COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC, RADIOGRAPHIC, AND ENDOSCOPIC TRACHEAL DIMENSIONS IN ENGLISH BULLDOGS WITH GRADE 1 CLINICAL SIGNS OF BRACHYCEPHALIC AIRWAY SYNDROME

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Kaye ◽  
Susanne A. E. B. Boroffka ◽  
Annika N. Haagsman ◽  
Gert Ter Haar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Computed Tomographic

Computed tomographic findings in 205 dogs with clinical signs compatible with middle ear disease: a retrospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-e20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Belmudes ◽  
Charline Pressanti ◽  
Paul Y. Barthez ◽  
Eloy Castilla-Castaño ◽  
Lionel Fabries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Middle Ear Disease

Complete Temporal Lobectomy for Surgical Resuscitation of Patients with Transtentorial Herniation Secondary to Unilateral Hemispheric Swelling

Neurosurgery ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric S. Nussbaum ◽  
Aizik L. Wolf ◽  
Leslie Sebring ◽  
Stuart Mirvis
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Transtentorial Herniation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Scale Scores

Abstract Transtentorial herniation is an ominous finding in the patient with head injuries. We report our experience with 10 patients suffering from acute transtentorial herniation secondary to posttraumatic unilateral hemispheric swelling who were treated aggressively with temporal lobectomy. Eight patients were men and 2 were women. Their ages ranged from 22 to 61 years, with a mean of 37 years. Their preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale scores ranged from 3 to 6, with a mean of 4. All patients had both computed tomographic and clinical evidence of unilateral hemispheric shift and acute herniation without a significant subdural or epidural hematoma. Seven patients had unilateral nonreactive pupils and 3 had bilateral nonreactive pupils. All were taken to the operating room within 2 hours of clinical signs of herniation. Complete unilateral temporal lobectomies including the mesial structures, amygdala, and uncus were performed. In this series, the mortality rate was 30%, including a single patient who was neurologically stable but died from nonneurological injuries. Of the 7 survivors, 4 were functionally independent and 3 required minimal assistance with the activities of daily living. Aggressive, early decompression via complete temporal lobectomy may thus significantly improve the outcome in patients with transtentorial herniation accompanying posttraumatic hemispheric swelling and midline shift. (Neurosurgery 29:62-66, 1991)

Constrictive Bronchiolitis Obliterans in a Dog

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey Lynn Wylie ◽  
Daniel Langlois ◽  
Stephan Carey ◽  
Nathan C. Nelson ◽  
Kurt J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Bronchiolitis Obliterans ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Histopathologic Examination ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Airway Lumen ◽  
Alveolar Collapse ◽  
Airway Pathology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lung Lobes

ABSTRACTA 2 yr old, neutered male rottweiler was evaluated for a chronic cough that had acutely worsened. Computed tomographic examination revealed a diffuse alveolar pattern in the right, middle, and left cranial lung lobes. Aerated parenchymal tissue was not observed in the left cranial lung lobe, and both lobes were markedly decreased in volume. Lobectomy of the right middle and left cranial lung lobes was performed. Histopathologic examination of both lungs identified alveolar collapse associated with marked chronic bronchial and bronchiolar luminal concentric fibrosis leading to reduced airway lumen diameter and bronchiolar destruction. The clinical signs and airway pathology were consistent with constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans. The dog remained stable for over 2 yr with glucocorticoid therapy and intermittent antimicrobics. Although the polypoid form of bronchiolitis obliterans has been described in cattle and occasionally in dogs, constrictive bronchiolitis obliterans has not been reported previously in veterinary species.

