Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in keloid tissues and TGF-β1-induced hair follicle outer root sheath keratinocytes

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yan ◽  
Rui Cao ◽  
Lianzhao Wang ◽  
Yuanbo Liu ◽  
Bo Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Outer Root Sheath Keratinocytes ◽  
Tgf Β1

scholarly journals αvβ3 Integrin induces partial EMT independent of TGF-β signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Kariya ◽  
Midori Oyama ◽  
Takato Suzuki ◽  
Yukiko Kariya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Cell Surface Expression ◽  
Αvβ3 Integrin ◽  
Poor Survival ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Intermediate States ◽  
Tgf Β1

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role for tumor progression. Recent studies have revealed the existence of distinct intermediate states in EMT (partial EMT); however, the mechanisms underlying partial EMT are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that αvβ3 integrin induces partial EMT, which is characterized by acquiring mesenchymal phenotypes while retaining epithelial markers. We found αvβ3 integrin to be associated with poor survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Moreover, αvβ3 integrin-induced partial EMT promoted migration, invasion, tumorigenesis, stemness, and metastasis of lung cancer cells in a TGF-β-independent fashion. Additionally, TGF-β1 promoted EMT progression synergistically with αvβ3 integrin, while a TGF-β signaling inhibitor showed no effect on αvβ3 integrin-induced partial EMT. Meanwhile, the microRNA-200 family abolished the αvβ3 integrin-induced partial EMT by suppressing αvβ3 integrin cell surface expression. These findings indicate that αvβ3 integrin is a key inducer of partial EMT, and highlight a new mechanism for cancer progression.

A Selectable Biomarker in Hair Follicle Cycles – Cathepsins: A Preliminary Study in Murine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jingzhu Bai ◽  
Zijian Gong ◽  
Qingfang Xu ◽  
Haiyan Chen ◽  
Qiaoping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Paraffin Method

<b><i>Background/Objective:</i></b> Hair cycle is regulated by many biological factors. Cathepsins are involved in various physiological processes in human skin. Here, we investigated the cathepsin expression and distribution changes in follicular growth cycles for better understanding the hair cycles and to explore new intervention measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 24 mice (C57BL/6, female, 7-week old) were selected and removed the back hair via rosin/paraffin method. At Day 8, Day 20, and Day 25, biopsy on post-plucking area was done. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blot, and Q-PCR were used to test the cathepsin B/D/L/E. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In anagen, cathepsins (B, D, L, and E) were distributed in the hair follicle matrix, inner hair root sheath, and hair. In catagen, cathepsins were mainly observed in un-apoptosis inner root sheath and outer root sheath. Expression of cathepsins B-mRNA and L-mRNA was decreased from anagen and catagen to telogen. Cathepsin D-mRNA was increased in catagen and then decreased in telogen. Cathepsin E-mRNA was decreased in catagen and slightly increased in telogen. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The distribution and expression of cathepsins B, D, L, and E in hair follicle changed with hair growth process which indicated that cathepsins might act as selectable biomarkers of hair cycle in different stages.

scholarly journals Long non-coding (lnc)RNA profiling and the role of a key regulator lnc-PNRC2-1 in the transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition of CNE1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199651
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Enzi Feng ◽  
Yanxin Ren ◽  
Shun Qiu ◽  
Liufang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Emt Markers ◽  
Tgf Β1

Objectives To identify key long non-coding (lnc)RNAs responsible for the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CNE1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and to investigate possible regulatory mechanisms in EMT. Methods CNE1 cells were divided into transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced EMT and control groups. The mRNA and protein expression of EMT markers was determined by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were identified by RNA sequencing analysis, and DEG functions were analyzed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. EMT marker expression was re-evaluated by western blotting after knockdown of a selected lncRNA. Results TGF-β1-induced EMT was characterized by decreased E-cadherin and increased vimentin, N-cadherin, and Twist expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Sixty lncRNA genes were clustered in a heatmap, and mRNA expression of 14 dysregulated lncRNAs was consistent with RNA sequencing. Knockdown of lnc-PNRC2-1 increased expression of its antisense gene MYOM3 and reduced expression of EMT markers, resembling treatment with the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor LY2109761. Conclusion Various lncRNAs participated indirectly in the TGF-β1-induced EMT of CNE1 cells. Lnc-PNRC2-1 may be a key regulator of this and is a potential target to alleviate CNE1 cell EMT.

