Hardware Design of Laser Optical Tomography System for Detection of Bubbles Column

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naizatul Shima Mohd Fadzil ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Safirin Karis ◽  
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji ◽  
Mohd Fadzli Abdul Sahib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Hardware Design ◽  
Bubble Columns ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chemical Process Industry ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Wide Range

This paper presents a hardware design and optical tomography application for fast cross sectional detection of single or two phase flows in pipes or bubble columns. Sixteen laser pointer transmitters and photodiode receivers are arranged at the object cross sectional boundary to detect the existence of bubbles inside a vertical column pipeline. A valve is installed at the bottom of the pipe to produce the source of bubbles. Due to the simple operation, good heat transfer and mass transfer of bubble columns, they can be applied in a wide range of applications in the chemical process industry. The size of the bubbles produced was estimated to be between 5 mm and 20 mm in diameter. The voltage drop at the sensor directly shows the existence of bubbles between the transmitter and receiver.

Octagon Modelling Using Parallel Projection of Optical Tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naizatul Shima Mohd Fadzil ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Juliza Jamaludin ◽  
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji ◽  
Mohd Fadzli Abdul Sahib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Hardware Design ◽  
Parallel Projection ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross

This paper presents a hardware design, arrangement and measurement for optical tomography where optical tomography uses light sources as the transmitter and photodiodes as the receiver. By using parallel projection for 44 laser transmitters and photodiode receivers at the cross-sectional boundary, the existence of bubbles inside a vertical column pipeline is determined. Octagon modelling with an eight-sided jig is used for projection and the measurement method for this research is shown. An offline technique is used to collect readings from each signal and the image is reconstructed from the data received.

Design Of An Infrared Tomography System For Detection Of Bubbles

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Aizat Hashim ◽  
Yusri Yunos ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Herlina Abdul Rahim ◽  
Saiful Badri Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Optical Process ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrared Tomography ◽  
Analogue To Digital

Dalam kajian ini, sebuah sistem tomografi menggunakan penderia direka untuk digunakan untuk model paip menegak. Sistem tomografi ini akan digunakan untuk mengira jumlah buih sambil mengukur saiz buih yang terkandung dalam model paip yang diisi dengan air. Sistem ini akan direka bermula dari pemilihan jenis penderia optik sehinggalah ke teknik pemprosesan data. Penderia cahaya infra merah digunakan sebagai sumber cahaya untuk sistem ini. Sifat–sifat beberapa diod foto dikaji dan dibandingkan bagi memilih model yang sesuai untuk sistem ini. Mikro pengawal berfungsi untuk melakukan kerja penukaran isyarat analog ke digital. Beberapa eksperimen telah dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti prestasi sistem penderia tersebut. Hukum Lambert–Beer menyatakan bahawa atenuasi dan penyerapan cahaya berlaku apabila cahaya melintasi bahan yang berlainan. Beberapa eksperimen dijalankan bagi mengetahui sama ada sistem ini mampu mengesan buih dalam paip yang mengandungi air. Data yang diperoleh akan dibandingkan dengan hipotesis yang dibuat mengenai atenuasi dan penyerapan cahaya. Kata kunci: Tomografi optik; kadar halaju zarah; proses tomografi. In this study, an optical process tomography with 2 orthogonal projections is being designed to be implemented at a vertical column modelled. The tomography system will be designed from the development of transducer pairs to the data acquisition system implemented. Infrared emitters are being considered as a light source due to the difference of its wavelength with the wavelength of visible light. Photodiodes are being characterized and compared for maximizing its performance when integrated with the system. Microcontrollers are functioned to perform analogue–to–digital conversion. Experiments are being conducted to investigate whether the system is able to detect gas bubbles in the vertical column. The results from the studies will be compared with theoretical hypotheses of light absorption and light attenuation. Key words: Optical tomography; mass flow rate; process tomography

Development of NIR optical tomography system for the investigation of two-phase flows

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago P. Vendruscolo ◽  
Marcelo V. W. Zibetti ◽  
Rodolfo L. Patyk ◽  
Guilherme Dutra ◽  
Rigoberto E. M. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Two Phase Flows ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tomography System

