Canine endotheliitis: Clinical characteristics, advanced imaging features, and treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melaney A. Mayes ◽  
Maria Isabel Casanova ◽  
Sangwan Park ◽  
Kirsten Steele ◽  
Lana Linton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Advanced Imaging

Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the subdural spaces mimicking chronic hematoma with positive FDG uptake on PET: case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Kahn ◽  
Jeffrey T. Waltz ◽  
Ramin M. Eskandari ◽  
Cynthia T. Welsh ◽  
Michael U. Antonucci
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

The authors report an unusual presentation of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), a non–Langerhans cell histiocytosis of infancy and early childhood. This entity typically presents as a cutaneous head or neck nodule but can manifest with more systemic involvement including in the central nervous system. However, currently there is limited information regarding specific imaging features differentiating JXG from other neuropathological entities, with diagnosis typically made only after tissue sampling. The authors reviewed the initial images of a young patient with shunt-treated hydrocephalus and enlarging, chronic, extraaxial processes presumed to reflect subdural collections from overshunting, and they examine the operative discovery of a mass lesion that was pathologically proven to be JXG. Their results incorporate the important associated histological and advanced imaging features, including previously unreported metabolic activity on FDG PET. Ultimately, the case underscores the need to consider JXG in differential diagnoses of pediatric intracranial masses and highlights the potential role of PET in the initial diagnosis and response to treatment.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients With COVID-19 in Suining and Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-juan Wu ◽  
Chao-Ping Wang ◽  
Xiao-Bin Luo ◽  
Gao-Yan He ◽  
Bao-Lin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lung Consolidation ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan. This study mainly analyzed the clinical characteristics, imaging features, and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 in Suining, one of China's fourth-tier cities, and Wuhan in 2019 and compared data between the 2 cities. Methods A retrospective analysis of the epidemiological history, clinical data, symptom presentation, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography (CT) imaging features, treatment measures and prognosis of 68 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed at Wuhan Red Cross Hospital and 17 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed at Suining Central Hospital from January 23, 2020, to February 27, 2020, was conducted. Results 1) The incidence rate of COVID-19 in Wuhan was 52.99‱, and the incidence rate in Suining was 0.04‱. The median age of patients with COVID-19 was 40.71 years old in Suining and 56.04 years old in Wuhan. The age of patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan was significantly older than that of patients with COVID-19 in Suining. Among the 68 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, 30 (44.1%) had hypertension, and 25 (36.8%) had diabetes. Three out of the 17 patients in Suining (17.6%) had hypertension, and 2 patients (11.8%) had diabetes. The proportion of patients with diabetes or hypertension in Wuhan was significantly higher than that in Suining (P<0.05). In the clinical classification, there were 1 (5.9%) and 23 (33.8%) patients with severe COVID-19 in Suining and Wuhan, respectively. The proportion of patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan was significantly higher than that in Suining (P<0.05).Fever and cough were the most common clinical symptoms, with 9 cases (52.9%) and 8 cases (47.1%) in Suining, respectively, and 54 cases (79.4%) and 42 cases (61.8%) in Wuhan, respectively. There was 1 patient (5.9%) with COVID-19 with dyspnea in Suining and 23 patients (33.8%) with COVID-19 with dyspnea in Wuhan; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Chest CT showed that lung consolidation occurred in 2 (11.8%) and 26 (38.2%) patients with COVID-19 in Suining and Wuhan, respectively. The proportion of lung consolidation in patients in Wuhan was significantly higher than that in patients in Suining (P<0.05). The laboratory tests suggested that percentage ofelevated C-reactive protein (CRP) (58.8%), ALT (33.8%), blood glucose (45.6%), creatine kinase (CK) (33.8%) or D-dimer (47.1%) of patients in Wuhan were significantly increased than those in Suining (29.4%, 5.9%, 17.6%, 5.9%, and 17.7%, respectively). Moreover, the average length of hospital stay of patients in Wuhan was 17.49 days, which was significantly longer than that of patients in Suining (12.29 days). Conclusions The incidence of COVID-19 in fourth-tier cities, Suining, in China was significantly lower than that in Wuhan, and the disease severity was generally lower than that in Wuhan, with mostly good prognoses. Advanced age, diabetes, and hypertension are important factors that aggravate COVID-19, while elevated CRP, ALT, blood glucose, CK, and D-dimer levels are important indicators for severe disease.

