MmNi5 and MmNi4.85Fe0.15 as Hydrogen Storage Medium

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Johari ◽  
Rosli Mohd. Yunus ◽  
Mohd. Suffian Noordin ◽  
Mohd. Nazlee Faisal Md. Ghazali ◽  
Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Plateau Pressure ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Hydride Hydrogen ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Medium

Ciri–ciri MmNi5 dan MmNi4.85Fe0.15 sebagai medium gas hidrogen telah dilakukan di dalam penyelidikan ini. Keupayaan penyerapan logam tersebut adalah dipengaruhi oleh faktor suhu dan dan tekanan. Julat suhu yang dipilih adalah di antara 298K dan 323K manakala tekanan diubah–ubah dari 2 hingga 30 bar. Dalam penyelidikan ini didapati bahawa jumlah gas hidrogen yang diserap oleh MmNi5 adalah berkadar songsang dengan suhu. Jumlah penyerapan maksimum NmNi5 telah dicapai pada suhu 298K dan pada tekanan plateau 10 m bar. Nilai penyerapan hidrogen pada suhu dan tekanan tersebut adalah 1.20 peratus berat. Bagi penyerapan MmNi5 pada 313K dan 323K, keputusan menunjukkan nilai 0.9 dan 0.8 peratus berat. Masing–masing menunjukkan tekanan plateau didapati pada 20 dan 24 bar. Penyelidikan ke atas MmNi4.85 menunjukkan keputusan yang tidak menepati dengan teori. Hasil daripada rujukan dan penyelidikan yang menyeluruh, didapati bahawa proses pengaktifan sampel yang dilakukan adalah tidak mencukupi untuk mengaktifkan MmNi4.85Fe0.15. Kata kunci: Logam hidrid; penyimpanan gas hidrogen; proses pengaktifan; tekanan plateau; jumlah penyerapan hidrogen The characteristics of MmNi5 and MmNi4.85Fe0.15 in storing hydrogen gas were examined in this study. The absorption capacity of the metal was monitored under the influence of temperature and pressure. Due to the limitation on its operating conditions, the range of the temperature chosen was from 298K to 323K while pressure was varied from 2 to 30 bar. Study conducted on MmNi5, showed that the amount of hydrogen absorbed was inversely proportional to the operating temperature. In the study of MnNi5 the maximum absorption was achieved at 298K and exhibited the plateau pressure of 10 bar. The hydrogen content was expressed as weight and the value was calculated to be at 1.20 wt%. As for MmNi5 at 313K abd 323K, the results are pointed at 0.9 wt% and 0.8 wt% whilst the plateau was encountedered at 20 and 24 bar, respectively. Study conducted on MmNi4.85Fe0.15 showed inconsistent findings with theory. After thorough examination, it was realized that the misbehavior of the sample was due to the insufficient agrresiveness activations method employed. Key words: Metal hydride; hydrogen storage; activation process; plateau pressure; hydrogen absorbed content

Crack Growth Analysis of High-Pressure Equipment for Hydrogen Storage

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Y. Li ◽  
C. L. Zhou ◽  
Y. Z. Zhao ◽  
Z. L. Hua ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Crack growth analysis (CGA) was applied to estimate the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment constructed by the practical materials of 4340 (two heats), 4137, 4130X, A286, type 316 (solution-annealed (SA) and cold-worked (CW)), and type 304 (SA and CW) in 45, 85 and 105 MPa hydrogen and air. The wall thickness was calculated following five regulations of the High Pressure Gas Safety Institute of Japan (KHK) designated equipment rule, KHKS 0220, TSG R0002, JB4732, and ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 3. We also applied CGA for four typical model materials to discuss the effect of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), pressure and hydrogen sensitivity on the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment. Leak before burst (LBB) was confirmed in all practical materials in hydrogen and air. The minimum KIC required for LBB of the model material with UTS of even 1500 MPa was 170 MPa·m0.5 in 105 MPa. Cycle life qualified 103 cycles for all practical materials in air. In 105 MPa hydrogen, the cycle life by KIH was much shorter than that in air for two heats of 4340 and 4137 sensitive to hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE). The cycle life of type 304 (SA) sensitive to HGE was almost above 104 cycles in hydrogen, while the cycle life of type 316 (SA and CW) was not affected by hydrogen and that of A286 in hydrogen was near to that in air. It was discussed that the cycle life increased with decreasing pressure or UTS in hydrogen. This behavior was due to that KIH increased or fatigue crack growth (FCG) decreased with decreasing pressure or UTS. The cycle life data of the model materials under the conditions of the pressure, UTS, KIH, FCG and regulations in both hydrogen and air were proposed quantitatively for materials selection for high-pressure hydrogen storage.

