scholarly journals COVID‐19 convalescent plasma: Evolving strategies for serological screening in France

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Gallian ◽  
Sophie Le Cam ◽  
Nadège Brisbarre ◽  
Boris Pastorino ◽  
Abdennour Amroun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serological Screening

Serological screening for Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. antibodies in southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina from Elephant Island, Antarctica, in 2003 and 2004

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
AM Sánchez-Sarmiento ◽  
V Ruoppolo ◽  
MMC Muelbert ◽  
JS Ferreira Neto ◽  
JL Catão-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Austral Summer ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Southern Elephant Seals ◽  
Monitoring And Surveillance ◽  
Elephant Island

Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. antibodies were surveyed in 35 southern elephant seals (SESs) Mirounga leonina at Elephant Island (South Shetland Islands), western Antarctic peninsula, in the Austral summer of 2003 and 2004. The rose Bengal test and a commercial competitive ELISA (c-ELISA) were used to detect Brucella spp. exposure, and the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) with 22 live serovars was used to determine anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies. We found evidence of Brucella spp. exposure in 3 of 35 (8.6%) SESs tested via the c-ELISA displaying high percentage inhibition (PI), similar to other studies in pinnipeds in which Brucella spp. antibodies have been determined. Two of the 3 positives were pups (PI = 70.4 and 86.6%), while the third was an adult female (PI = 48.8%). The 3 c-ELISA positive SESs were additionally tested via the serum agglutination test but were found to be negative. All individuals were negative for antibodies against 22 Leptospira spp. serovars by MAT. These results contribute to the knowledge and monitoring of zoonotic pathogens with epizootic potential in Southern Ocean pinnipeds. Given the potential impact that pathogens may have on the abundance of wild (sometimes threatened and endangered) populations, constant monitoring and surveillance are required to prevent pathogen spread, particularly under forecast climate change scenarios.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM among Adults over 65 Years Old in the South of Italy

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Immacolata Polvere ◽  
Alfredina Parrella ◽  
Giovanna Casamassa ◽  
Silvia D’Andrea ◽  
Annamaria Tizzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
The South ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic

SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic betacoronavirus associated with worldwide transmission of COVID-19 disease. By the beginning of March, WHO reported about 113,820,000 confirmed cases including more than 2,527,000 deaths all over the world. However, the true extent of virus circulation or its real infection/fatality ratio is not well-estimated due to the huge portion of asymptomatic infections. In this observational study, we have estimated the prevalence of specific immunoglobulin M and G directed towards SARS-CoV-2 antigen in a cohort of 1383 adult volunteers aged over 65 years old, living in the district of Benevento, in the South of Italy. Serological screening was carried out on capillary blood in September 2020, seven months after pandemic outbreak in Italy, to evaluate virus circulation and antibody response among elderly adults, in which severe symptoms due to viral infection are more common. The overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 4.70% (CI 3.70%–5.95%) with no statistically significant differences between sexes. Among these, 69.69% (CI 55.61%–77.80%) tested positive to IgM, 23.08% (CI 14.51%–34.64%) to IgG and 9.23% (CI 4.30%–18.71%) was positive for both. All patients that were positive to IgM underwent molecular testing through RT-qPCR on oral-rhino pharyngeal swabs and only one specimen was positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Instead, the presence of IgG from screened volunteers was confirmed by re-testing serum samples using both an ELISA assay validated for in vitro diagnostic use (IVD) and a recently published synthetic peptide-based ELISA assay. In conclusion, our report suggests that (1) early restrictions were successful in limiting COVID-19 diffusion in the district of Benevento; (2) rapid serological analysis is an ideal testing for both determining real seroprevalence and massive screening, whereas detection of viral RNA remains a gold standard for identification of infected patients; (3) even among people without COVID-19 related symptoms, the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 antigens has individual features.

scholarly journals A prenatal diagnosis case of partial duplication 21q21.1-q21.2 with normal phenotype maternally inherited

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Jin ◽  
Zhiping Gu ◽  
Xiaohan Jiang ◽  
Pei Yu ◽  
Tianhui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Prenatal Testing ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray Analysis ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Partial Duplication ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Clinical Consequences