Surgical treatment of a vertebral fracture associated with a haematogenous osteomyelitis in a dog

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Moissonnier ◽  
J. Cabassu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pathologic Fracture ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
Haematogenous Osteomyelitis

SummaryA seven-month-old Rottweiler was referred for a diagnosed femoral neck fracture and a suspected vertebral fracture. The simplified neurological examination revealed an acute paraplegia. A discospondyilitis associated with a pathologic fracture of Th11 and a spinal compression, and a haematogenous epiphysitis of the femoral neck were diagnosed based on radiographic and computed tomographic examinations. The vertebral fracture was stabilised using screws and polymethylmetacrylate with gentamycin by a lateral intercostal approach. The dog was able to walk seven days later. A femoral head and neck ostectomy was performed two weeks later. Staphylococcus intermedius was isolated from both sites, which confirmed the diagnosis. The dog was treated with cephalexin (30 mg/kg/d) for six weeks. A telephone interview with owners indicated that no more clinical signs were present four months after the second surgery. Discospondylitis associated with haematogenous osteomyelitis has only been reported in two cases. Paraplegia is an unusual clinical presentation for discospondylitis. The lateral approach (which allowed a direct access to the infected site) and the technique (screws associated with antibiotic-impregnated cement) are unique for surgical treatment of discospondylitis. Although applying cement to an infected area may pose a risk, antibiotic-loaded cement is successfully used in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in humans.

Unilateral synostosis of the zygomaticotemporal suture associated with mandibular coronoid process impingement in a dog

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fraga-Manteiga ◽  
T. Schwarz ◽  
D. N. Clements ◽  
J. M. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Coronoid Process ◽  
Open Mouth ◽  
Computed Tomographic

SummaryA 13-month-old dog was investigated for the complaint of open-mouth locked jaw. There were not any previous episodes of trauma witnessed. Computed tomographic evaluation revealed unilateral zygomaticotemporal synostosis and associated craniofacial asymmetry, with impingement of the mandibular coronoid process resulting in unilateral temporomandibular joint subluxation. Closed reduction of the subluxation was not maintained. Partial zygomaticotemporal suturectomy resulted in resolution of the clinical signs. To the author's knowledge, isolated zygomaticotemporal synostosis with associated temporomandibular subluxation has not been reported in the dog.

scholarly journals Discospondylitis in a cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Евгений Кемельман ◽  
Evgeniy Kemel'man ◽  
Артем Корешков ◽  
Artem Koreshkov ◽  
Максим Лапшин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
One Year

Discospondylitis is uncommon in cats. We describe a cat with discospondylitis of the L2-3 intervertebral disc. Radiographic, computed tomographic, magnetic resonance and histological findings are presented. Cultures of blood and bone yielded no growth. Urine and spinal fluid cultures were not carried out. Corpectomy was performed, the cat was successfully treated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Clinical signs resolved completely; the patient was observed for one year after the surgery.

scholarly journals Reversibility of clinical and computed tomographic lesions mimicking pulmonary fibrosis in a young cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Stavri ◽  
Isabelle Masseau ◽  
Carol R. Reinero
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Architectural Distortion ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Thoracic Ct ◽  
Fibrotic Lung Disease ◽  
Ct Features

Abstract Background In humans with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), specific thoracic computed tomographic (CT) features in the correct clinical context may be used in lieu of histologic examination. Cats develop an IPF-like condition with similar features to humans. As few cats have invasive lung biopsies, CT has appeal as a surrogate diagnostic, showing features consistent with architectural remodeling supporting “end-stage lung”. Case presentation A 1-year-old female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat presenting with progressive respiratory clinical signs and thoracic CT changes (reticular pattern, parenchymal bands, subpleural interstitial thickening, pleural fissure thickening, subpleural lines and regions of increased attenuation with traction bronchiectasis and architectural distortion) consistent with reports of IPF was given a grave prognosis for long-term survival. The cat was treated with prednisolone, fenbendazole, pradofloxacin and clindamycin. Five months later, while still receiving an anti-inflammatory dose of prednisolone, the cat was re-evaluated with owner-reported absent respiratory clinical signs. Thoracic CT demonstrated resolution of lung patterns consistent with fibrosis. Conclusions Fibrotic lung disease is irreversible. Despite this cat having compatible progressive respiratory signs and associated lung patterns on thoracic CT scan, these abnormalities resolved with non-specific therapy and time, negating the possibility of IPF. While the cause of the distinct CT lesions that ultimately resolved was not determined, infection was suspected. Experimental Toxocara cati infection shows overlapping CT features as this cat and is considered a treatable disease. Improvement of CT lesions months after experimental heartworm-associated respiratory disease in cats has been documented. Reversibility of lesions suggests inflammation rather than fibrosis was the cause of the thoracic CT lesions. This cat serves as a lesson that although thoracic CT has been advocated as a surrogate for histopathology in people with IPF, additional studies in cats are needed to integrate CT findings with signalment, other clinicopathologic features and therapeutic response before providing a diagnosis or prognosis of fibrotic lung disease.

