Second outbreak of Trichinella pseudospiralis in Europe: clinical patterns, epidemiological investigation and identification of the etiological agent based on the western blot patterns of the patients' serum

Quality Control Assessment of Canadian Laboratories Testing for Lyme Disease

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/1991/128961 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-45

Author(s):

Harvey Artsob ◽

Maxwell Garvie

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Quality Control ◽

Lyme Disease ◽

Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽

Western Blot ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Immunofluorescent Assay ◽

Satisfactory Performance ◽

Endemic Areas ◽

Negative Controls

In June 1990 a quality control assessment was undertaken of Canadian public health laboratories testing for antibodies toBorrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of Lyme disease. Twenty sera were distributed to nine laboratories, including 12 obtained from patients in Lyme endemic areas and presumed to be serological positives, and eight prescreened negative controls. Seventeen serological reports were submitted, comprising nine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa), six immunofluorescent assays and two Western blot assessments. Antibodies were detected in 11 of the 12 sera which had been presumed to be positive. Assuming 11 positive sera had been submitted, the test sensitivities varied from 88.9 to 100% byelisa, and 54.5 to 90.1% by immunofluorescent assay. Specificities were 100% for all but oneelisaand one immunofluorescent assay assessment. The results indicate a satisfactory performance byelisabut a need for upgrading or replacement of some immunofluorescent assay tests.

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Differentiation of Trichinella species (Trichinella spiralis/Trichinella britovi versus Trichinella pseudospiralis) using western blot

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-018-3244-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maria Angeles Gómez-Morales ◽

Alessandra Ludovisi ◽

Marco Amati ◽

Simona Cherchi ◽

Daniele Tonanzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Trichinella Spiralis ◽

Trichinella Britovi ◽

Trichinella Pseudospiralis

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Serological Differentiation of Murine Typhus and Epidemic Typhus Using Cross-Adsorption and Western Blotting

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.7.4.612-616.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 612-616 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Bernard La Scola ◽

Lena Rydkina ◽

Jean-Bosco Ndihokubwayo ◽

Sirkka Vene ◽

Didier Raoult

Keyword(s):

Western Blot ◽

Western Blotting ◽

Fluorescent Antibody ◽

Immunoglobulin M ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Murine Typhus ◽

Heterologous Antigen ◽

Adsorption Studies ◽

Homologous Antigen ◽

Epidemic Typhus

ABSTRACT Differentiation of murine typhus due to Rickettsia typhi and epidemic typhus due to Rickettsia prowazekii is critical epidemiologically but difficult serologically. Using serological, epidemiological, and clinical criteria, we selected sera from 264 patients with epidemic typhus and from 44 patients with murine typhus among the 29,188 tested sera in our bank. These sera cross-reacted extensively in indirect fluorescent antibody assays (IFAs) against R. typhi and R. prowazekii, as 42% of the sera from patients with epidemic typhus and 34% of the sera from patients with murine typhus exhibited immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or IgG titers against the homologous antigen (R. prowazekii and R. typhi, respectively) that were more than one dilution higher than those against the heterologous antigen. Serum cross-adsorption studies and Western blotting were performed on sera from 12 selected patients, 5 with murine typhus, 5 with epidemic typhus, and 2 suffering from typhus of undetermined etiology. Differences in IFA titers against R. typhi andR. prowazekii allowed the identification of the etiological agent in 8 of 12 patients. Western blot studies enabled the identification of the etiological agent in six patients. When the results of IFA and Western blot studies were considered in combination, identification of the etiological agent was possible for 10 of 12 patients. Serum cross-adsorption studies enabled the differentiation of the etiological agent in all patients. Our study indicates that when used together, Western blotting and IFA are useful serological tools to differentiate between R. prowazekii and R. typhi exposures. While a cross-adsorption study is the definitive technique to differentiate between infections with these agents, it was necessary in only 2 of 12 cases (16.7%), and the high costs of such a study limit its use.

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Total etch dentin bonding systems: scanning electron microscopy of the resin-dentin hybrid layer

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100130092 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1092-1093

Author(s):

Jorge Perdigao

Keyword(s):

Composite Resin ◽

Mechanical Interlocking ◽

Hybrid Layer ◽

Agent Based ◽

Dentin Bonding ◽

Acid Agent ◽

Bond Strengths ◽

Main Component ◽

Bonding Systems ◽

New Generation

In 1955, Buonocore introduced the etching of enamel with phosphoric acid. Bonding to enamel was created by mechanical interlocking of resin tags with enamel prisms. Enamel is an inert tissue whose main component is hydroxyapatite (98% by weight). Conversely, dentin is a wet living tissue crossed by tubules containing cellular extensions of the dental pulp. Dentin consists of 18% of organic material, primarily collagen. Several generations of dentin bonding systems (DBS) have been studied in the last 20 years. The dentin bond strengths associated with these DBS have been constantly lower than the enamel bond strengths. Recently, a new generation of DBS has been described. They are applied in three steps: an acid agent on enamel and dentin (total etch technique), two mixed primers and a bonding agent based on a methacrylate resin. They are supposed to bond composite resin to wet dentin through dentin organic component, forming a peculiar blended structure that is part tooth and part resin: the hybrid layer.

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