Concentration Profiling Of Two Phase Flow In A Gravity Flow Rig Using Optical Tomography

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sallehuddin Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Fua’ad Rahmat ◽  
Mustafa Musbah Elmajri ◽  
Mohammad Amri Mohammad Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Gravity Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Tomography Method

Matlamat kertas kerja ini ialah untuk membentangkan penyelidikan tentang penggunaan kaedah tomografi optik menggunakan penderia–penderia infra merah untuk pemantauan masa nyata terhadap zarah–zarah pepejal yang dialirkan oleh rig aliran graviti. Penderia terdiri daripada dua projeksi cahaya orthogonal dan dua projeksi cahaya melintang untuk membentuk deretan atas dan bawah menjadi empat projeksi selari. Penumpuan pancaran daripada satu sumber cahaya dan mengalirkannya melalui rejim aliran yang memastikan keamatan pancaran dikesan pada bahagian yang bertentangan disambungkan kepada agihan dan pekali serapan bagi fasa–fasa yang berbeza dalam laluan pancaran. Maklumat pada aliran yang diperolehi oleh penderia-penderia yang dipasang di bahagian atas dan bawah akan dijadikan dalam bentuk digital oleh sistem perolehan data sebelum ia dihantar ke sebuah computer untuk dianalisis untuk memaparkan keratan silang imej. Penyelidikan ini berjaya dikembangkan dan diuji menggunakan sebuah sistem tomografi infra merah untuk memaparkan kepekatan aliran dwi fasa dalam rig aliran gravity. Kata kunci: Profil kepekatan; aliran dwi fasa; tomografi optic; infra-merah; aliran pepejal The objective of this paper is to present research on the use of an optical tomography method using infra–red sensors for real–time monitoring of solid particles conveyed by a gravity flow rig. The sensor comprised two orthogonal and two diagonal light projections to form upstream and downstream arrays in a total of four parallel projections. Collimating the radiated beam from a light source and passing it through a flow regime ensures that the intensity of radiation detected on the opposite side is linked to the distribution and the absorption coefficients of the different phases in the path of the beam. The information on the flow captured using upstream and downstream infra-red sensors is digitized by the DAS system before it was passed into a computer to be analyzed in order to reconstruct the cross section image. This investigation successfully developed and tested an infra–red tomography system to profile the concentration of two phase flow in a gravity flow rig. Key words: Concentration profiles; two phase flow; optical tomography; infra–red; solid flow

OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY SYSTEM: APPLICATION OF CHARGE COUPLED DEVICE (CCD) FOR SOLID AND TRANSPARENT OBJECTS DETECTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliza Jamaludin ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Herlina Abdul Rahim ◽  
Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Reconstruction ◽  
Laser Diode ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Transparent Objects ◽  
Objects Detection

This research presents an application of Charge Coupled Device (CCD) linear sensor and laser diode in an optical tomography system. These optoelectronic sensors are believed to detect solid objects rather than transparent objects. Based on the research results, the development of optical tomography system using Charge Coupled Device (CCD) and laser diode has helped to enhance the potential of these sensors in detecting high to low opacity objects. Experiments for detecting a solid rod, glass rod and transparent hollow straw in non-flowing crystal clear water were conducted in this study. Investigation on the effect of number of views also studied in this research. From the image reconstruction results, it clearly shows a cross-sectional image of a pipeline system with the existence of opaque and transparent objects in multiphase flows. For 320 views image reconstruction, it gives high resolution of image results compared to 160 views image reconstruction. 