High Active Hydrogen Storage Alloy Mg2NiH4 and Mg2Ni Synthesized at Temperatures Lower than 733 K

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Liu ◽  
Li Quan Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Alloy ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Active Hydrogen ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Alloys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Hydrogen storage alloys Mg2Ni and Mg2NiH4 were synthesized at below 733 K by the process HCS. The product was examined by X-Ray diffraction and hydriding / dehydriding dynamics was tested. The result reveals that (1) High pure products of Mg2Ni and Mg2NiH4 can be obtained even at temperature 673 K and 0.1 MPa argon and 1.0 MPa hydrogen, respectively; (2) Both products are high active absorbing hydrogen > 3.2 mass % at 603 K without activation process. The result is very attractive due to the low temperature and pressure for the production of hydrogen storage alloys.

Hydrogen Storage in Small Size Hollow Microspheres

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1395-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Wen Zhang ◽  
Su Fen Chen ◽  
Yi Yang Liu ◽  
Lin Su ◽  
Mei Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Hoop Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hollow Microspheres ◽  
Hydrogen Mass ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Hollow microspheres with less than 1 millimeter in diameter and several micrometers in wall thickness are attractive for hydrogen storage and transportation. The hollow microspheres can be made by drop tower technique, microencapsulation and vapor deposition methods. By immersion in high pressure hydrogen for a period of time at elevated temperature, the hollow microspheres can be filed with hydrogen gas at pressures up to one hundred MPa. The hydrogen mass fraction can be varied from 1% to 10% for hollow microspheres with different membrane hoop stress at failure.

Property Changes of Some Hydrogen Storage Alloys upon Hydrogen Absorption-Desorption Cycling

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 2509-2512
Author(s):  
Choong-N. Park ◽  
Sung-W. Cho ◽  
Jeon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Plateau Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Pressure Cycling ◽  
Property Changes ◽  
Cyclic Degradation ◽  
Lani5 Alloy ◽  
Storage Properties

Hydrogen absorption-desorption cycling induced by pressure change in a closed system were carried out with LaNi5, La0.7Ce0.3Ni4Cu and TiFe0.9Ni0.1 alloys. PC isotherms measured during the cycling showed some changes in hydrogen storage capacity, plateau pressure and hysteresis of the alloys. . The half capacity life of LaNi5 alloy can be projected as 70,000 cycles for room temperature pressure cycling. When La0.7Ce0.3Ni4Cu alloy was pressure cycled both of the plateau pressures were decreased significantly and continuously. TiFe0.9Ni0.1 alloy showed a good resistance to cyclic degradation. Heat treatments of the degraded alloys under 1 atm of hydrogen gas recovered most of the hydrogen storage properties to the initial level even though they were degraded again more rapidly upon subsequent cycling.

Materials Safety for Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement of Metals in High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage for Fuel Cell Vehicles

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhang ◽  
M. Wen ◽  
Z. Y. Li ◽  
J. Y. Zheng ◽  
X. X. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Materials Testing ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicles ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Materials safety and selection for the application of metals in high-pressure hydrogen storage of fuel cell vehicles were introduced based on the hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE) examinations using the materials testing equipment. Testing steps are as follows; the 1st step is the tensile test in high-pressure hydrogen by slow strain rate technique to evaluate the effect of hydrogen and divide the materials into five categories based on stress-strain curves. The materials of type III, IV and V are picked up and their yield points and ultimate tensile strengths are collected. The 2nd step is the fracture mechanics test to obtain KICs and KIHs of type III, IV and V materials. The materials of type IV and V are considered to be applicable as usual. The 3rd step is the crack growth test to obtain the fatigue crack growth data. A special consideration of HGE is taken for the design of the equipment with limited operation period or cycles for the materials of type III. The issue of the Kth’s reproducibility remains unresolved, which calls another testing method and design concept. Candidate materials are then nominated following the procedure of materials selection.

scholarly journals Effect of Mischmetal Introduction on Hydrogen Storage Properties in Impure Hydrogen Gas of Ti-Fe-Mn-Co Alloys