scholarly journals Effects of Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamides Targeting Human TGF-β1 on the Malignant Phenotypes of Liver Cancer Cells

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Takagi ◽  
Yutaka Midorikawa ◽  
Tadatoshi Takayama ◽  
Hayato Abe ◽  
Kyoko Fujiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Liver Cancer Cells ◽  
Tgf Β1

Synthetic pyrrole-imidazole (PI) polyamides bind to the minor groove of double-helical DNA with high affinity and specificity, and inhibit the transcription of corresponding genes. In liver cancer, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression is correlated with tumor grade, and high-grade liver cancer tissues express epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. TGF-β1 was reported to be involved in cancer development by transforming precancer cells to cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TGF-β1-targeting PI polyamide on the growth of liver cancer cells and CSCs and their TGF-β1 expression. We analyzed TGF-β1 expression level after the administration of GB1101, a PI polyamide that targets human TGF-β1 promoter, and examined its effects on cell proliferation, invasiveness, and TGF-β1 mRNA expression level. GB1101 treatment dose-dependently decreased TGF-β1 mRNA levels in HepG2 and HLF cells, and inhibited HepG2 colony formation associated with downregulation of TGF-β1 mRNA. Although GB1101 did not substantially inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells compared to untreated control cells, GB1101 significantly suppressed the invasion of HLF cells, which displayed high expression of CD44, a marker for CSCs. Furthermore, GB1101 significantly inhibited HLF cell sphere formation by inhibiting TGF-β1 expression, in addition to suppressing the proliferation of HLE and HLF cells. Taken together, GB1101 reduced TGF-β1 expression in liver cancer cells and suppressed cell invasion; therefore, GB1101 is a novel candidate drug for the treatment of liver cancer.

The nutritional biochemistry of wool and hair follicles

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.I. Hynd
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Fibre Growth

AbstractThe rôle of various classes of nutrients (energy substrates, vitamins, minerals, amino acids) in the production of wool and hair from follicles, is considered for a variety of animal species. The wool and hair follicle have evolved a number of interesting features of carbohydrate metabolism including glutaminolysis, aerobic glycolysis, significant activity of the pentose phosphate pathway, and storage and mobilisation of glycogen. Presumably the necessity to continue to produce fibre despite fluctuations in the supply of oxygen and nutrients has resulted in some of these unique features, while others reflect the high level of DNA and protein synthesis occurring in the follicle. While it is considered that energy does not normally limit fibre growth, the relative contributions of aerobic and anerobic metabolism will greatly influence the amount of ATP available for follicle activity, such that energy availability may at times alter fibre growth. Alopecia and deficient fibre growth are consistent outcomes of deficiencies of biotin, riboflavin, pyridoxine, folate and pantothenic acid, but the precise rôles of these vitamins in follicle function await elucidation. Folate, in particular appears to play an important rôle in wool production, presumably reflecting its involvement in methionine metabolism. Cholecalciferol (vitamin D) significantly alters fibre growth in cultured follicles; vitamin D receptors are located in the outer root sheath, bulb, and dermal papilla of the follicle; and alopecia occurs in humans with defects in the vitamin D receptor. Retinol (vitamin A), too, appears to influence follicle function by altering keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, with direct effects on the expression of keratin genes. The receptors for the retinoids are present in the keratogenous zone, the outer root sheath, the bulb, and the sebaceous glands. Vitamin A may also act indirectly on follicle function by influencing the activity of the insulin-like and epidermal growth factors and by altering vitamin D activity. At present there is little evidence implicating alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) or phytylmenaquinone (vitamin K) in follicular events. Of the minerals, only copper and zinc have been shown to have direct effects on follicle function, independent of effects on food intake. Copper has direct effects on the activity of an unidentified enzyme on oxidation of thiol groups to form disulphide linkages. Wool produced by copper-deficient sheep lacks crimp, is weak and lustrous. Copper is also necessary for the activity of tyrosinase and the tyrosinase-related proteins involved in melanin synthesis. Zinc, like copper, is required for the normal keratinization of fibres but again, the precise rôle has yet to be elucidated. While the importance of amino acid supply for wool growth has long been established, there are still some unaswered questions such as; what are the effects of amino acids on fibre growth in animals other than sheep; what are the characteristics of the amino acid transport genes and proteins operating in the wool and hair follicle; and what are the specific rôles for amino acids in follicle function.

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