High-Energy X-Ray CT Measurement of Void Fraction Distribution Around Part Length Rods in a Rod Bundle at High Pressure and Temperatures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Arai ◽  
Atsushi Ui ◽  
Masahiro Furuya ◽  
Riichiro Okawa ◽  
Tsugumasa Iiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Void Fraction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Uniform Heat Flux ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rod Bundle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Void Fraction Distribution ◽  
Fraction Distribution ◽  
Heated Length

Abstract A boiling experiment was conducted to acquire a three-dimensional void fraction distribution in a rod bundle with part length rods. The test section was a 5 × 5 heated rod bundle that partially simulated a BWR rod bundle, and three PLRs were arranged together in the corner. The heated length of the full-length rod was 3.71 m, which is equal in length to an actual fuel rod in BWRs, whereas the heated length of the PLR was 1.85 m. The rod bundle exhibited an axially and radially uniform heat flux. Further, the local void fraction was quantified by normalizing the intensities in the CT images of the boiling two-phase flow with those obtained under the liquid-phase and gas-phase conditions. The cross-sectional void fraction distribution was acquired at six height levels. The experimental results exhibited the void distribution around PLRs with respect to a wide range of flow conditions, inlet temperatures, inlet flow rates, bundle thermal powers, and system pressures.

2D Measurement and Simulation of Microparticle Cross-Sectional Distribution by Micro Process Tomography

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Eun Choi ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Masahiro Takei
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Particle Movement ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography

The application of micro process tomography to microchannels is considered in this paper. Using the micro process tomography system in microchannel, a particle distribution image can be obtained in a two phase flow. Based on the reconstructed image, it is easy to estimate the particle movement in a fluid flow. A novel microchannel system is designed for electrical process tomography that includes 60 electrodes distributed cross-sectional at five positions. The particle and water were injected into the microchannel, and then the capacitance of the fluid flow was measured at cross-section of microchannel. The result showed the 2D image of particle distribution of cross-section in the microchannel. Also, cross-sectional images of the particle distribution of a two phase flow are simulated.

Imaging Of Solid Flow In Air Using Dual Modality Tomography

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salehuddin Ibrahim ◽  
Noorfaizah Mohammad Rohi ◽  
Mustafa Musbah Elmajri ◽  
Nor Syahiran Zahidin
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Solid Flow ◽  
Tomographic Images ◽  
Dual Modality ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Infra Red

Matlamat keseluruhan projek ini ialah untuk menyelidiki manfaat yang boleh diperoleh daripada sistem tomografi dwi ragam (optik dan elektrodinamik) untuk mengukur imej tomografi terhadap aliran pepejal. Penyelidikan ini melibatkan kajian ke atas pengagihan manikmanik plastik yang dialirkan dalam sebuah paip dengan memasang penderia–penderia optik dan elektrodinamik di sekeliling paip tanpa mengganggu aliran di dalam paip. Sistem tomografi dwi raga mini dibahagikan kepada dua bahagian, yang terdiri dari perkakasan dan perisian. Perkakasan optik direka bentuk menggunakan 32 BPX65 penderia foto diod yang bertindak sebagai penerima dan dua lampu halogen yang bertindak sebagai pemancar cahaya. Penderia–penderia ini diatur sebagai dua projeksi selari. Penderia–penderia elektrodinamik direka bentuk menggunakan 16 elektrod yang dipasang pada jarak yang sama di sekeliling dinding paip. Sistem tomografi ini mampu memaparkan agihan kepekatan objek di dalam paip. Kata kunci: Profil kepekatan; aliran dwi fasa; tomografi optic; infra–merah; aliran pepejal The overall aim of this project is to investigate the benefits of dual modality (optical and electrodynamics) tomography system for the measurement of tomographic images of solids flow. This research will investigate the distribution of conveying plastic beads in a conveying pipe by placing optical and electrodynamics sensors around the pipe without interrupting the flow inside the pipe. The dual modality tomography system is divided into two main parts, which are the development of hardware and software. Optical hardware is designed using 32 BPX65 photodiode sensors acting as receivers and two halogen bulbs acting as light transmitters. The sensors are arranged as two parallel projections. The electrodynamics sensors are designed using 16 electrodes positioned equidistantly around the periphery of the pipe wall. The tomography system is able to display the concentration profile of the objects inside the pipe. Key words: Concentration profiles; two phase flow; optical tomography; infra–red; solid flow

Charge‐coupled device based on optical tomography system for monitoring two‐phase flow

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jamaludin ◽  
R. Abdul Rahim ◽  
H. Abdul Rahim ◽  
M.H. Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
J. Mohd Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Tomography System
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