Abstract Background Down syndrome is characterized by trisomy 21 or partial duplication of chromosome 21. Extensive studies have focused on the identification of the Down Syndrome Critical Region (DSCR). We aim to provide evidence that duplication of 21q21.1-q21.2 should not be included in the DSCR and it has no clinical consequences on the phenotype. Case presentation Because serological screening was not performed at the appropriate gestational age, noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) analysis was performed for a pregnant woman with normal prenatal examinations at 22 weeks of gestation. The NIPT results revealed a 5.8 Mb maternally inherited duplication of 21q21.1-q21.2. To assess whether the fetus also carried this duplication, ultrasound-guided amniocentesis was conducted, and the result of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) with amniotic fluid showed a 6.7 Mb duplication of 21q21.1-q21.2 (ranging from position 18,981,715 to 25,707,009). This partial duplication of 21q21.1-q21.2 in the fetus was maternally inherited. After genetic counseling, the pregnant woman and her family decided to continue the pregnancy. Conclusion Our case clearly indicates that 21q21.1-q21.2 duplication is not included in the DSCR and most likely has no clinical consequences on phenotype.

Diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis using immunoblotting with plural low molecular weight antigens

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamano ◽  
A. Goto ◽  
M. Miyoshi ◽  
K. Furuya ◽  
Y. Sawada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Specific Reactions ◽  
Hospital Outpatients ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

AbstractAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is endemic to Hokkaido, Japan. For the past 20 years, detection of AE among inhabitants has involved serological screening using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by Western blotting (WB). Between the years 1987 and 2000, antigens targeted on 66, 55 and 30–35 kDa bands were routinely used in the WB step of AE diagnosis. However, since 2001 diagnosis has been dependent on three smaller molecular weight antigens (26–28, 18 and 7–8 kDa). Due to its higher sensitivity, this improved WB approach has been used as a confirmation step in the screening process and also for the testing of suspected AE cases in hospital outpatients. Using the improved WB technique, a total of 1745 serum samples were examined in 2001–2006 with 81 patients detected and registered with AE. Interestingly, sera from 76 of the 81 diagnosed AE patients (93.8%) demonstrated reactivity with all three antigens. However, sera from the remaining five patients (6.2%) demonstrated no reactivity with the 18 kDa antigen, even though they exhibited clearly detectable levels of reactivity with the 26–28 and 7–8 kDa bands. These results suggest that medical practitioners need to pay particular attention to the specific reactions to some different diagnostic antigens to minimize the risk of misdiagnosing AE patients. In turn, these results may also provide important diagnostic information for cystic echinococcosis (CE).

scholarly journals Immunodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis by using semi-purified scolex antigens from Taenia solium cysticerci

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Iudici Neto ◽  
Geraldo Pianetti-Filho ◽  
Ricardo Nascimento Araújo ◽  
Evaldo Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Crude Antigen ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Confirmatory Tests

Crude antigen and semi-purified proteins from scolices of Taenia solium cysticerci were evaluated for the immunodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis neurocysticercosis. Semi-purified proteins obtained by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel and by electroelution were tested by means of the immunoenzymatic reaction against sera from normal individuals and from patients with neurocysticercosis or other parasitic diseases. The 100kDa protein provided 100% sensitivity and specificity in the immunodiagnosis. When 95 or 26kDa proteins were used, 95 and 100% sensitivity and specificity were obtained, respectively. The assays involving crude antigen and sera from normal individuals or from patients with neurocysticercosis, diluted to 1:256, gave excellent agreement with those in which 100, 95 or 26kDa proteins were tested against the same serum samples diluted to 1:64. (Kappa: 0.95 to 1.00). Crude scolex antigen may be useful for serological screening, while 100, 95 or 26kDa protein can be used in confirmatory tests on neurocysticercosis-positive cases.

Serological screening for celiac disease in a northern Italian child and adolescent population after the onset of type 1 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Bianchi ◽  
Massimo Cartabia ◽  
Antonio Clavenna ◽  
Ida Fortino ◽  
Angela Bortolotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Italian Child

scholarly journals Diagnosis of sialodacryoadenitis virus infection of rats in a virulent enzootic outbreak

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Carthew ◽  
R. P. Slinger
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Natural Outbreak

In a natural outbreak of sialodacryoadenitis virus it was observed that the incidence of clinical signs in spontaneous-hypertensive rats was 100%, and that these signs were of a severity not observed before in other strains of rats. Rats free of the virus were introduced so that the progress of the disease could be studied under natural conditions of spontaneous spread from the enzootically-affected breeding colony. The pathogenesis of the infection in these Sprague-Dawley rats has been recorded over a period of 10 days after their introduction to the colony, and the results of extensive serological screening have shown that the antibody response of the spontaneous-hypertensive rats to the virus is lower than in other strains of rat.

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