scholarly journals Acute bacterial nephritis. A descriptive study of an underdiagnosed entity

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Pedro Antonio Madero-Morales ◽  
Rigoberto Pallares-Méndez ◽  
Rodrigo Romero-Mata ◽  
Guillermo Vizcarra-Mata ◽  
Andrés Guillén-Lozoya
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Retrospective Case

Background: Acute bacterial nephritis is an infectious process diagnosed through imaging studies. The clinical course of the disease has been shown to be more aggressive than acute pyelonephritis. It continues to be underdiagnosed, thus there are few studies on the entity in the literature. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and imaging features of acute bacterial nephritis, as well as its clinical course. Design: A descriptive, retrospective case series was conducted. Materials and methods: Thirty-two cases of acute bacterial nephritis in patients admitted to the hospital within the time frame of 2009 to 2016 were reviewed. The patients’ clinical characteristics upon admission were registered, as well as inpatient clinical progression, culture results, and antibiotic therapy response. The imaging studies were re-evaluated and the diagnostic consistency with either the focal or multifocal disease presentation was confirmed. Results: Cases predominated in women (n=29, 90.62%) and the most frequently associated comorbidities were diabetes (n=16, 50%) and obesity (n=9, 28.25%). The most important clinical findings upon admission were fever (n=15, 46.87%) and leukocytosis (n=27, 84.38%). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacterium (63.63%). Both acute focal bacterial nephritis and acute multifocal bacterial nephritis were observed in 46.87% (n=15) and 53.13% (n=17) of the patients, respectively. Imaging studies were required for all diagnoses. Conclusion: Fever and leukocytosis are the main findings in acute bacterial nephritis. Imaging studies are necessary for making the diagnosis, given that acute pyelonephritis and acute bacterial nephritis cannot be clinically differentiated.

scholarly journals Prediction of BRAF mutation status of craniopharyngioma using magnetic resonance imaging features

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yue ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Zhifeng Shi ◽  
Yongfei Wang ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Mri Features

OBJECTIVETreatment with a BRAF mutation inhibitor might shrink otherwise refractory craniopharyngiomas and is a promising preoperative treatment to facilitate tumor resection. The aim of this study was to investigate the noninvasive diagnosis of BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas based on MRI characteristics.METHODSFifty-two patients with pathologically diagnosed craniopharyngioma were included in this study. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on tumor tissue specimens to detect BRAF and CTNNB1 mutations. MRI manifestations—including tumor location, size, shape, and composition; signal intensity of cysts; enhancement pattern; pituitary stalk morphology; and encasement of the internal carotid artery—were analyzed by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to patient identity and clinical characteristics, including BRAF mutation status. Results were compared between the BRAF-mutated and wild-type (WT) groups. Characteristics that were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in the BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas were defined as diagnostic features. The minimum number of diagnostic features needed to make a diagnosis was determined by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.RESULTSEight of the 52 patients had BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas, and the remaining 44 had BRAF WT tumors. The clinical characteristics did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Interobserver agreement for MRI data analysis was relatively reliable, with values of Cohen κ ranging from 0.65 to 0.97 (p < 0.001). A comparison of findings in the 2 patient groups showed that BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas tended to be suprasellar (p < 0.001), spherical (p = 0.005), predominantly solid (p = 0.003), and homogeneously enhancing (p < 0.001), and that patients with these tumors tended to have a thickened pituitary stalk (p = 0.014). When at least 3 of these 5 features were present, a tumor might be identified as BRAF mutated with a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.91. The area under the ROC curve for the sum of all 5 diagnostic criteria was 0.989 (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe BRAF mutation status of craniopharyngiomas might be predicted using certain MRI features with relatively high sensitivity and specificity, thus offering potential guidance for the preoperative administration of BRAF mutation inhibitors.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of outpatients and inpatients with COVID-19 in Bushehr: a report from the south of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Keshavarz ◽  
Ahmad Tavakoli ◽  
Sareh Zanganeh ◽  
Mohammad Javad Mousavi ◽  
Katayoun Vahdat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Severe Renal Failure ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Increased Risk

