Emission Reduction From Burner System By Varying Swirler Blade Angle

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar ◽  
Muhamad Shukri Abdul Mookmin ◽  
Ismail Samat
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Back Plate ◽  
Curved Blade ◽  
Fuel Burner

Kertas kerja ini mempersembahkan pengaruh mengubah sudut bilah pemusar udara aliran jejarian yang kecil dalam mengurangkan emisi seperti oksida nitrogen (NOx) dan karbon monoksida (CO). Dalam kajian ini, satu sistem pembakar berbahan api cecair menggunakan empat pemusar udara aliran jejarian yang berlainan sudut bilah diuji di dalam kebuk pembakar berdiameter 163 mm dan panjang 280 mm. Ujian dijalankan menggunakan kerosin sebagai bahan api. Pemusar udara aliran jejarian dengan bilah terlengkung berdiameter keluaran 40 mm dipasang pada satah masukan pembakar bagi menjana aliran berpusar. Bahan api dipancitkan pada plat belakang keluaran pemusar menggunakan pemancit bahan api pusat dengan dua nozel bahan api menghala keluar secara paksi. Sudut pemusar udara dan nisbah setara diubah–ubah. Ujian dilaksanakan menggunakan empat pemusar udara yang berlainan sudut, iaitu masing–masing 30°, 40°, 50° dan 60°. Pengurangan NOx melebihi 50 peratus dicapai untuk sudut bilah 60° berbanding pada sudut bilah 30°. Emisi CO juga dikurangkan sebanyak 72 peratus pada sudut bilah 60° berbanding pada sudut bilah 30°. Kata kunci: Aliran berpusar; pembakar industri; emisi NOx; emisi CO; bilah terlengkung This paper presents the effect of varying the blade angle of a small radial air swirler on reducing emissions such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO). In this research a liquid fuel burner system with four different radial air swirler blade angles has been investigated using 163 mm inside diameter combustor of 280 mm length. Tests were conducted using kerosene as fuel. A radial flow air swirler with curved blades having 40 mm outlet diameter was inserted at the inlet plane of the combustor to produce swirling flow. Fuel was injected at the back plate of the swirler outlet using central fuel injector with two fuel nozzles pointing axially outwards. The swirler blade angles and equivalence ratios were varied. Tests were carried out using four different air swirlers having 30°, 40°, 50° and 60° blade angles, respectively. A NOx reduction of more than 50 percent was achieved for blade angle of 60° compared to the 30° blade angle. CO emissions were also reduced by 72 percent for 60° blade angle compared 30° blade angle. Key words: Swirling flow; industrial burner; NOx emissions; CO emissions; curved blade

Pengaruh Penyelitan Plat Orifis dalam Mengurangkan Emisi dari Pembakar

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar ◽  
Mohd. Rosdzimin Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak ◽  
Kiran Babu Appalanaidu
Keyword(s):  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Orifice Plate ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Back Plate ◽  
Vane Angle ◽  
Fuel Burner

