PREVALENCE OF ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF THE SIXTH CERVICAL VERTEBRA AND ASSOCIATION WITH VERTEBRAL CANAL STENOSIS AND ARTICULAR PROCESS OSTEOARTHRITIS IN THE HORSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony DeRouen ◽  
Mathieu Spriet ◽  
Monica Aleman
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Articular Process

scholarly journals Thoracic vertebral canal stenosis due to articular process hypertrophy in two cats treated by hemilaminectomy with partial osteotomy of the spinous process

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691986317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Enrica Carletti ◽  
Irene Espadas ◽  
Daniel Sanchez-Masian
Keyword(s):  
Spinous Process ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Urinary Continence ◽  
Spinal Diseases ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Articular Process ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome ◽  
Postural Reaction

Case summary A 9-year-old neutered female British Shorthair cat (case 1) and a 13-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat (case 2) showed signs of chronic T3–L3 myelopathy, which progressed over 6 and 12 months, respectively. On presentation, case 1 had moderate pelvic limb proprioceptive ataxia and ambulatory paraparesis, and case 2 was non-ambulatory paraparetic and had urinary incontinence. Bilateral enlargement of the articular process joints at T11–T12 in case 1 and T3–T4 in case 2 causing dorsolateral extradural spinal cord compression was shown on MRI. Surgical decompression by a unilateral approach through hemilaminectomy with partial osteotomy of the spinous process was performed in both cases. The side of the approach was chosen based on the severity of the cord compression. Surgery resulted in a satisfactory outcome with short hospitalisation times. On discharge, case 1 showed mild postural reaction deficits on both pelvic limbs. Case 2 had regained urinary continence and could ambulate unassisted, although it remained severely ataxic. The 6 month follow-up showed very mild paraparesis and proprioceptive ataxia in both cats. No chronic medical treatment was required. Relevance and novel information This is the first report to describe clinical presentation, imaging features, surgical treatment and outcomes of thoracic vertebral canal stenosis owing to bilateral articular process hypertrophy in cats with no adjacent spinal diseases. Thoracic articular process hypertrophy should be included in the differential diagnosis of adult cats with chronic progressive myelopathy. Hemilaminectomy with partial osteotomy of the spinous process might be an appropriate surgical technique in these cases.

scholarly journals Calcium Phosphate Deposition Disease in Great Danes

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Woodard ◽  
R. P. Shields ◽  
H. C. Aldrich ◽  
R. L. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate ◽  
Appendicular Skeleton ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Seventh Cervical Vertebra

A new clinicopathologic syndrome, possibly familial, in Great Dane dogs, resembles the familial childhood variant of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposit disease in man, except that the mineral deposits were composed of amorphous calcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite rather than pyrophosphate. The syndrome was characterized clinically by paraplegia and incoordination in very young puppies which was caused by concentric constriction of the posterior cervical spinal cord. Canal stenosis resulted from dorsal displacement of the seventh cervical vertebra and deformation of the vertebral articular processes. Mineral deposition in the diarthrodial joints of the axial skeleton could be seen on radiographs of weanling puppies, and the appendicular skeleton became involved as the dogs matured. Periarticular mineralization of the limbs was associated with shorter bones, a thin cortex, abnormal bone curvature, and increased medullary trabeculae. Bone alterations were associated with abnormalities of the growth plate, which had focal areas of cartilage calcification. Soft tissue mineralization, seen in all dogs, was a primary feature of the disease process. Serum calcium concentrations were within the normal range, but serum phosphorus concentrations were decreased.

Radiographic findings and anatomical variations of the caudal cervical area in horses with neck pain and ataxia: case–control study on 116 horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (9) ◽  
pp. e79-e79
Author(s):  
Francesca Beccati ◽  
Marco Pepe ◽  
Isabella Santinelli ◽  
Rodolfo Gialletti ◽  
Antonio Di Meo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Articular Process ◽  
Group A ◽  
Osteochondral Fragment ◽  
Cervical Area

BackgroundAbnormalities of the ventral lamina of the sixth cervical vertebra (AVL-C6) are thought to exert abnormal stress on the articular process joints (APJs) of the cervicothoracic junction. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between AVL-C6 and radiographic findings in the caudal cervical area and between clinical signs of neck pain and ataxia and radiographic findings.MethodsMedical records of horses subjected to cervical radiography were reviewed. Horses were classified into those with neck pain (group C), those with ataxia (group A) and healthy horses (group H). Presence of AVL-C6 and increased size, dysplasia, remodelling, fragmentation and osteochondral fragment at the APJs (C5–T1) were recorded. Univariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the associations between explanatory and dependent variables. Variables with P<0.2 were included in the multivariable analysis.ResultsOne hundred and sixteen horses were included (44 in group C, 29 in group A, 66 in group H); 24 of 116 horses had radiographic AVL-C6. Age, AVL-C6 and overall/C6–C7 increase in size remained in the final models.ConclusionsThe presence of AVL-C6 and moderate/severe increase in size of the caudal cervical APJs increase the odds of showing neck pain and, if severe, ataxia.

Cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis in three juvenile large-breed brachycephalic dogs treated by unilateral hemilaminectomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Marchevsky ◽  
Amanda Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Independent Ambulation

SummaryObjective: To describe the surgical treatment and outcome for juvenile dogs with cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis treated by unilateral hemilaminectomy.Study design: Case series.Animals: Three large-breed brachycephalic dogs of various breeds (Dogue de Bordeaux, Australian Bulldog, Boerboel) with neurological signs consistent with a myelopathy of the third thoracic (T) to third lumbar (L) spinal cord segment.Methods: Information on clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging, surgical procedures, postoperative complications, recovery and outcome is described.Results: Neurological signs were present and progressive for two to four weeks prior to surgery and ranged from mild ataxia to paralysis. Cranial thoracic vertebral canal stenosis was diagnosed with computed tomography imaging. Lateral and dorsolateral spinal cord compression was present at multiple sites between T2 and T6. Alternating left and right-sided compressions were common. Surgical treatment was by unilateral, continuous hemilaminectomy over three to six vertebral spaces. Postoperative morbidity was minimal and return of independent ambulation was rapid (median: 13.5 days, range: 2–29 days). Neurological status in one dog worsened four months after surgery due to reoccurrence of osseous compression; unilateral hemilaminectomy was repeated in this dog. Long-term follow-up ranged from six to 10 months; neurological signs had completely resolved in one dog and substantially improved in the other two dogs.Clinical significance: Unilateral hemilaminectomy was associated with rapid return of independent ambulation and substantial improvement in neurological scores.

scholarly journals Thoracic vertebral canal stenosis in cats: clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment and outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199
Author(s):  
Sabrina Gillespie ◽  
Steven De Decker
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Veterinary Surgeons ◽  
Initial Improvement ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
And Control

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features, diagnostic imaging findings, treatment and outcome in cats with thoracic vertebral canal stenosis (TVCS). Methods Medical records and imaging studies of cats with TVCS were retrospectively reviewed. Outcome was acquired from patient records and from owners or referring veterinary surgeons via a telephone questionnaire. For each case, breed-, age- and sex-matched controls were identified with CT imaging of the thoracic vertebral column. For each cat, vertebral canal height was determined at three levels for each thoracic vertebra. Vertebral canal heights were compared between control cats of different breeds and between affected and control cats of the same breed. Results Nine TVCS cases were included. British Shorthairs and male neutered cats were over-represented ( P <0.05). Median age at presentation was 9 years. All cats were presented for a chronic, progressive, painful, ambulatory, T3–L3 myelopathy. Five cats were treated conservatively, three surgically and one was euthanased. Two cats treated surgically demonstrated improvement of clinical signs and one demonstrated initial improvement followed by deterioration. Of the conservatively treated cats, three deteriorated and two improved. Compared with controls, affected cats had a lower vertebral canal height at multiple thoracic vertebral levels, being most prominent for British Shorthairs and domestic shorthairs ( P <0.05). Unaffected British Shorthairs had a lower thoracic vertebral canal height at multiple levels than control domestic shorthairs ( P <0.05). Conclusions and relevance TVCS should be considered a differential diagnosis in middle-aged to older cats presenting with a chronic, progressive, painful, T3–L3 myelopathy. The predisposition of British Shorthairs could be explained by a narrower vertebral canal in this breed.

scholarly journals LATE DIAGNOSIS OF MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE IV (MAROTEAUX–LAMY SYNDROME)

2017 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
L. K. Mikhailova ◽  
O. A. Polyakova ◽  
E. Yu. Zakharova ◽  
E. Yu. Voskoboeva ◽  
A. A. Kuleshov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Vertebral Canal ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Spastic Tetraparesis

Peculiarities of the clinical manifestation of mucopolysaccharidosis type IV diagnosed at the age of 30 years only are presented. In spite of favorable disease course after the age of 30 years combined vertebral canal stenosis more marked at C0-C1 level, cervical myelopathy and spastic tetraparesis that required surgical intervention. Special attention was paid to the genetic aspects of diagnosis and potential causes of delayed disease development. 

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