Aim: To investigate clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19 patients in Bushehr, a southern province of Iran. Materials & methods: A total of 148 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. The patients were categorized into four groups including inpatients, outpatients, elderly and nonelderly. Clinical, laboratory and computed tomography characteristics were analyzed and compared. Results: Levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferas among inpatients were higher than outpatients. There were significant differences in the levels of creatinine and blood urine nitrogen between elderly and nonelderly patients. The incidence of ground-glass opacities in inpatients was significantly higher than in outpatients. Conclusion: COVID-19 is associated with more severe renal failure in elderly patients. Elderly patients with underlying conditions are at increased risk of severe progression of COVID-19.

scholarly journals A Clinical Analysis of Pharyngeal Bronchogenic Cysts in the Pharynx of Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Fugen Han ◽  
Dongjie Seng ◽  
Lan Jiang ◽  
Shengcai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bronchogenic Cysts

Objective: This study was designed to summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pharyngeal bronchogenic cysts in children to help in making the correct diagnosis and developing an appropriate treatment plan.Methods: The clinical data of 13 children with bronchogenic cysts in the pharynx, who were treated in otolaryngology head and neck surgery department between September 2013 and July 2019, were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics were evaluated, and the related factors for diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Clinical characteristics and imaging features of three cases whose lesions located in the nasopharyngeal, oropharynx, and laryngopharyngeal were demonstrated.Results: All 13 children were male, the youngest being 4 days old, the oldest 6 years and 6 months, and the median age being 1 year and 4 months. Eight patients were diagnosed during a physical examination, and five patients visited the doctor with different degrees of upper airway obstruction. The mass was located in the nasopharynx in one patient, in the oropharynx in eight patients, and in the laryngopharynx in the other four patients. Computed tomography (CT) scanning, which is helpful for a topical diagnosis, showed a dense homogeneous mass. Electronic nasopharyngoscopy showed cystic masses of different sizes in the pharynx. All the children underwent cyst resection under general anesthesia, and the postoperative pathology result was a bronchogenic cyst. One child was lost to follow-up, but the remaining 12 children were followed up for between 6 months and 6 years, during which no recurrence of a cyst was found.Conclusion: Bronchogenic cysts are a rare cyst of the head and neck, and the most common site of the cyst is the oropharynx. The impact on airway obstruction depends on the location and size of the cyst. CT scanning is of great significance for diagnosis. Surgical treatment should be carried out as soon as possible after diagnosis, as surgery is the most effective way to treat bronchogenic cysts. Follow-ups should be carried out regularly to prevent cyst recurrence.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and chest CT imaging features of critically ill COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 6151-6160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Xunhua Xu ◽  
Ling-Yan Zhou ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Imaging Features

Supracardiac atherosclerosis in embolic stroke of undetermined source: the underestimated source

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Ntaios ◽  
Max Wintermark ◽  
Patrik Michel
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Embolic Stroke ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Intracranial Arteries ◽  
Embolic Risk

Abstract The term ‘embolic stroke of undetermined source’ (ESUS) is used to describe patients with a non-lacunar ischaemic stroke without any identified embolic source from the heart or the arteries supplying the ischaemic territory, or any other apparent cause. When the ESUS concept was introduced, covert atrial fibrillation was conceived to be the main underlying cause in the majority of ESUS patients. Another important embolic source in ESUS is the atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid, vertebrobasilar, and intracranial arteries, or the aortic arch—collectively described as supracardiac atherosclerosis. There is emerging evidence showing that the role of supracardiac atherosclerosis is larger than it was initially perceived. Advanced imaging methods are available to identify plaques which high embolic risk. The role of novel antithrombotic strategies in these patients needs to be assessed in randomized controlled trials. This review presents the evidence which points towards a major aetiological association between atherosclerotic plaques and ESUS, summarizes the imaging features which may aid to identify plaques more likely to be associated with ESUS, discusses strategies to reduce the associated stroke risk, and highlights the rationale for future research in this field.

A simple cyst is not always simply a cyst: A case of cystic recurrence after nephrectomy for tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Fabio Salvatori ◽  
Marco Macchini ◽  
Marco Misericordia ◽  
Enrico Paci ◽  
Andrea Giovagnoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
World Health ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Simple Cyst ◽  
Left Hypochondrium ◽  
Health Organization

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal tumor according to the 2016 World Health Organization, and less than 100 cases have been documented up to date in literature. The imaging features are not well known and to the best of our knowledge, there is not a radiology description of recurrence from tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma in the literature. We describe the case of a 70-year-old man with unusual cystic lesions in the left hypochondrium 11 years after a nephrectomy for tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma on the same side, and we report a review of the clinical characteristics of metastatic tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma.

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