Penyelidikan telah dijalankan ke atas plat orifis pelbagai saiz yang dipasangkan pada keluaran pemusar udara sebuah pembakar berbahan api cecair yang berdiameter dalam 163 mm dan panjangnya 280 mm. Pembakar ini menggunakan kerosin sebagai bahan api. Terdapat dua saiz plat orifis yang setiap satunya berdiameter 25 mm dan 30 mm telah digunakan dengan pemusar udara aliran jejarian yang mempunyai sudut bilah 30°. Dalam ujikaji ini, penyelitan plat orifis ini akan menyebabkan peningkatan terhadap kehilangan tekanan di bahagian keluaran pemusar dan seterusnya meningkatkan aliran gelora yang akan menambah kadar percampuran bahan api dengan udara. Pemancit bahan api semburan paksi yang mempunyai dua lubang keluaran telah dipasangkan di bahagian belakang pemusar udara. Kadar alir bahan api menjadi parameter yang diubah dalam ujikaji yang dijalankan. Keputusan yang diperolehi menunjukkan dengan penyelitan plat orifis, emisi NOx berjaya dikurangkan sebanyak 50% bagi penyelitan plat orifis 25 mm, manakala CO sebanyak 5% dan CO2 sebanyak 20% jika dibandingkan dengan kes tanpa penyelitan plat orifis. Kata kunci: Plat orifis; emisi NOx; pemusar udara; emisi CO; pemancit bahan api A liqued fuel burner system with different orifice plate sizes mounted at the exit plane of the radial air swirler outlet has been investigated using 163 mm inside diameter combustor of 280 mm length. All tests were conducted using kerosene as fuel. Two different orifice plates with diameter of 25 mm and 30 mm were used with a 30° radial air swirler vane angle. The purpose of orifice plate insertion was to create the swirler pressure loss at the swirler outlet so that the swirler outlet shear layer turbulence was maximized to assist in the mixing of fuel and air. Fuel was injected at the back plate of the swirler outlet using central fuel injector with dual fuel nozzles pointing axially outwards. The fuel flow rates were varied. The results show that orifice plate enhances better mixing and reduces NOx emmisions. NOx reduction of more than 50% was obtained using the 25 mm diameter orifice plate compared to the test condition without orifice plate. CO emissions were also reduced by 5%. CO2 emission reduction of more than 20% was achieved for the same condition. Key words: Orifice plate; NOx emissions; air swirler; CO emissions; fuel atomiser

Effect of Varying the Retainer Angle on the Performance of Oil Burner

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arizal, M. A. A. ◽  
Jaafar, M. N. M.
Keyword(s):  
Recirculation Zone ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emission ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

A research has been done to observe the effect of varying the retainer angle on the performance of oil burner in terms of exhaust gas emissions and temperatures. Retainer was a flame stabilizer used to stabilize the flame, improve mixing between air and fuel and affect the formation of emissions such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). These emissions can cause harm to the world ecosystem. One of the methods to reduce emissions was by varying the retainer's blade angle to certain angle that complete the combustion with high efficiencies and less emissions. In this research, an oil burner with four different retainer angles has been investigated using a combustor of one meter length. Tests were conducted using diesel as feedstock. Four different retainer angles used are 15°, 30° (baseline), 45°, and 60° with swirl number 0.2016, 0.4344, 0.7524, and 1.3032. From the experiment, data shown that swirling flow affect the formation of recirculation zone thus provides the aerodynamics blockage to stabilize the flame and emissions reduced due to varying the retainer angles and the best retainer angle was achieved by consider the exhaust gas emission reduction.

The Impact of Representative Aerodynamic Flow Fields on Liquid Fuel Atomisation in Modern Gas Turbine Fuel Injectors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Barker ◽  
J. F. Carrotte
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Swirl Vane ◽  
The Impact

In modern gas turbine engines swirl is typically imparted to the airflow as it enters the region of heat release to stabilize the flame. This swirling airstream is often highly turbulent and contains non-uniformities such as swirl vane wakes. However, it is within this environment that fuel atomization takes place. This paper is concerned with the potential effect of these airstream characteristics on the atomization process. Such a flow field is difficult to capture within simplified geometries and so measurements have been made within, and downstream of, injector representative geometries. This is experimentally challenging and required the application of a variety of techniques. The geometry considered is thought typical of an air-blast style injector, as may be used within current or future applications, whereby liquid fuel is introduced onto a pre-filming surface over which an airstream passes. Data is presented which characterizes the atomizing airstream presented to the pre-filming region. This includes significant flow field non-uniformities and turbulence characteristics that are mainly associated with the swirling flow along with the vanes used to impart this swirl. The subsequent development of these aerodynamic features over the pre-filming surface is also captured with, for example, swirl vane wakes being evident through the injector passage and into the downstream flow field. It is argued these characteristics will be common to many injector designs. Measurements with and without fuel indicate the effect of the liquid film, on the non-dimensional aerodynamic flow field upstream of the pre-filming region, is minimal. However, the amount of airflow passing through the pre-filming passage is affected. In addition to characterization of the airstream, its impact on the liquid fuel film and its development along the pre-filming surface is visualized. Furthermore, PDA measurements downstream of the fuel injector (i.e. the injector ‘far-field) are presented and the observed spray characteristics spatially correlated with the upstream aerodynamic atomizing flow field. Hence for the first time a series of experimental techniques have been used to capture and correlate both near and far field atomization characteristics within an engine representative aerodynamic flow field.