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1574
Author(s):  
Ruochen Shen ◽  
Chaohui Pu ◽  
Xiaoou Xu ◽  
Youpeng Xu ◽  
Zhilin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Capacity ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Properties ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Performance ◽  
Co Alloys ◽  
Storage Properties

The research aims to study the effect of adding mischmetal (Mm) to the TiFe0.86Mn0.07Co0.07 alloy on its hydrogen storage performance and cyclic stability. The results show that TiFe0.86Mn0.07Co0.07 + x% Mm (x = 0,4,6,8) alloys can be easily activated. The hydrogen absorption capacity of TiFe0.86Mn0.07Co0.07 + 4% Mm reaches 1.76 wt% (mass fraction) at 298 K. With the increase of Mm addition, the hydrogen storage capacity decreases slightly. Furthermore, after 40 absorption and desorption cycles in hydrogen containing 250 ppm O2, the alloy still has 36% of its initial hydrogen storage capacity, and the alloy can recover 93% of its hydrogen storage capacity through heat treatment.

The Actual Operation of Multiple Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage Tanks in Totalized Hydrogen Energy Utilization System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Kawakami ◽  
Masao Masuda ◽  
Tetsuhiko Maeda ◽  
Akihiro Nakano ◽  
Manabu Tange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Model Case ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Hydride Hydrogen ◽  
Load Leveling

As a method for simultaneously increasing efficiency of energy use and stability of energy supply in commercial buildings, we have proposed Totalized Hydrogen Energy Utilization System (THEUS) that uses hydrogen as a high potential for energy carrier. The hydrogen storage method used by this system adopts metal hydride that excels in volumetric storage density. In this paper, as the model case for electric power load leveling operation, the optimum design and optimum operation method for multiple metal hydride tanks are described with a mathematical model which can simulate operation of the metal hydride tank and experimental equipment. As a result, the combination of tank specifications and operating conditions that produce the effective simultaneous utilization of 1) hydrogen, 2) metal hydride and 3) heat are identified. Furthermore, an operating method to make the most of the metal hydride tank flexibility with respect to tank selection is determined.

A Cell Based Approach to Determine the Minimum Weight of Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage Devices

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mohan ◽  
M. P. Maiya ◽  
S. Srinivasa Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Total System ◽  
Storage Devices

Determination of the minimum total weight is the main criterion in the design of a solid state hydrogen storage device for mobile or portable applications. The design should address additional requirements such as storage capacity, charge/discharge rates, space constraints, coolant temperature and hydrogen supply pressure. The typical metal hydride based storage device studied here consists of several filters to distribute hydrogen gas, and heat exchanger tubes to cool or heat the hydride bed based on whether hydrogen is absorbed or desorbed. The total weight of the system includes hydrogen storage material, heat exchanger tubes and associated heat transfer media, porous sintered filters and the cylindrical outer container. Systematic simulation of the heat and mass transfer during hydrogen sorption has been carried out for different feasible configurations. LaNi5 is used as the representative hydriding alloy in the device as its sorption performance is limited by heat transfer in the bed. The effect of geometric parameters on total system weight and charging time are plotted at specified operating conditions. These plots are used for the design of hydrogen storage devices with minimum system weight satisfying the imposed constraints.

Experimental Studies on Discharge Characteristics of the Typical Thermally-Activated Pressure Relief Device Used for High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage Cylinder in Different Fire Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Bo ◽  
Jinyang Zheng ◽  
Chunlin Gu ◽  
Baodi Zhao ◽  
Qianghua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Glass Bulb ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Abstract Thermally-activated pressure relief devices (TPRD) with glass bulbs or fusible alloy are applied to high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders (HHSC), in order to release hydrogen gas from the cylinder in fire accidents. In this paper, cylinders with different TPRDs were tested in two groups using different bonfire test methods. In group A, the fire was set exactly under the TPRD. While in group B, the fire was set 80 mm beside the TPRD. The result shows that TPRDs with glass bulb and fusible alloy acted in a similar way when the fire was under the cylinder and the TPRD. However, they acted in a quite different way when the fire was only under the cylinder and beside the TPRD. In group A, hydrogen was released continuously from TPRD both for glass bulb and fusible alloy. In group B, hydrogen was released continuously from the TPRD using glass bulb which was similar to the group A. However, for TPRDs using a fusible alloy, hydrogen was released in several stages taking much more time. The results are instructive for the design and selection of TPRDs on HHSC.

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