Computed tomographic characterisation of vertebral osteomyelitis in a goat kid

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001015
Author(s):  
Nicole Marie Szafranski ◽  
Aude Castel ◽  
Adrien-Maxence Hespel ◽  
Vincent Dore
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Vertebral Osteomyelitis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vertebral Bodies

A one-month-old male goat kid presented with a three weeks’ history of progressive neurological deficits and progressive tetraparesis. Initial therapeutic strategy with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and selenium supplementation only partly relieved clinical signs. Digital radiographs were performed antemortem and revealed a pathological fracture of the vertebral column. A CT scan was performed immediately postmortem. The imaging revealed lysis of the vertebral bodies of T8, T9, T12 and T13 and focal narrowing of the vertebral canal consistent with infectious osteomyelitis of the thoracic vertebral column. Histopathological examination and microbiological testing confirmed a multifocal discospondylitis and vertebral osteomyelitis of mixed bacterial origin.

scholarly journals Radiographic, Computed Tomographic and Cellular Phenotypic Features of Primary Nasal Transmissible Venereal Tumors in Four Dogs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waseem Aslam ◽  
Seng Fong Lau ◽  
Puteri Azaziah Megat Abdul Rani ◽  
Ikhwan Saufi Ahamad Azahari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
Nasal Tumors ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Mixed Phenotype

Abstract Primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a rare disease, developed by allografted transmission of neoplastic cells in the nasal cavity. The disease reported quite uncommonly in free roaming dogs with social behaviour of excessive licking and vigorously sniffing the affected parts of the other dogs in an endemic community. A non-resolving chronic epistaxis and/or serosanguinous discharge from nares is a common historical complaint. Usually, cytology of the nasal discharge/epistaxis or fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of nasal tissue is sufficient for definitive diagnosis. Currently, computed tomography scan (CT-scan) is the best modality to check the invasiveness of the disease and perform modified Adams staging of canine nasal tumors. In present study, all four dogs have stage-4 nasal tumors, due to the complete or partial lysis of the cribriform plate and lymphocytoid plasmacytoid (mixed) phenotype of the neoplastic cells based on the cellularity of cytological samples. All four dogs responded well to five cycles of vincristine sulphate and recovered completely from presented clinical signs. Prognosis is good based on the findings of present study.

Computed Tomography in the Elderly 2. Senile Dementia: Diagnosis and Functional Impairment

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. Jacoby ◽  
Raymond Levy
Keyword(s):  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Ct Data

SummaryClinical, psychometric and computed tomographic (CT) data are presented on three groups of elderly subjects: 50 normals, 40 patients with senile dementia and 41 suffering from affective disorder. Demented subjects showed significantly more CT evidence of cerebral atrophy than non-demented subjects, but there was considerable overlap. Although patients with a history or clinical signs of cerebral infarction were specifically excluded, such infarcts were found more often in CT scans of the dementia subjects than in the others, particularly when the diastolic blood pressure was raised. When correlating cognitive impairment with CT changes, ventricular size emerged as more important in the dementia patients, in contrast to the controls, in whom cortical atrophy was related to lower scores on a cognitive test. Other interesting findings included an inverse relationship between cortical atrophy and paranoid delusions.

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