The Influence of Orifice Insertion for Low Noxious Emissions from Combustion System

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 684-688
Author(s):  
Mohamad Shaiful Ashrul Ishak ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar ◽  
Mohd. Amirul Amin Arizal ◽  
Norwazan Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohammad Roslan Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Ratio ◽  
Orifice Plate ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Orifice Area ◽  
Back Plate ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Fuel Nozzle ◽  
Vane Angle ◽  
Outlet Orifice ◽  
Fuel Burner

This paper presents the effect of inserting swirler outlet orifice plate of different sizes at the exit plane of the radial air swirler in liquid fuel burner system. Tests were carried out with three different orifice plates with area ratios (orifice area to swirler exit area ratio) between 0.7 and 1.0 using 280 mm inside diameter combustor of 1000 mm length. Several tests were conducted using the commercial diesel as fuel. The fuel was injected at the back plate of the 45o vane angle swirler outlet using a central fuel injector with a single fuel nozzle pointing axially outwards. The aim of the insertion of orifice plates is to create the swirler pressure loss at the swirler outlet phase in order to maximise the swirler outlet shear layer turbulence to assist the fuel/air mixing. In the present work, the orifice plate with smaller area ratios exhibited very low NOX emissions for the whole operating equivalence ratios. The NOX reduction of more than 20 percent is achieved for orifice with 0.7 area ratio compared to 1.0 area ratio. Other emission such as carbon monoxide is increased with the decrease in the orifice area ratios. The results from this experiment show that good combustion is achieved by using smallest area ratios of orifice plate.

NOx reduction by steam injection method during liquid fuel and waste burning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor S. Anufriev ◽  
Evgeny P. Kopyev ◽  
Ivan S. Sadkin ◽  
Mariia A. Mukhina
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
Injection Method ◽  
Waste Burning

scholarly journals Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Palm Oil-Based Biodiesel in a Liquid Fuel Burner

2020 ◽  
Vol 884 ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
Amirul A Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad N M Jaafar ◽  
Norazila B Othman ◽  
Anis A M Azli ◽  
Mazlan Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Burner

Liquid fuel burner with oxygen replenishment for testing scramjet combustors

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guimaraes ◽  
L. Sinay ◽  
D. Bastos-Netto ◽  
A. Guimaraes ◽  
L. Sinay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Scramjet Combustors ◽  
Fuel Burner

scholarly journals OPTIMIZED FUEL INJECTOR DESIGN FOR MAXIMUM IN-FURNACE NOx REDUCTION AND MINIMUM UNBURNED CARBON

10.2172/7176 ◽  
1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
A F SAROFIM ◽  
R LISAUSKAS ◽  
D RILEY ◽  
E G EDDINGS ◽  
J BROUWER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Injector Design

scholarly journals Rapid Liquid Fuel Mixing for Lean-Burning Combustors: Low-Power Performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Leong ◽  
C. S. Smugeresky ◽  
V. G. McDonell ◽  
G. S. Samuelsen
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Lean Direct Injection

Designers of advanced gas turbine combustors are considering lean direct injection strategies to achieve low NOx emission levels. In the present study, the performance of a multipoint radial airblast fuel injector Lean Burn injector (LBI) is explored for various conditions that target low-power gas turbine engine operation. Reacting tests were conducted in a model can combustor at 4 and 6.6 atm, and at a dome air preheat temperature of 533 K, using Jet-A as the liquid fuel. Emissions measurements were made at equivalence ratios between 0.37 and 0.65. The pressure drop across the airblast injector holes was maintained at 3 and 7–8 percent. The results indicate that the LBI performance for the conditions considered is not sufficiently predicted by existing emissions correlations. In addition, NOx performance is impacted by atomizing air flows, suggesting that droplet size is critical even at the expense of penetration to the wall opposite the injector. The results provide a baseline from which to optimize the performance of the LBI for low-power operation.

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