований механизмов ледового выпахивания, деформаций прилежащего к трубе грунтового массива и поведения заглубленного трубопровода. Полученные результаты позволят дополнить существующую методологию учета воздействия ледовой экзарации на морские трубопроводы, прокладываемые в замерзающих акваториях, с целью обеспечения их безопасности и надежности. To consider the methods of assessing the impact of ice gouging phenomenon on subsea oil and gas pipelines, the authors analyzed Russian and foreign codes and standards in the field of offshore pipeline systems design, construction and operation, and also considered in detail scientific approaches to investigate this issue. Within the framework of the analysis of peculiarities of offshore pipelines operation in areas with ice gouging, systematization of experience gained from pipeline systems operation in freezing waters was carried out, and methods of pipeline protection from damages caused by drifting ice formations were considered. The assessment of ice induced gouges formation and distribution features is performed. It is shown that the assessment methods presented in current codes and standards to determine the ice gouging impact on marine pipelines do not allow to directly take into account the ice-soil interaction. The feasibility of developing criteria for determining the minimum required burial depth for subsea pipelines in areas with ice gouging is determined. The directions of further research to ensure safe and failure-free operation of subsea pipeline systems in freezing water areas are presented.

Varied Responses to Human-Induced Seismicity in the City of Azle, Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sarmistha R. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The Status

Fracking has helped to usher in an era of energy abundance in the United States. This advanced drilling procedure has helped the nation to attain the status of the largest producer of crude oil and natural gas in the world, but some of its negative externalities, such as human-induced seismicity, can no longer be ignored. The occurrence of earthquakes in communities located at proximity to disposal wells with no prior history of seismicity has shocked residents and have caused damages to properties. It has evoked individuals’ resentment against the practice of injection of fracking’s wastewater under pressure into underground disposal wells. Though the oil and gas companies have denied the existence of a link between such a practice and earthquakes and the local and state governments have delayed their responses to the unforeseen seismic events, the issue has gained in prominence among researchers, affected community residents, and the media. This case study has offered a glimpse into the varied responses of stakeholders to human-induced seismicity in a small city in the state of Texas. It is evident from this case study that although individuals’ complaints and protests from a small community may not be successful in bringing about statewide changes in regulatory policies on disposal of fracking’s wastewater, they can add to the public pressure on the state government to do something to address the problem in a state that supports fracking.

Shale Resources, Parks Conservation, and Contested Public Lands in North Dakota’s Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Is Fracking Booming?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Aczel ◽  
Karen E. Makuch
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Theodore Roosevelt ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
Theodore Roosevelt National Park ◽  
Bakken Shale

This case study analyzes the potential impacts of weakening the National Park Service’s (NPS) “9B Regulations” enacted in 1978, which established a federal regulatory framework governing hydrocarbon rights and extraction to protect natural resources within the parks. We focus on potential risks to national parklands resulting from Executive Orders 13771—Reducing Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs [1]—and 13783—Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth [2]—and subsequent recent revisions and further deregulation. To establish context, we briefly overview the history of the United States NPS and other relevant federal agencies’ roles and responsibilities in protecting federal lands that have been set aside due to their value as areas of natural beauty or historical or cultural significance [3]. We present a case study of Theodore Roosevelt National Park (TRNP) situated within the Bakken Shale Formation—a lucrative region of oil and gas deposits—to examine potential impacts if areas of TRNP, particularly areas designated as “wilderness,” are opened to resource extraction, or if the development in other areas of the Bakken near or adjacent to the park’s boundaries expands [4]. We have chosen TRNP because of its biodiversity and rich environmental resources and location in the hydrocarbon-rich Bakken Shale. We discuss where federal agencies’ responsibility for the protection of these lands for future generations and their responsibility for oversight of mineral and petroleum resources development by private contractors have the potential for conflict.

THE URBAN MIGRANT FUTURE DESIRE: A STUDY OF REVERSE MIGRATION IN MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Nur Huzeima Mohd Hussain ◽  
Hugh Byrd ◽  
Nur Azfahani Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Oil Crisis

Globalisation combined with resources of oil and gas has led to an industrial society in Malaysia.  For the past 30 years, rapid urban growth has shifted from 73% rural to 73% urban population. However, the peak oil crisis and economic issues are threatening the growth of urbanisation and influencing the trends of population mobility. This paper documents the beginnings of a reverse migration (urban-to-rural) in Malaysia.  The method adopted case study that involves questionnaires with the urban migrants to establish the desires, definite intentions and reasons for future migration. Based on this data, it predicts a trend and rate of reverse migration in Malaysia. 

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